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Altered DNA ligase I activity in Bloom's syndrome cells.

Cells from patients with Bloom's syndrome, a rare disease associated with increased cancer frequency, exhibit cytological abnormalities. These include increased numbers of homologous chromatid interchange figures and sister-chromatid exchanges, together with abnormally slow replicon-fork progression and retarded rate of DNA-chain maturation, and suggest that the primary defect in this recessive disorder affects S-phase DNA replication. DNA ligases and DNA polymerases have long been prime candidates for abnormality in Bloom's syndrome, but various studies of DNA polymerases in Bloom's syndrome

Determination of radiochemical purity and pharmacokinetic parameters of 99mTc-sulphur colloid and 99mTc-tin colloid.

Labelling yield and radiochemical purity, higher than 95%, of 99mTc-colloid preparations were determined by using the paper chromatography method. Less than 3% of labelled citric acid, added to the preparation as a buffer solution, has been found in 99mTc-sulphur colloid. High radiochemical purity and optimum size of colloid particles has also been proved by biodistribution studies on experimental animals. The analysis performed has shown that more than 50% of 99mTc-colloid preparations excreted by urine is 99mTcO-, the remaining past 50% being protein bound 99mTc. Biological half-time of excr

Efficacy, safety, and palatability of arpraziquantel (L-praziquantel) orodispersible tablets in children aged 3 months to 6 years infected with Schistosoma in Côte d'Ivoire and Kenya: an open-label, partly randomised, phase 3 trial.

BACKGROUND: WHO has underlined the need for a child-friendly treatment for schistosomiasis, a prevalent parasitic disease in low-income and middle-income countries. After successful phase 1 and 2 trials, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, palatability, and pharmacokinetics of arpraziquantel (L-praziquantel) orodispersible tablets for preschool-aged children. METHODS: This open-label, partly randomised, phase 3 study was conducted at two hospitals in Côte d'Ivoire and Kenya. Children with a minimum bodyweight of 5 kg in those aged 3 months to 2 years and 8 kg in those aged 2-6 years we

The importance of pharmacodynamic properties in treatment of penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.

As a short résumé, the major result according to each objective listed in chapter 1 will be repeated. 1. Adjusting and characterisation of t … mately 24 h post-challenge. A decline phase, not very reproducible, was found after 24 h, and in this phase the mice were beyond therapeutic range (Knudsen et al., III). The efficacy of treatment as effect on bacterial counts, was as good in the stationary phase as in the exponential phase (Knudsen et al., III). The pharmacokinetic properties of penicilli …

Identifying ideal solvents through evaluating mass transport channels at local three-phase interfaces of Pt/C catalysts: MD simulations.

The performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is defined by the three-phase interface within their core membrane electrode assembly. However, the solvent-dependent distribution of Nafion ionomers and its impact on oxygen transport and Pt utilization at the Pt/Nafion interface remain insufficiently understood. In this work, classical molecular dynamics simulations were employed to systematically investigate how eight commonly used solvents (water, acetone, butanol, ethanol, ether, isopropanol, methanol, and propanol) regulate the local three-phase interface structure within th

Interface Engineering of Hydrated Tungsten Oxide via Carbon Nitride for Durable Electrochromic Energy Storage.

Electrochromic smart windows demand high optical contrast, fast switching, long-term durability, and charge-storage functionality, yet hydrated tungsten oxides suffer from restricted ion transport and structural degradation during repeated ion insertion/extraction. Here, we present a carbon nitride-driven phase transformation strategy for a durable energy-storing electrochromic hydrated tungsten oxide. Under mild hydrogen annealing, orthorhombic WO3·H2O nanoplates containing an optimized 10 wt % carbon nitride (CNx) selectively transform into predominantly hexagonal WO3·0.33H2O nanorods (∼80%)

Synthesis and crystal structure of catena-poly[[bis(pyridine-4-carbonitrile-κN 1)cobalt(II)]-di-μ-thiocyanato-κ2 N:S;κ2 S:N].

