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The Multifaceted Roles of Myrrha in the Treatment of Breast Cancer: Potential Therapeutic Targets and Promises.

BackgroundBreast cancer is a critical threat to human health, and effective targeted agents showing lower systemic toxicity are still lacking. Therefore, exploring new potent therapeutic candidates with a broader safety margin is warranted. Alternative medicine, which has historically been used in traditional Chinese medicine, has played an increasingly prominent role in this area of research. This study introduces Commiphora myrrha (or myrrh) as a potential therapeutic candidate for treating breast cancer patients. Myrrh bioactive extracts have been used traditionally for decades to treat num

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… tumor growth, invasion, and metastases of many cancers, including lung, colon, stomach, urinary, and breast cancers. 59 - 63 Moreover, PTGS2 was reported to participate in several oncogenic signaling pathways related to cell proliferation, growth, survival, angiogenesis, inflammation, metastasis, and mutagens … In vitro cytogenotoxic and mutagenic effects of Commiphora myrrha essential oil . Drug Chem Toxicol . 2022 ; 45 : 2718 - 2726 . doi: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1984518 34607480 16 Liao Y Wang J Guo C , et al . …

NTP toxicity studies of sodium dichromate dihydrate (CAS No. 7789-12-0) administered in drinking water to male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice and male BALB/c and am3-C57BL/6 mice.

Sodium dichromate dihydrate is one of a number of inorganic compounds containing hexavalent chromium (CR VI) found in drinking water supplies as a contaminant resulting from various industrial processes including electroplating operations, leather tanning, and textile manufacturing. Because of the lack of adequate experimental data on the toxicity and carcinogenicity of hexavalent chromium ingested orally, and because hexavalent chromium has been found in human drinking water supplies, the California Congressional delegation and the California Environmental Protection Agency nominated hexavale

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Mirex (1,1a,2,2,3,3a,4,5,5,5a,5b,6-Dodecachlorooctahydro-1,3,4- metheno-1H-cyclouta[cd]pentalene) (CAS No. 2385-85-5) in F344/N Rats (Feed Studies).

Mirex (95% pure), formerly used a systemic insecticide and as a fire retardant, was studied for toxicologic and carcinogenic effects by administering diets containing 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10, 25, or 50 ppm mirex to groups of 52 F344/N rats of each sex for 104 weeks. Doses selected for the 2-year studies were based primarily on the effects on body weights and survival of rats in a 26-week study. During the first 6 months of the 2-year study, because of good survival and the absence of observable toxic effects in female rats, additional groups (termed second study) of 52 F344/N female rats were started

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Phenylbutazone (CAS No. 50-33-9) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies).

Phenylbutazone is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis studies were conducted by administering phenylbutazone (greater than 99% pure) in corn oil by gavage to groups of F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice of each sex for 19 days, 13 weeks, or 2 years. Genetic toxicology studies were performed with Salmonella typhimurium, mouse L5178Y lymphoma cells, and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Nineteen-Day Studies: The deaths of 3/5 male and 4/5 female rats that received 600 mg/kg and of 2/5 females that received 300 mg/kg were considered to be chemically related. The fin

Use of Oral Antivirals Ritonavir-Nirmatrelvir and Molnupiravir in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Is Associated with Low Rates of Severe COVID-19: A Single-Center, Prospective Study.

In patients with multiple myeloma (MM), SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with a severe clinical course and high mortality rates due to the concomitant disease- and treatment-related immunosuppression. Specific antiviral treatment involves viral replication control with monoclonal antibodies and antivirals, including molnupiravir and the ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir. This prospective study investigated the effect of these two agents on SARS-CoV-2 infection severity and mortality in patients with MM. Patients received either ritonavir-nirmatrelvir or molnupiravir. Baseline demographic

Amyloidosis due to TTR mutations in Mexico with 4 distincts genotypes in the index cases.

