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Micronutrient Status and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, at the same time being one of the most prevalent causes of women's death. Many factors such as alcohol, weight fluctuations, or hormonal replacement therapy can potentially contribute to breast cancer development and progression. Another important factor in breast cancer onset includes micronutrient status. In this narrative review, we analyzed 23 micronutrients and their possible influence on breast cancer onset and progression. Further, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of micronutrient status on the prevention of b

Transforming cancer immunotherapy: integration of distinct immune-based approaches as redefined dual immunotherapy with potential third-sensitizer.

This review introduces a paradigm-shifting concept of Dual Distinct Immunotherapy (DDI), which strategically integrates two distinct immunotherapeutic modalities to overcome the limitations of current monotherapies and dual immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combinations. The concept of DDI extends beyond traditional ICI combinations to encompass various innovative pairings: ICIs with oncolytic viruses (OVs), adoptive cell therapies (CAR-T/TIL), cancer vaccines, or cytokine therapies. These combinations demonstrate unique synergistic mechanisms and enhanced therapeutic potential through multi-f

Primary tumours of the calcaneus.

The calcaneus is a rare location for the occurrence and development of primary tumour types. Clinicians are unfamiliar with calcaneal tumour types, which may result in a delay in diagnosis or a missed diagnosis, resulting in unnecessary morbidity and amputation. Heel pain and localized swelling of the ankle are the most common symptoms. X-ray is the first choice for a tentative diagnosis of a calcaneal tumour. The final diagnosis depends on a histological examination. The treatment of calcaneal tumour types varies depending on the Enneking system. The majority of patients with benign tumours h

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… JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2012;52:130–132. 71. Roberts EJ, Meier MJ, Hild G, Masadeh S, Hardy M, Bakotic BW. Chondromyxoid fibroma of the calcaneus: Two case reports and literature review. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2013;52:643–649. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2013.02.014. 72. Jamshidi K, Mazhar FN, Yahyazadeh H. …

Selected Abstracts from the 13th Annual Meeting of the Clinical Immunology Society: 2022 Annual Meeting: Immune Deficiency and Dysregulation North American Conference

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Карвацоль Ойл как нейропоохранный агент: обзор дизайна исследований и последних достижений.

Нейродегенеративные заболевания в основном воспринимаются как болезни стареющего населения, однако сегодня в день эти заболевания представляют угрозу для населения всех возрастных групп, несмотря на значительное улучшение качества жизни. Согласно сообщениям, почти все основные масла (ЭО) обладают определенными нейрозащитными способностями и на протяжении столетий использовались в качестве добавок к хорошему психическому здоровью. Этот обзор свидетельствует о терапевтическом потенциале одного такого монотерпенового фенола, карвакрула (CV), который может быть использован в качестве основного тер

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… EOs are manufactured at a yearly rate of over 70,000 metric tonnes in several countries including the USA, Brazil, India, China, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Egypt, Malaysia, France, Spain, Italy, Australia, Germany, and Russia. …

The critical role of γ-secretase and its inhibitors in cancer and cancer therapeutics.

As a multi-substrate transmembrane protease, γ-secretase exists widely in various cells. It controls multiple important cellular activities through substrate cleavage. γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) play a role in cancer inhibition by blocking Notch cleavage, and are considered as potential therapeutic strategies for cancer. Currently, GSIs have encouraging performance in preclinical models, yet this success does not translate well in clinical trials. In recent years, a number of breakthrough discoveries have shown us the promise of targeting γ-secretase for the treatment of cancer. Here, we in

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… O'Rourke CJ, Matter MS, Nepal C, Caetano-Oliveira R, Ton PT, Factor VM, Andersen JB. Identification of a Pan-Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor Response Signature for Notch-Driven Cholangiocarcinoma. HEPATOLOGY. 2020;71(1):196–213. doi: 10.1002/hep.30816. 29. …

Understanding and Managing Sepsis in Patients With Cancer in the Era of Antimicrobial Resistance.

Sepsis is a frequent complication in immunosuppressed cancer patients and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients that is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The worldwide emergence of antimicrobial resistance is of special concern in this population because any delay in starting adequate empirical antibiotic therapy can lead to poor outcomes. In this review, we aim to address: (1) the mechanisms involved in the development of sepsis and septic shock in these patients; (2) the risk factors associated with a worse prognosis; (3) the impact of adequate initial empirical ant

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… Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as markers of bacteremia in patients with febrile neutropenia who receive chemotherapy for acute leukemia: a prospective study from Nepal. J Glob Oncol. (2019) 5:1–6. 10.1200/JGO.19.00147 104. Blouin AG, Hsu M, Fleisher M, Ramanathan LV, Pastores SM. …

Е-постеры.

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Overview of Ayurveda and Ashwagandha: Bioactive Phytochemicals and Potential Applications to Gliomas.

Ayurveda is the traditional medical system of India and has been in use for more than 5000 years. The focus of Ayurveda is to maintain harmony and balance of the three Doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha), or life forces, that govern the physiology and health of each individual. Ashwagandha is considered one of the most useful plants in the Ayurvedic system for various illnesses, including cancer. Ethnopharmacological and phytochemical analyses have been elucidating the bioactive compounds in ashwagandha that mediate the anti-cancer effects. The most bioactive compounds appear to be the withanolides, i

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… Traditional medicines of India and Nepal: Ayurveda and Siddha Fundamentals of Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Medicine 6th ed. Micozzi M.S. Elsevier St. Louis, MO, USA 2018 Volume 36 591 615 2. Lad V. …

Ход работы сессии 31st Европейский педиатрический конгресс по педиатрии: часть 2.

