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Stoma irrigation among patients with a permanent colostoma-a cross-sectional survey of stoma care nurses in Austria and Germany.

BACKGROUND: Colostomy irrigation is a well-established technique used for bowel management in patients with a permanent, left-sided colostomy. When performed routinely every 24-48 hours, it enables stool-free intervals, often allowing the use of only a stoma cap or simple dressing. Scientific evidence has shown significant improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for patients using this method. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the current application of colostomy irrigation in Germany and Austria and to identify reasons for its limited use, despite known benefits. A specific fo…

Increased incidence of human West Nile and Usutu infections in Austria, 2024: analysis of data from 2009 to 2024.

BACKGROUNDWest Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) outbreaks in Europe pose growing public health concerns. In Austria, human WNV and USUV infections occur nearly every year since 2009 with notable case number variations.AIMWe analysed annual incidences and spatiotemporal distributions of human WNV and USUV infections in Austria in 2009-2024.METHODSAnnual incidence rates of laboratory-confirmed WNV and USUV cases recorded through the national surveillance were calculated, stratified by age, sex, clinical presentation, exposure place and virus sequence.RESULTSDuring 2009-2024, recorded case…

Widespread circulation of Alongshan virus in Austria and serological evidence for infection in humans: a nationwide molecular and serological observational study.

BACKGROUND: Alongshan virus, a segmented RNA virus in the Jingmenvirus group of flaviviruses, was first identified in 2017 in China in patients with tick-borne encephalitis-like illness. Alongshan virus has since been detected in ticks and mammals in several European countries. In this study, we aimed to characterise the temporal and geographical distribution of Alongshan virus in Austria through nationwide tick surveillance combined with serological and molecular screening in individuals with suspected tick-borne encephalitis or tick exposure. METHODS: In this nationwide molecular and serolo…

Использование подкожного дородового ухода - окончательные результаты невмешательского, наблюдательного исследования (SISTER) в Германии и Австрии.

Натальизумаб является лекарственной терапией для пациентов с повторно излучающимся множественным склерозом (RRMS). Помимо его первоначальной формы внутривенного (IV) использования был утвержден подкожный (SC) маршрут управления (ROA) 2021. Впоследствии в Германии и Австрии было начато исследование с целью получения реальных данных об использовании, предпочтениях пациентов, безопасности и эффективности врачебной практики. ЦЕЛИ: Основная цель заключалась в том, чтобы сравнить предпочтения пациентов в пользу РВ и удовлетворенность с СО. IV Натенизумаб на базовом уровне и до 12 месяцев лечения. Вт

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Natalizumab is a disease-modifying therapy for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). In addition to its original intravenous (IV) formulation, a subcutaneous (SC) route of administration (RoA) was approved in 2021. Subsequently, the observational SISTER study was initiated in Germany and Austria to generate real-world data …

Approaches to Invasive Fungal Diseases in Paediatric Cancer Centres: An Analysis of Current Practices and Challenges in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.

BACKGROUND: Invasive fungal diseases (IFD) pose significant challenges in paediatric oncology. Their management is complicated by limited paediatric-specific evidence, lack of standardised protocols and variability in resources across centres. This study assessed current practices and addressed the challenges in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of IFDs in paediatric oncology centres across Germany, Austria and Switzerland. METHODS: A questionnaire was distributed to senior paediatric oncologists in 70 paediatric oncology centres across Germany, Austria and Switzerland, gathering data o…

The mystery of the "air-dried chaplain" solved: the life and "afterlife" of an unusual human mummy from eighteenth century Austria.

The multidisciplinary study of the well preserved cadaver of the so-called "air-dried chaplain" from the church crypt of St. Thomas am Blasenstein (Upper Austria) not only solved the "mystery" of the excellent preservation of the trunk of this unusual mummified human body, but also provided circumstantial information about this historic individual, his life and disease history, and conclusion of his cause of death. The mummy of a 35-45 year old male, radiocarbon dated to the period 1730-1780 CE is most likely that of the local aristocratic parish vicar Franz Xaver Sidler von Rosenegg who had b…

Persistence in time: the hunt for Bacillus anthracis at a historic tannery site in Austria reveals genetic diversity thought extinct.

UNLABELLED: Identifying and analyzing historic anthrax loci may provide a treasure trove to fill in the gaps of persistence in time and genetic diversity of Bacillus anthracis. In countries where anthrax has become a disease of the past, detailed knowledge of the exact location and stability of spores in soil reservoirs is limited. Reviewing archival records may provide valuable clues to unearthing such forgotten sites. Knowledge of anthrax diversity in Austria is scarce, as the only available isolates-originating from the last outbreak in Austria in 1988-cluster in the B.Br.004 (CNEVA) canoni…

The changing epidemiology of human leishmaniasis in the non-endemic country of Austria between 2000 to 2021, including a congenital case.

BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is caused by infection with intracellular protozoans of the genus Leishmania. Transmission occurs predominantly by the bite of phlebotomine sandflies, other routes, including congenital transmission, are rare. The disease manifests as either cutaneous, visceral or mucosal/mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. In recent years, changes in the epidemiological pattern have been reported from Europe. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A total of 311 new and 29 published leishmaniasis cases occurring between 01/01/2000 and 12/31/2021 in Austria were collected and analyzed. These encompassed 146 c…

Support towards the end of life and beyond: Non-kin care commitment for older people living alone in Austria.