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… These allelic variations result from a process of natural selection, exogenous mutagens, genetic changes or genetic migrations. Many of these mutations may be in the form of a nucleotide polymorphism, where a single nucleotide base will be raised in comparison to a consensus sequence [ 27 ]. …

EMA Review of Panobinostat (Farydak) for the Treatment of Adult Patients with Relapsed and/or Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

On August 28, 2015, a marketing authorization valid through the European Union was issued for panobinostat, in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone, for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma who have received at least two prior regimens including bortezomib and an immunomodulatory agent (IMiD).Panobinostat is an orally available histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that inhibits the enzymatic activity of HDAC proteins at nanomolar concentrations. HDAC proteins catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from the lysine residues of histones and some

Keyword Index for Volume 106

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… malignant melanoma 553 malignant pleural mesothelioma 1027 mammography 525 marker protein patterns 1297 mass screening 805, 970 mathematical model 1280, 1742 matrix metallopeptidase 1486 matrix metalloproteinase 1431, 1495 MCM2 1798 mCRC 453 MCV 1166 MDA-7/IL-24 1976 meat 603, 608 meat mutagens …

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of 1-Amino-2,4-Dibromoanthraquinone (CAS No. 81-49-2) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies).

1-Amino-2,4-dibromoanthraquinone is an anthraquinone-derived vat dye, a member of a class of insoluble dyes that are impregnated into textile fibers. Five anthraquinone-derived dyes with representative and diverse structures, as well as the parent chemical, anthraquinone, were selected for NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis evaluation. Similar to the benzidine dye initiative, the rationale for selecting these vat dyes was to generate sufficient toxicologic data to permit more reliable predictions of carcinogenicity to be made on other chemicals in this class, thereby eliminating or reducing the

The Protective Effects of Sesamin against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity through Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory-Cytokines and Apoptosis in Rats.

Cyclophosphamide is an anticancer drug with a wide spectrum of clinical uses, but its typical side effects are multiple complications, including nephron toxicity. The possible molecular mechanism of the nephroprotective action of sesamin (SM) against cyclophosphamide (CP) induced renal toxicity was investigated in rats by understanding oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. In this study, rats were arbitrarily grouped into the following four groups: a normal control group (CNT); a CP-induced toxicity group; a treatment group with two doses of sesamin SM10 and SM20; a group with sesamin (

Cancer prevention programmes in Mexico: are we doing enough?

Cancer has increased in all the countries of the world and Mexico is no exception. The recognised risk factors for the main types of cancer are reviewed and searched through the Mexican government web pages and cancer prevention programmes to tackle the risk factors in the population. The Mexican government, a member of the World Health Organization, shows that the main approach is an early diagnosis rather than prevention, forgetting that an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure. Effective public programmes should be promoted to reduce preventable risk factors in the population (

Keyword Index for Volume 109

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… 493 markers 714 Markov model 2035 Maspin 1636 matrix degradation 422 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 731 maxillary sinus 2980 Mayak radiation workers 1989 MC1R 747 MCF-7 breast cancer cells 2751 MCG 101 1867 MDM2 2199 MDR 2356 MDR1 drug resistance 2131 mean survival 1735 meat 756 meat mutagens …

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine (CAS No. 135-88-6) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies).

N-Phenyl- 2- naphthylamine, formerly used as a antioxidant in the rubber industry, was selected for toxicology and carcinogenesis studies because at the time of nomination (1976) it had a large annual production and widespread human exposure. Additional reasons for selection included it structural similarity and possible metabolism to the known human urinary bladder carcinogen, 2-naphthylamine. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by feeding diets containing N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine (approximately 98% pure and containing less than 1 ppm 2-naphthylamine) at various concentration

Тайрозин Брютона: потенциальная новая цель для неврологических расстройств.

