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Cancer Neoaxonogenesis: Mechanisms and Factors Involved in the Recruitment of Peripheral Nerves by Cancer Tissue.

Peripheral nerves provide a direct connection between the brain and the tumor microenvironment. This connection allows the nervous system to influence processes associated with the development, progression, and metastasis of different tumor types. Therefore, tumor innervation by peripheral nerve fibers is currently emerging as a characteristic that contributes to multiple hallmarks of cancer. Several experimental studies have shown that cancer progression involves actively inducing the ingrowth of autonomic and sensory nerve fibers into tumor tissue. In this process, known as neoaxonogenesis,

From post-war reconstruction to the twenty-first century - ophthalmic pathology in Freiburg 1945-2015. Part 2: review of 43,169 histological diagnoses from 39,256 specimens collected over 71 years at a large German tertiary eye care centre.

BACKGROUND: Ophthalmic pathology is essential for diagnosing ocular diseases, correlating clinical and histopathological findings, and advancing research. The Eye Center at the University of Freiburg, Germany, has archived histopathological specimens since 1945, offering a unique resource to analyse long-term diagnostic trends. This study examines 43,169 diagnoses from 39,256 specimens over 71 years (1945–2015), providing insights into the evolution of ophthalmic pathology at a major tertiary care centre. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of all archived ophthalmic pathology repor

Immunomodulatory Nanosystems.

Immunotherapy has emerged as an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of a variety of diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Immunomodulatory nanosystems can readily improve the therapeutic effects and simultaneously overcome many obstacles facing the treatment method, such as inadequate immune stimulation, off-target side effects, and bioactivity loss of immune agents during circulation. In recent years, researchers have continuously developed nanomaterials with new structures, properties, and functions. This Review provi

KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline on the Evaluation and Care of Living Kidney Donors.

The 2017 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline on the Evaluation and Care of Living Kidney Donors is intended to assist medical professionals who evaluate living kidney donor candidates and provide care before, during and after donation. The guideline development process followed the Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach and guideline recommendations are based on systematic reviews of relevant studies that included critical appraisal of the quality of the evidence and the strength of recommendations. However, m

Поэтапное сокращение сотрудничества между людьми.

Сотрудничество между людьми носит динамичный характер и зачастую сокращается даже при наличии благоприятных условий conditions1-4. Многие из существующих теорий объясняют уменьшение масштабов сотрудничества с точки зрения стратегического поведения или обучения, сформулированного как свидетельство рационального поведения или продвижения в направлении rationality5-9. Здесь мы показываем, что одним из ключевых источников долгосрочного спада являются отклонения от рационального поведения, которые систематически меняются с течением времени. Мы анализируем естественную социальную дилемму на местах,

Cancer-Associated Thrombosis in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

The incidence of cancer-associated thrombosis has increased in recent years. While the association between venous thromboembolism (VTE) and chemotherapy is well established, there is no clear link between immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and VTE risk. Many risk assessment models (RAMs) have been developed to identify high-risk patients who need prophylaxis. However, these models are validated in patients undergoing chemotherapy, while they are scarce in those receiving immunotherapy. Moreover, the mechanisms linking ICIs to thrombosis are still a matter of debate. They include the upregulat

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… Wills J. Kelly D. Farina M. Cordner K.B. Genomic profiling identifies somatic mutations predicting thromboembolic risk in patients with solid tumors Blood 2021 137 2103 2113 10.1182/blood.2020007488 33270827 PMC8057259 90. Doubre H. Monnet I. Azarian R. Girard F. Meyer G. Trichereau J. …

A New Paradigm for Pediatric AML: Improving the Pipeline for Treatments Targeting Cytogenetic and Molecular Alterations.

Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy, with cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities playing a critical role in determining prognosis and guiding treatment decisions. Despite therapeutic advances, patients with high-risk genetic mutations and translocations continue to experience suboptimal outcomes. As new targeted therapies emerge, the treatment of pediatric AML could undergo a paradigm shift, where "one-size-fits-all" chemotherapy is no longer the only frontline approach. Identifying genetic markers inform risk stratification and have greater impact on s

Rediscovering hemostasis abnormalities in multiple myeloma: The new era.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy arisen from the abnormal proliferation of clonal plasma cells. It has a high risk of developing bleeding and thrombotic complications, which are related to poor prognosis and decreased survival. Multiple factors are involved in the breaking of the hemostasis balance, including disease specific factors, patient-specific factors, and drug factors that change pro-and anticoagulant and fibrinolysis. Recently, with the introduction of new treatments such as monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor modified T-cell therapy, antibody-drug conjugates direct

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… Wills J. Kelly D. Farina M. Cordner K.B. Park Y. Kishore S. Juluru K. Iyengar N.M. Levine R.L. Zehir A. Park W. Khorana A.A. Soff G.A. Mantha S. …

Belantamab Mafodotin: From Clinical Trials Data to Real-Life Experiences.

Despite the recent approval of novel immunotherapies, such as immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, Multiple Myeloma (MM) remains incurable, and the acquisition of triple-refractoriness leads to really dismal outcomes in even earlier lines of therapy. More recently, innovative therapeutic strategies targeting B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), highly expressed on the plasma cell surface, are drawing different future landscapes in terms of effectiveness and outcomes. Belantamab Mafodotin, a first-in-class anti-BCMA antibody-drug conjugate, demonstrate

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… Wills B. Lesokhin A.M. Monoclonal Antibodies in Multiple Myeloma: Current and Emerging Targets and Mechanisms of Action Best Pract. Res. Clin. Haematol. 2020 33 101143 10.1016/j.beha.2020.101143 32139009 PMC7060936 4. Kumar S.K. Therneau T.M. Gertz M.A. Lacy M.Q. Dispenzieri A. Rajkumar S.V. …

Review and Updates on Systemic Mastocytosis and Related Entities.

Mast cell disorders range from benign proliferations to systemic diseases that cause anaphylaxis and other diverse symptoms to mast cell neoplasms with varied clinical outcomes. Mastocytosis is the pathologic process of the accumulation of abnormal mast cells in different organs, mostly driven by KIT mutations, and can present as cutaneous mastocytosis, systemic mastocytosis (SM), and mast cell sarcoma. The WHO 5th edition classification divides systemic mastocytosis into bone marrow mastocytosis, indolent systemic mastocytosis, smoldering systemic mastocytosis, aggressive systemic mastocytosi

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… Ryan R.J., Akin C., Castells M., Wills M., Selig M.K., Nielsen G.P., Ferry J.A., Hornick J.L. Mast cell sarcoma: A rare and potentially under-recognized diagnostic entity with specific therapeutic implications. Mod. Pathol. 2013;26:533–543. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2012.199. 96. …

Toward fully exploiting the therapeutic potential of marketed pharmaceuticals: the use of octreotide and chloroquine in oncology.

Pleiotropy in biological systems and their targeting allows many pharmaceuticals to be used for multiple therapeutic purposes. Fully exploiting the therapeutic properties of drugs that are already marketed would be highly advantageous. This is especially the case in the field of oncology, where the ineffectiveness of typical anticancer agents is a common issue, while the development of novel anticancer agents is a costly and particularly time-consuming process. Octreotide and chloroquine are two pharmaceuticals that exhibit profound antitumorigenic activities. However, the current therapeutic

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… medulloblastomas Cancer Res 2001 61 19 7039 7043 11585731 105 Luo W Zou H Jin L Axin contains three separable domains that confer intramolecular, homodimeric, and heterodimeric interactions involved in distinct functions J Biol Chem 2005 280 6 5054 5060 15579909 10.1074/jbc.M412340200 106 Credle JJ George JL Wills …

Exploring the implementation of patient-reported outcome measures in cancer care: need for more real-world evidence results in the peer reviewed literature.