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Co(NCS)2(C6H4N2)2] n (C6H4N2 = pyri-dine-4-car-bo-ni-trile), consists of two crystallographically independent cobalt cations that are located on centers of inversion as well as two independent thio-cyanate anions and two independent pyri-dine-4-car-bo-ni-trile coligands that occupy general positions. Each of the cobalt cations is sixfold coordinated by two N- and two S-bonding thio-cyanate anions and two pyri-dine-4-car-bo-ni-trile coligands in an slightly distorted CoN4S2 octa-hedral geometry with an all-trans coordination. The cobalt cations are li

Unraveling the binding mechanism and enhanced performance of indigo/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex: An integrated experimental and computational study.

Indigo (IN) has significant value in dyeing and potential pharmacological applications, but its poor water solubility severely limits bioavailability and processing efficiency. This study investigated the formation, structure, and binding mechanism of inclusion complexes (ICs) between IN and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) through integrated experimental and computational methods. Phase solubility studies confirmed stable 1:1 stoichiometric ICs, with apparent stability constants (Ks) of 586.73 M-1 and 477.52 M-1 for complexes with two indigo derivatives (IN1 and IN2), respectively, significantly enhanci

Decoupling Thermodynamic and Kinetic Controls in Methane Activation on High-Spin Rhenium Centers: The Interplay of Electronic Accumulation and Relativistic Spin-Orbit Coupling.

Uncovering how ligand environments modulate the reactivity of transition metal centers is pivotal for rational design of methane conversion catalysts. Herein, we report a striking reactivity dichotomy in the thermal gas-phase reactions of Re cluster cations with methane: while [Re(H2O)]+ efficiently dehydrogenates methane, whereas [Re(CO2)]+ remains inert, as revealed by FT-ICR mass spectrometry. Guided by extensive theoretical evaluation across a broadened ligand space (H2O, CO2, H2S, SiO2, HCl, HBr, etc.), we reveal a synergistic thermodynamic-kinetic controls mechanism governing methane act

Hip, knee, and ankle running kinematics during stance for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients.

BACKGROUND: While functional data analysis facilitates extensive interpretation of movement patterns, there are limited studies utilizing functional data analysis to examine running biomechanics in individuals post-ACLR. The current study aimed to determine altered running biomechanics in individuals with unilateral ACLR compared to the contralateral limb and matched control limbs. METHODS: Twenty ACLR patients (time post-ACLR: 14.6 ± 6.1 months) and 20 matched controls participated in the study. All participants ran for 30 min at a self-selected speed (minimum 2.68 m/s) on an instrumented ta

Intraoperative monitoring of malignant liver tumor microwave ablation using contrast-enhanced ultrasound: A preliminary study.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate intraoperative assessment and monitoring of liver tumor ablations using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).MethodsTwenty patients (11 males [65%] and 9 females [45%]) with malignant lesions (cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC), 1; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 5; colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), 13; and one patient with alveolar echinococcosis) were examined intraoperatively with CEUS. Images were acquired in cine loops, covering the early arterial phase (0-15 s) up to the portal venous phase (1 min). Ablation was performed under real-time ultrasound g…

Configuration-packing synergy enabling integrated crystalline-state RTP and amorphous-state TADF.

A twisted D-π-A molecule, PI-Cz 1, was designed and synthesized using phthalimide as the acceptor, carbazole as the donor, and a phenylene bridge. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed a markedly non-coplanar skeleton. Calculations based on the crystallographic geometry and frontier-orbital analysis indicate that the HOMO and LUMO are localized on the carbazole and phthalimide fragments, respectively, affording a small singlet-triplet energy gap. In the solid state, compound 1 exhibits pronounced phase dependence: powder samples display room-temperature delayed emission with principal band

Enhanced Antitumor Activity and Induction of Immunogenic Cell Death in NUT Carcinoma Cells by Combining Oncolytic Viruses with the Dual Inhibitor NEO2734.

NUT carcinoma (NC) is a rare exceptionally aggressive malignancy, defined by NUTM1 gene translocations, most commonly generating a BRD4::NUTM1 fusion that results in a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Oncolytic virotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for NC, and the dual bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) and p300/CBP inhibitor NEO2734 has demonstrated potent antiproliferative activity. To investigate multimodal therapeutic approaches that combine epigenetic modulation with immunogenic and cytotoxic effects of oncolytic viruses (OVs), we evaluated two recombinan

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… Infection with T-VEC alone resulted in an accumulation of cells in the S phase in all three cell lines, suggesting virus-induced replication stress. However, this effect was not statistically significant. … Combination treatment led to concurrent increases in the G1 fraction relative to T-VEC monotherapy and persistent accumulation in the S phase in the cell lines 143100, 690100, and SNU-3178S. …

SiO2-shelled nano-encapsulated phase change materials for durable thermoregulating Lyocell fibers via dry-jet wet spinning.