Тирозиновая киназа Брютона (BTK) является важной частью канала сигнала B-клектора, который широко изучался при различных видах недугов. Недавние исследования расширили наши знания о его роли в метаболизме, а также в неврологических расстройствах. Она может играть важную роль в патофизиологии неврологических заболеваний, таких как множественный склероз, болезнь Альцгеймера, повреждение мозга и несколько других. Активация воспалений, главным образом NLRP3, является одним из основных механизмов, с помощью которого она поощряет воспаление мозга, связанное со старением и болезнями. В настоящем доку

Cancer, more than a "COVID-19 co-morbidity".

Patients with cancer represent a particularly vulnerable population at risk of adverse outcomes related to COVID-19. Collectively, the initial studies, including patients with and without cancer, confirmed that patients with cancer had a higher risk of complications and death related to COVID-19. Subsequent studies on patients with COVID-19 and cancer investigated patient and disease-related factors associated with COVID-19 severity and morality. Multiple interconnected factors include demographics, comorbidities, cancer-associated variables, treatment side effects, and other parameters. Howev

NTP Hepatotoxicity Studies of the Liver Carcinogen Methapyrilene Hydrochloride (CAS No. 135-23-9) Administered in Feed to Male F344/N Rats.

Methapyrilene hydrochloride is a histamine H(1)-receptor antagonist that was an active ingredient in many over-the-counter cold and allergy medications. In the mid- to late 1970s, studies in rats suggested that methapyrilene hydrochloride was a hepatocarcinogen, and the drug was removed from these preparations. In most cases, methapyrilene hydrochloride was replaced by pyrilamine maleate, a structurally similar analogue. As part of a program to investigate mechanisms of toxicity whereby structurally similar chemicals produce different toxicities, these chemicals were studied for induction of c

Gastrointestinal Cancer Therapeutics via Triggering Unfolded Protein Response and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by 2-Arylbenzofuran.

Gastrointestinal cancers are a major global health challenge, with high mortality rates. This study investigated the anti-cancer activities of 30 monomers extracted from Morus alba L. (mulberry) against gastrointestinal cancers. Toxicological assessments revealed that most of the compounds, particularly immunotoxicity, exhibit some level of toxicity, but it is generally not life-threatening under normal conditions. Among these components, Sanggenol L, Sanggenon C, Kuwanon H, 3'-Geranyl-3-prenyl-5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone, Morusinol, Mulberrin, Moracin P, Kuwanon E, and Kuwanon A demonstrate

Establishing measurable residual disease trajectories for patients on treatment for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma as benchmark for deployment of T-cell redirection therapy.

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has been the prime consolidative strategy to increase the depth and duration of response in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), albeit with short- and long-term toxicities. Minimal residual disease (MRD) is an important early response endpoint correlating with clinically meaningful outcomes and may be used to isolate the effect of ASCT. We report the impact of ASCT on MRD burden and generate a benchmark for evaluation of novel treatments as consolidation. We collected MRD by next generation sequencing (NGS; clonoSEQ®) post induction and post-ASC

Healing Oral Mucositis With Arrabidaea chica Verlot Mucoadhesive Gel in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

INTRODUCTION: Oral mucositis affects up to 80% of patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation, causing painful ulcers, increased infection risk, and impaired quality of life. Current treatments are mainly palliative, highlighting the need for new therapeutic options. Arrabidaea chica Verlot extract has shown wound healing potential through antioxidant activity and collagen synthesis promotion in vitro and significant wound area reduction in vivo. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to evaluate the wound healing potential of a mucoadhesive gel containing 2.5% A. chica extract for trea

The European Medicines Agency Review of Carfilzomib for the Treatment of Adult Patients with Multiple Myeloma Who Have Received at Least One Prior Therapy.

On November 19, 2015, a marketing authorization valid through the European Union was issued for carfilzomib in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone for the treatment of adult patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who have received at least one prior therapy.In a phase III trial in patients with relapsed MM, median progression-free survival (PFS) for patients treated with carfilzomib in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (CRd) was 26.3 months versus 17.6 months for those receiving lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone (hazard ratio = 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.57-0.83