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Usability and Acceptance Testing of an Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Symptom Monitoring System for People Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are widely used in oncology but can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which may be severe or life-threatening if not detected early. Electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) symptom monitoring systems may facilitate timely recognition and management of irAEs. Usability testing is a critical stage in ePRO system development, yet no published examples of formal usability and acceptance testing exist. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the usability and acceptance of a co-designed ePRO symptom monitoring prototype for irAEs embedded within

Inequalities in total fertility rate in Sierra Leone, 2008-2019.

BACKGROUND: Total fertility rate measures the average number of children a woman is expected to have during her reproductive age (typically 15-49 years). Despite the national decline in Sierra Leone, significant disparities in total fertility rates persist across socioeconomic and geographic lines. This study investigated the inequalities in total fertility rate among women in Sierra Leone between 2008 and 2019. METHODS: We utilized data from the three rounds of the Sierra Leone Demographic Health Survey conducted in 2008, 2013, and 2019. The World Health Organization's Health Equity Assessme

Self-reported poliomyelitis vaccination and documentation in adults indicates high uptake: a digital German epidemic panel, December 2024.

BACKGROUND: On 12 December 2024, the Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO) recommended universal polio catch-up vaccination for children … y be underestimated based on vaccination records only. There is a need to address potential gaps in health literacy and vaccination documentation. Efforts should be made to conduct continuous seroprevalence surveys in the population in response to emerging public health threats and deduce parameters to inform modelling infection dynamics in specific outbreak scen …

Exploring Medication Safety in Transitions From Prison to Community: A Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: The prison population in England and Wales exceeds 88,000, with a high turnover - 47% of sentenced admissions in 2023 served les … healthcare providers. These challenges were further compounded by patient-level issues such as low health literacy, substance use, and housing instability. Staff proposed several improvements to enhance medication safety during prison-to-community transitions, including electronic prescribing for timely access to medication, improved information transfer, dedica …

The Role of Rating Valence in AI Skin Cancer App Acceptance: Eye-Tracking and Questionnaire Study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence-based skin cancer screening apps (AISCSAs) offer diagnostic potential but face limited adoption. App store cues, such as ratings, may influence acceptance; yet, little is known about how users cognitively process app store information in high-stakes health contexts. To address this gap, eye-tracking was used to measure visual attention while participants evaluated a mock AISCSA app store listing. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to test whether a single negative rating captures visual attention and whether an extended technology acceptance model (TAM) can predic

Construction and regional application of an integrated model for early screening and tiered management of chronic kidney disease.

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a leading chronic condition contributing to global mortality and disability. Its early stages are often asymptomatic, leading to delayed detection. In China's western ethnic minority regions, characterized by geographical dispersion, insufficient primary healthcare resources, and relatively low public health literacy, the early identification and effective management of CKD face more complex challenges. OBJECTIVE: Focusing on the Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province as the study area, this research aimed to…

Evaluating large language models' performance in answering common questions on drug-induced liver injury.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a complex condition often linked to medication behaviors, with patient education havi … ating LLM-based tools into patient education initiatives could offer a practical pathway to improve health literacy and engagement in real-world settings.

The Impact of Digitalization on European General Practice From the Perspective of General Practitioners: Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Digital health technologies, including telemedicine, electronic medical records, digital health tools (DHTs), and AI, are transforming European primary care, but evidence on how general practitioners (GPs) experience these tools remains fragmented. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to synthesize European GPs' perspectives on the adoption and implementation of digital health technologies, focusing on perceived usefulness, ease of use, implementation barriers, workload, and doctor-patient relationships. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Sys

Effectiveness of Mobile Health for Improving Medication Adherence in Patients With Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Medication adherence among patients with cancer is generally low. Mobile health (mHealth) has gradually been applied to improve … om burden (SMD -0.38, 95% CI -0.61 to -0.14; P=.008). However, mHealth had no significant effect on health literacy (SMD 0.51, 95% CI -1.50 to 2.52; P=.29). Subgroup analysis revealed that interventions lasting <3 months outperformed those lasting ≥3 months in improving adherence scores (SMD 1.37, 95% CI 0.78-1.96 vs SMD 0.49, 95% CI -0.39 to 1.37; χ²1=5.98; P=.0 …

COVID-19 Resilience and Risk Reduction Intervention in Rural Populations of Western India: Retrospective Evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Globally, especially in the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), rural populations were more susceptible to the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic due to lower levels of community awareness, poor hygiene, and health literacy accompanying pre-existing weak public health systems. Consequently, various community-based interventions were engineered in rural regions worldwide to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic by empowering people to mount both individual and collective public health responses against the pandemic. However, to date, there is paucity of information on the effec…

Rural Residency Status in South Dakotans is Not Associated With More Advanced Stage Melanoma at Time of Diagnosis.

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have established that geographic location strongly influences health literacy, access to care, and health outcomes across all disease types. There are many well-understood risk factors for the development of melanoma, and likewise various markers of disease severity. However, few studies have been conducted to determine what role locality and access to dermatological care play in both the incidence and severity of melanoma, particularly in South Dakotans. Here, it is hypothesized that living in rural regions with less access to care increases the risk for more ad…

The abortion and contraceptive behavior: results of the all-Russian Research.