BackgroundTo explore the existing evidence of the real-world implementation of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in oncology clinical practice and address two aims: (1) summarize available evidence of PRO use in clinical practice using a framework based on the International Society for Quality of Life Research (ISOQOL) PRO Implementation Guide; and (2) describe reports of real-world, standardized PRO administration in oncology conducted outside of scope of a research study.MethodsA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was developed to guide the sy

2021 ACMT Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts-Virtual.

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What Is Precision Psychotherapy?

Precision medicine impacts virtually all medical specializations, including psychiatry. Although precision psychiatry, in general, is a flourishing area of research and debate, psychotherapy as one pillar of psychiatry receives little attention. Theoretical discussions about precision psychotherapy are rare; research on precision in psychotherapy is just evolving. In this paper, we provide a conceptualization of precision psychotherapy providing a common idea of what should be understood as precision in the context of psychotherapy and what kind of psychotherapy research is considered to contr

Existing and emerging strategies for fertility preservation in female patients with leukemia.

Leukemia, the most common malignancy in childhood, affects individuals from prepubertal girl to women of reproductive age. It originates from immature hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow and disseminates systemically via the blood and lymphatic circulations. Although survival rates have improved substantially, standard treatments, including intensive chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, often combined with total body irradiation, are highly gonadotoxic. Consequently, a significant proportion of survivors experience long-term endocrine dysfunction and infertility, with f

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… PMID: 30992266 PMC6598379 87 Wills C Cherian S Yousef J Wang K Mackley HB . Total body irradiation: a practical review . Appl Radiat Oncol . ( 2016 ) 5 : 11–7 . doi: 10.37549/aro1097 88 Kim SY Nair DM Romero M Serna VA Koleske AJ Woodruff TK . …

Differential Diagnosis and Therapeutic Advances in Multiple Myeloma: A Review Article.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells that may result in focal bone lesions, renal failure, anemia, and/or hypercalcemia. Recently, the diagnosis and treatment of MM have evolved due to a better understanding of disease pathophysiology, improved risk stratification, and new treatments. The incorporation of new drugs, including proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, anti-CD38 antibodies and high-dose chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, has resulted in a significant improvement in

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… Wudhikarn K, Wills B, Lesokhin AM. Monoclonal antibodies in multiple myeloma: current and emerging targets and mechanisms of action. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol . 2020;33(1):101143. doi: 10.1016/j.beha.2020.101143 113. Seckinger A, Delgado JA, Moser S, et al. …

Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs), Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) and Their Interplay with Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs): A New World of Targets and Treatments.

The importance of defining new molecules to fight cancer is of significant interest to the scientific community. In particular, it has been shown that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cells within tumors with capabilities of self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity; on the other side, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) seem to split away from the primary tumor and appear in the circulatory system as singular units or clusters. It is becoming more and more important to discover new biomarkers related to these populations of cells in combination to define the network am

Poster Abstracts

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The cross talk of ubiquitination and chemotherapy tolerance in colorectal cancer.

Ubiquitination, a highly adaptable post-translational modification, plays a pivotal role in maintaining cellular protein homeostasis, encompassing cancer chemoresistance-associated proteins. Recent findings have indicated a potential correlation between perturbations in the ubiquitination process and the emergence of drug resistance in CRC cancer. Consequently, numerous studies have spurred the advancement of compounds specifically designed to target ubiquitinates, offering promising prospects for cancer therapy. In this review, we highlight the role of ubiquitination enzymes associated with c

Phage Display Derived Monoclonal Antibodies: From Bench to Bedside.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become one of the most important classes of biopharmaceutical products, and they continue to dominate the universe of biopharmaceutical markets in terms of approval and sales. They are the most profitable single product class, where they represent six of the top ten selling drugs. At the beginning of the 1990s, an in vitro antibody selection technology known as antibody phage display was developed by John McCafferty and Sir. Gregory Winter that enabled the discovery of human antibodies for diverse applications, particularly antibody-based drugs. They created c