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Community-based adaptation of early adolescent skills for emotions for urban adolescents and caregivers in New York City.

An increasing number of studies have sought to explore the applicability of scalable mental health interventions to bridge the adolescent mental health treatment gap. This study aimed to adapt the World Health Organization's mental health intervention Early Adolescent Skills for Emotion (EASE) for urban communities in New York City (NYC). Following the mental health Cultural Adaptation and Contextualization for Implementation framework and in collaboration with three Brooklyn community-based organizations and the NYC Mayor's Office of Community Mental Health, the intervention was intensively w

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… Jordans MJD, Kohrt BA, Sangraula M, Turner EL, Wang X, Shrestha P, Ghimire R, Hof E v’t, Bryant RA, Dawson KS, Marahatta K, Luitel NP and Ommeren M v (2021) Effectiveness of group problem management plus, a brief psychological intervention for adults affected by humanitarian disasters in Nepal: A cluster …

Knowledge, Willingness, and Preferences of Glaucoma Patients on Telemedicine and Vision Centres in South India.

INTRODUCTION: Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness, affects 80 million people globally, is projected to surpass 111 million by 2040. In India, limited availability of ophthalmologists, especially in rural areas, limits glaucoma care. Telemedicine bridges this gap by enabling remote consultations, reducing travel-related barriers and improving access to specialist services. A tertiary eye care centre in South India operates over 100 vision centres (VCs), providing primary eye care through telemedicine. However, evidence regarding glaucoma patients' acceptance remain limited, part

Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness in Diabetes Mellitus without Diabetic Retinopathy.

INTRODUCTION: Diabetic retinopathy is on the rise and understanding mechanisms of retinal neurodegeneration in diabetes mellitus will help in halting retinopathy. OBJECTIVE: The study was done to assess the retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell complex thickness in type two diabetes mellitus without clinically evident vascular retinopathy and compare them with the normal population to understand the early neurodegenerative changes. METHODOLOGY: This was a hospital-based, prospective, observational study conducted in South India from 2022 May to 2023 March. This study included one hundr

Real-world Outcomes and Predictors of Vision Loss after Panretinal Photocoagulation for Diabetic Retinopathy: Five-year Follow-up.

INTRODUCTION: Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of vision loss in Fiji, where treatment options beyond panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) remain limited. In this context, evaluating longterm outcomes of PRP can provide critical insights in patient management. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate real-world long-term outcomes and predictors of vision loss following PRP for severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in a resource-constrained setting. METHODOLOGY: Retrospective study was done using five-year follow-up data of eyes treated exclusively

Ocular Biometric Changes Following Scleral Buckle Surgery for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

INTRODUCTION: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is separation of neurosensory retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelium, due to full-thickness retinal breaks. Scleral Buckling (SB) is extraocular procedure done to reattach retina by counteracting vitreoretinal traction and altering globe's geometry. OBJECTIVE: To study various ocular changes and visual outcomes after buckling among patients of RRD. METHODOLOGY: A longitudinal observational study was conducted with prospective data collection in a tertiary health care centre from 2019 November to 2021 December after ethical clearance. It in

Efficacy of 0.01% Atropine for Myopia Progression in Children Aged 5 Years to 16 Years.

INTRODUCTION: Myopia is an increasingly prevalent global public health concern, particularly among children, with potential long-term visual complications. Low-dose atropine has emerged as promising pharmacological intervention for controlling myopia progression. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 0.01% atropine eye drops in controlling myopia progression in children over one year. METHODOLOGY: A placebo-controlled, interventional study was conducted for one year in ophthalmology department of a tertiary care centre. A total of 189 eyes (95 participants) were included in treat

Externalised Haptic of a Tilted Scleral-fixated Intraocular Lens: A Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: Implantation of scleral-fixated intraocular lens (SFIOL) has become a common technique done in the recent times when there is inadequate support of the posterior capsular bag. As this technique of SFIOL implantation needs good expertise when performed, if not done properly it may result in several post-operative complications which may require a re-surgery that delays the patient's visual recovery. One such post-operative complication is haptic exposure in the post-operative period which is reported in this case report. This case report stresses on the importance of correct surgi

Factors Associated with Primary Open-angle Glaucoma in a Nepali Population: Jiri Eye Study.

INTRODUCTION: Glaucoma is the second most common cause of blindness with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) as one of the leading causes. OBJECTIVE: To study the ocular and systemic associated factors that lead to the development of primary open-angle glaucoma Methodology: This is population-based, analytical cross-sectional, oculo-genetic study conducted from 2015 to 2018. Among the total 2042 study participants ≥18 years of age, included using convenience sampling, 37 were diagnosed with POAG. For comparative analysis, age and gender matched controls without glaucoma were selected in a 1:4

Bleb-related Infection following Trabeculectomy.

INTRODUCTION: Bleb-related endophthalmitis after trabeculectomy is a rare but sight threatening complication. Thin walled blebs, occurring after adjunctive use of antimetabolite like mitomycin C and 5-flurouracil, is an important risk factor for bleb-related infections. CASE: Forty-five years old one-eyed male had undergone trabeculectomy in past, had presented with diminution of vision, pain, photophobia in his seeing eye. OBSERVATION: On examination, best corrected visual acuity was 5/60, thin walled avascular bleb with congested conjunctiva, minimal hypopyon, pupil had fibrinous exudate a