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Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation plays a role in relieving cancer pain.

Tumors can invade, compress, and damage nerves, leading to persistent pain and seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. However, their treatment is challenging. Sensitization of peripheral receptors, abnormal activity of primary sensory neurons, activation of glial cells, enhanced inflammatory responses, and sensory information transmission contribute towards cancer pain. Therefore, considerable attention has been paid to exploring prospective methods to inhibit the occurrence of these factors and relieve cancer pain. Studies on different types of pains have revealed that the trans

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… Mesenchymal stem cells enhance nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve repair and hindlimb transplant model. Sci. Rep. 6, 31306. 10.1038/srep31306 Crapnell K., Blaesius R., Hastings A., Lennon D. P., Caplan A. I., Bruder S. P. (2013). …

Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Weakness: Not just Another Muscle Atrophying Condition.

Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) occurs in critically ill patients stemming from the critical illness itself, and results in sustained disability long after the ICU stay. Weakness can be attributed to muscle wasting, impaired contractility, neuropathy, and major pathways associated with muscle protein degradation such as the ubiquitin proteasome system and dysregulated autophagy. Furthermore, it is characterized by the preferential loss of myosin, a distinct feature of the condition. While many risk factors for ICUAW have been identified, effective interventions to offset these ch

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… Compared to hindlimb muscles, severe ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction was speculated to arise from sarcoplasmic reticulum ryanodine receptor remodeling and the abnormal sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ leakage at rest observed in the mechanically ventilated animals [ 52 ]. …

Resveratrol: Molecular Mechanisms, Health Benefits, and Potential Adverse Effects.

Resveratrol (RES), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, has garnered significant attention due to its diverse biological activities, which include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiaging properties. This review synthesizes current evidence concerning the molecular mechanisms, therapeutic efficacy, and safety profile of RES across a variety of pathologies, with an emphasis on the latest research conducted in recent years. Mechanistically, RES is known to modulate critical signaling pathways such as the activation of sirtuin 1. These actions collectively contribute to the attenuati

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… However, contrary to these findings, some studies have reported that despite its antioxidative properties, RES fails to mitigate sarcopenia in aged mice [ 85 ], prevent the loss of plantar muscle mass in old rats subjected to 14 days of hindlimb suspension [ 86 ], or enhance the satellite cell response …

Integumentary System

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Understanding cachexia and muscle dysfunction in the context of metastatic breast cancer.

Cancer cachexia significantly impacts the quality of life of cancer patients, predicting therapy response and survival. Cachexia prevalence and severity increases over the course of disease progression, affecting up to 80% of patients with metastatic cancer. Despite this, cachexia is relatively understudied in the context of metastatic breast cancer, despite it affecting a significant proportion of patients with this common cancer. In this review we highlight the relative prevalence of cachexia in breast cancer, with 25% of all patients and up to half of those with metastatic disease impacted.

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… Similarly, in transgenic KPP pancreatic tumor-bearing mice and LLC lung tumor-bearing mice, macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils in LLC but not KPP were elevated in hindlimb muscles, as measured by flow cytometry [ 111 ]. …

Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide: 30 Years in Research Spotlight and 600 Million Years in Service.

Emerging from the depths of evolution, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptors (i.e., PAC1, VPAC1, VPAC2) are present in multicellular organisms from Tunicates to humans and govern a remarkable number of physiological processes. Consequently, the clinical relevance of PACAP systems spans a multifaceted palette that includes more than 40 disorders. We aimed to present the versatility of PACAP1-38 actions with a focus on three aspects: (1) when PACAP1-38 could be a cause of a malfunction, (2) when PACAP1-38 could be the cure for a malfunction, and (3) when PA

The Glycocalyx and Its Role in Vascular Physiology and Vascular Related Diseases.

PurposeIn 2007 the two senior authors wrote a review on the structure and function of the endothelial glycocalyx layer (Weinbaum in Annu Rev Biomed Eng 9:121-167, 2007). Since then there has been an explosion of interest in this hydrated gel-like structure that coats the luminal surface of endothelial cells that line our vasculature due to its important functions in (A) basic vascular physiology and (B) vascular related diseases. This review will highlight the major advances that have occurred since our 2007 paper.MethodsA literature search mainly focusing on the role of the glycocalyx in the

Cancer Neoaxonogenesis: Mechanisms and Factors Involved in the Recruitment of Peripheral Nerves by Cancer Tissue.