The problem of abortion is actual in all spheres of public life. Despite the fact that in Russia, according to the Ministry of Health, the number of abortions has decreased by 30% over the past five years, there is demand from society and public authorities to strengthen the national demographic security, to search for corresponding reserves and to strengthen positive dynamics of demographic indices on permanent long-term basis. The abortions significantly and negatively affect birth rate and woman health. To make proper managerial decisions in this area requires analyzing such complex social

Comparison of YouthCHAT, an Electronic Composite Psychosocial Screener, With a Clinician Interview Assessment for Young People: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Psychosocial problems such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse are common and burdensome in young people. In New Zealand, screening for such problems is undertaken routinely only with year 9 students in low-decile schools and opportunistically in pediatric settings using a nonvalidated and time-consuming clinician-administered Home, Education, Eating, Activities, Drugs and Alcohol, Sexuality, Suicide and Depression, Safety (HEEADSSS) interview. The Youth version, Case-finding and Help Assessment Tool (YouthCHAT) is a relatively new, locally developed, electronic tablet-base

The Prevalence of Low Birth Weight Among Newborn Babies and Its Associated Maternal Risk Factors: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Low birth weight (LBW) is at the forefront of 100 core health issues that are used as indicators to assess the global nutrition monitoring framework as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO). Several factors could contribute to LBW, which essentially include intrauterine growth retardation and premature delivery/birth. Moreover, LBW predisposes neonates to several developmental disturbances including both physical and mental disorders. Given that LBW is more common in poor and developing countries, there is not much reliable data that could be used to formulate strategies f

Feasibility, use and usability of an adapted mHealth tool for dementia risk reduction among middle-aged and older adults in Germany: protocol for a non-randomised pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: Several potentially modifiable factors are associated with the risk of cognitive decline and dementia, indicating potential for risk reduction via lifestyle modifications. While multidomain interventions targeting lifestyle changes for dementia risk reduction are often highly selective and resource-intensive, eHealth/mHealth interventions offer a potentially low-cost, scalable approach to promote brain-healthy lifestyles for a large number of individuals. This protocol outlines a pilot study to test an mHealth intervention for dementia risk reduction among middle-aged to older ad

Understanding the patients' experience in Primary Technology Enhanced Care Home HbA1c Testing (PTEC HAT) programme-a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) related healthcare expenditure is expected to rise drastically as the incidence of diabetes associated comorbidities increases. It is vital to maintain an optimum glycaemia for patients with diabetes to reduce the risk of diabetes complications. Given the strong predictive value for diabetes complications, HbA1c remains the gold standard to monitor glycaemic control in contemporary clinical practice. The Primary Technology Enhanced Care (PTEC) Home HbA1c Testing (HAT) Programme is a telehealth programme that is intended to empower low-risk patients t

Help-seeking behavior, treatment barriers and facilitators, attitudes and access to first-line treatment in German adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

BACKGROUND: Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) face both personal and system-based barriers in receiving first-line treatm … years on average, but were reduced in younger individuals, potentially reflecting increased mental health literacy. Although our sample may not be fully representative, our results fill the gap between epidemiological surveys and previous studies in outpatients. Options for improving the care situation are discussed.

"It's very important that you measure throughout that journey…": patient perspectives towards quality-of-life data collection following haematopoietic cell transplant.

BackgroundThere is increasing interest in using Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) to provide evidence of how a haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) affects blood cancer patients' long-term quality-of-life (QoL). The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore patients' opinions on what QoL data should be collected post-transplant, when this data should be collected, the use of this data beyond research, and how this data should be captured.MethodsTwenty-one HCT patients with median age of 45 years (range: 26-71 years) took part in a semi-structured interview. Two commonly use

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… Limitations of this study include potential subjective bias of patient experience and varying levels of health literacy which can lead to different interpretations and responses to specific questions. …

Anticipated Acceptability of Blended Learning Among Lay Health Care Workers in Malawi: Qualitative Analysis Guided by the Technology Acceptance Model.

BACKGROUND: HIV index case testing (ICT) aims to identify people living with HIV and their contacts, engage them in HIV testing services, and link them to care. ICT implementation has faced challenges in Malawi due to limited counseling capacity among lay health care workers (HCWs). Enhancing capacity through centralized face-to-face training is logistically complex and expensive. A decentralized blended learning approach to HCW capacity-building, combining synchronous face-to-face and asynchronous digital modalities, may be an acceptable way to address this challenge. OBJECTIVE: The objectiv

Peer2Me - evaluation of a peer supported program for adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients: study protocol of a randomised trial using a comprehensive cohort design.

BACKGROUND: Developing cancer in young adulthood is a non-normative life event and associated with adverse physical, social and psychologica … . The primary outcome is self-efficacy; secondary outcomes include measures of anxiety, depression, health literacy, life satisfaction and social support life. Outcomes will be measured at baseline before the intervention (t1), immediately after completion of the three-month intervention (t2) and three months after completion the intervention (t3). For the final …