Thermoregulating textiles with high durability and energy storage capability are essential for advanced personal thermal management. However, conventional phase change materials (PCMs) incorporated into fibers often suffer from leakage, poor dispersion, and limited washing stability. In this work, SiO2-based nano-encapsulated phase change materials (NEPCMs) with high encapsulation efficiency were synthesized via a sol-gel method and incorporated into Lyocell fibers through a dry-jet wet spinning process. The optimized NEPCMs exhibited uniform particle sizes of 300-450 nm and a high encapsulati

Integrated chiral separation, recognition mechanism and enantioselective pharmacokinetic study of tetrahydrojatrorrhizine enantiomers by HPLC-MS/MS method.

A robust HPLC method employing a polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phase was developed and optimized for the enantiomeric separation of tetrahydrojatrorrhizine. Investigations into the effects of chromatographic conditions on enantiomeric separation revealed that a specific mobile phase, comprising methanol and ammonium acetate solution, significantly enhanced enantioselectivity with a resolution of 1.89 at a lower column temperature. Thermodynamic analysis based on van't Hoff plots was carried out, which demonstrated a clear enthalpy-driven potential for chiral recognition, suggesting bi

Selective recruitment of NAT10-catalyzed ac4C-modified mRNAs into stress granules by poly(A)-binding protein promotes mRNA stability and plant heat-stress tolerance.

Global warming poses a considerable threat to crop production, making heat stress a challenge in agriculture, yet how epitranscriptomic modi … heat stress. In summary, our findings identify a stress-responsive NAT10-PABP-ac4C axis that promotes phase separation to stabilize ac4C-modified mRNAs under heat stress. By recruiting detoxification-related transcripts into stress granules, this axis ensures mRNA stability under environmental stress, offering new insights for enhancing crop stress resili …

Preliminary evidence that serum interleukin-6 is a candidate biomarker of response to esketamine in treatment-resistant depression.

BACKGROUND: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been implicated as a potential predictor of ketamine response in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Esketamine, the S-enantiomer of ketamine, produces rapid antidepressant effects and offers improved safety and intranasal administration. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether baseline IL-6 predicts treatment response to esketamine in individuals with TRD. METHODS: Fourteen adults with TRD received intranasal esketamine twice weekly for 4 weeks, followed by a tapering phase, in a 24-week open-label Phase 2 trial. Depression severity and functional disability wer

Experimental and coupled quasi-linear viscoelastic biphasic modeling of regional and strain-rate dependent tensile behavior in the temporomandibular joint disc.

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a load-bearing fibrocartilaginous articulation that sustains combined tension, compression, and shear. Although the TMJ disc exhibits strong regional and directional heterogeneity, its tensile properties and strain-rate dependence remain insufficiently characterized. Ovine TMJ discs were tested in the anterior, central, and posterior regions along the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions at strain rates of 0.1, 0.5, and 1%/s. Stress–strain curves were quantified, and the time-dependent response was modeled using a coupled quasi-linear visco

Huangqi fuling decoction inhibits the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer via the TNF signaling pathway.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent digestive tract malignancy, and Huangqi Fuling decoction (HF) has shown potential in enhancing immune fun … and promoting BAX expression. Additionally, HF can arrest the cell cycle, blocking AGS cells in the S phase and HGC-27 cells in the G0/G1 phase. This study confirms that HF promotes apoptosis and inhibits metastasis and invasion in GC cells, primarily by modulating the TNF signaling pathway. Additionally, the anti-tumor effects of HF on GC may involve imm …

On the Vapor Pressures, Phase Transitions, and Solid-State Fluorescence of 2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole and 2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole.

Benzazole derivatives exhibit distinctive photophysical behavior due to excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), making them promising candidates for optoelectronic applications such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and fluorescent sensors. Understanding their sublimation energetics, phase behavior, and emissive properties is essential for both fundamental studies and materials design. This article reports an investigation on two benzazole derivatives-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole and 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole (HBO)-through studies of thermal analysis, vapor pressu