Peripheral nerves provide a direct connection between the brain and the tumor microenvironment. This connection allows the nervous system to influence processes associated with the development, progression, and metastasis of different tumor types. Therefore, tumor innervation by peripheral nerve fibers is currently emerging as a characteristic that contributes to multiple hallmarks of cancer. Several experimental studies have shown that cancer progression involves actively inducing the ingrowth of autonomic and sensory nerve fibers into tumor tissue. In this process, known as neoaxonogenesis,

Abstracts of the 5(th) Cachexia Conference, Barcelona, Spain, December 5-8, 2009.

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Abstracts of the 19th International Congress on Neuromuscular Diseases 7th – 11th July 2026

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Advanced multifunctional thermo- and electro-stimulative hydrogels for bone regeneration.

Bone defects caused by trauma, infection, tumors, osteoporosis, and diabetes disrupt skeletal integrity and impair regeneration. The healing process involves inflammatory hematoma formation, callus development, and remodeling, coordinated by diverse cells and signaling pathways. Conventional grafts and inorganic implants are limited by donor scarcity, immune rejection, and low bioactivity, necessitating more effective repair strategies. Recently, multifunctional smart hydrogels have emerged as a frontier in bone regeneration due to their biocompatibility, tunable structure, and ability to inte

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… . | SD rats, bilateral hindlimb muscle pouches. | / | [ 57 ] CS/PCL/BP/PDA@Ag | BP | Elastic modulus:1.61 ± 0.15 Mpa | 808 nm; 0.75 W cm −2 | 5.5min | 42.1 °C | BP nanosheets offer strong photothermal conversion and promote cellular biomineralization. …

Hematopoietic Tumors

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Neutrophil extracellular traps in homeostasis and disease.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), crucial in immune defense mechanisms, are renowned for their propensity to expel decondensed chromatin embedded with inflammatory proteins. Our comprehension of NETs in pathogen clearance, immune regulation and disease pathogenesis, has grown significantly in recent years. NETs are not only pivotal in the context of infections but also exhibit significant involvement in sterile inflammation. Evidence suggests that excessive accumulation of NETs can result in vessel occlusion, tissue damage, and prolonged inflammatory responses, thereby contributing to the

Биология и болезни крыс

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… The bones of the hindlimb are the femur, the tibia, and the fibula, which articulates proximally with the tibia but is fused distally. The tarsus is composed of eight bones ( Greene, 1963 ). Digestive System The dental formula of the rat is 2(I 1/1, C 0/0, PM 0/0, M 3/3). …

Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in Health and Disease.

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a population of evolutionarily conserved, unconventional innate-like T lymphocytes that are restricted by major histocompatibility complex Class I-related (MR1) molecules. They can be activated either in a T-cell receptor-MR1- or cytokine-dependent manner. Activated MAIT cells play crucial roles in maintaining homeostasis and the fine regulation of the immune system. This review presents a systematic exploration of the development, biological characteristics, and multiple effects of MAIT cells in health and various diseases. In healthy individual

Ход работы 34th Симпозиум ESVN-ECVN 23rd-24th сентябрь 2022.

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MicroRNA-7: a versatile player and core target in brain disorders.

OBJECTIVE: This article provides a systematic review of the biological characteristics, regulatory mechanisms, and roles of MicroRNA-7 (miR-7) in the nervous system, as well as explores its clinical translation potential and challenges. METHODS: A review analysis integrating the progress of basic and clinical research related to miR-7. RESULTS: Characteristics and Regulation: miR-7 is highly expressed in mammalian brain tissues, with its function finely regulated by ceRNA networks (such as ciRS-7 and lncRNA SNHG1) and epigenetic modifications, forming a multi-layer dynamic regulatory system.

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… For example, in a spinal cord injury (SCI) model, AAV1-mediated overexpression of miR-7 improves hindlimb motor function by protecting neuronal survival and promoting axonal regeneration [ 44 ]. …

АКНП 60th Ежегодное совещание: выдержки из плакатов P276 - P550.

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RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS OF THE 34th ECVIM-CA CONGRESS.

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Резюме научных материалов, представленных ГКОМ 2019 : Берлин, Германия. 27 - 30 Март 2019

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