Non-kin carers provide vital resources for older people living alone with increasing care needs, especially if they cannot rely on the support of family members. However, this kind of commitment presents numerous challenges throughout the care trajectory and beyond. To explore these aspects in more depth, a qualitative study was designed including a retrospective interpretation of interview data with non-kin carers (n = 15) and additional in-depth interviews (n = 8) with people who had cared for an older person living alone with no family nearby. Analyses of the verbatim transcriptions followe

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in healthy blood donors from the state of Tyrol, Austria, in summer 2020.

BACKGROUND: Seroepidemiological studies provide important insight into the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV‑2) in our society. We aimed to determine seropositivity of SARS-CoV‑2 antibodies and its cross-sectional correlates in a large cohort of blood donors. METHODS: In this observational cohort study, we tested healthy blood donors residing in Tyrol, Austria, for SARS-CoV‑2 antibodies using the Abbott SARS-CoV‑2 IgG chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. We estimated 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of seroprevalences using bootstrapping and tested fo…

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) prevalence in Austria is low but causes considerable morbidity due to fast progression to cirrhosis.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis D virus (HDV) coinfection aggravates the course of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The prevalence of HDV in Austria is unknown. OBJECTIVE: This national study aimed at (i) recording the prevalence of HDV-infection in Austria and (ii) characterizing the "active" HDV cohort in Austria. METHODS: A total of 10 hepatitis treatment centers in Austria participated in this multicenter study and retrospectively collected their HDV patients between Q1/2010 and Q4/2020. Positive anti-HDV and/or HDV-RNA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were retrieved from local database queries. Di…

Patients with BRAF-Mutant Advanced/Metastatic Melanoma: Original Research on the Treatment Reality in Germany and Austria in the Era of Choice.

INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of skin neoplasms and represents a major cause of neoplastic or cancer death in Europe. Without adequate therapy, the 5-year survival rate is 15% when the disease metastasizes to distant organs. The objective of our study was to evaluate the status quo of the current treatment standards in stage IV melanoma and rationale for therapy decisions in Germany and Austria between January 2016 and September 2018. METHODS: In this retrospective, anonymized registry, data of male and female patients with unresectable advanced/metastat…

[Comparative Cost Effectiveness of Clostridium Histolyticum Collagenase (Xiapex®) and Partial Fasciectomy for the Treatment of Dupuytren's Contracture in Austria].

INTRODUCTION: Since Dupuytren's contracture is a common disorder, the costs for its surgical treatment impose a considerable burden on the healthcare system. For the first time in the German-speaking area, this study aimed to provide a comparative cost-effectiveness analysis for partial fasciectomy vs. treatment with Clostridium histolyticum collagenase (CCH). METHODS: A retrospective monocentric study of the period from 2012 to 2014 comprised 40 patients with previously untreated Dupuytren's contracture of one finger. 20 outpatients received one CCH treatment (Group 1), while 20 inpatients u

Sleep habits and sleep complaints in Austria: current self-reported data on sleep behaviour, sleep disturbances and their treatment.

OBJECTIVES: To acquire current information on sleep habits, disturbances and treatment options in the adult population of Austria and compare results with previously collected data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A representative sample of the Austrian population (women: n = 522, men: n = 478). RESULTS: Seventy-five percent reported daily sleep-duration between 6 and 8 h. In 76%, sleep latency was <30 min, 15% described difficulties in sleep maintenance. Longer sleep on weekends was prevalent in 54%, 23% took a nap. Concerning sleep environment, 31% reported sleeping alone; the rest had a constant o…

Detection and molecular analysis of West Nile virus infections in birds of prey in the eastern part of Austria in 2008 and 2009.

The emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) was expected in Austria since the initial discovery of the infection in neighbouring Hungary in 2003/2004. In 2008 six cases of West Nile disease were diagnosed at the Institute for Veterinary Disease Control Mödling, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), involving five goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) and one gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus), which were found dead in the eastern Austrian federal states of Lower Austria, Vienna and Styria, respectively. Pathomorphological and immunohistochemical findings suggested a WNV infection. Virus was isolated…

Identification of RHD alleles with the potential of anti-D immunization among seemingly D- blood donors in Upper Austria.

BACKGROUND: Aberrant RHD alleles leading to a reduced expression of D antigen on the red blood cell (RBC) surface may be mistyped as D- by s … d as D+. Those samples were reliably amplified by RHD Exon 7 PCR; therefore, its usage in the Upper Austrian population is recommended. The association of the weak D type 4.3 samples with a ce leads to the policy that all apparently D- donors should be tested with genotyping methods; otherwise, potentially immunogenic RHD alleles may be overseen.

Serological evidence of continuing high Usutu virus (Flaviviridae) activity and establishment of herd immunity in wild birds in Austria.

Usutu virus (USUV), family Flaviviridae, has been responsible for avian mortality in Austria from 2001 to 2006. The proportion of USUV-positive individuals among the investigated dead birds decreased dramatically after 2004. To test the hypothesis that establishment of herd immunity might be responsible, serological examinations of susceptible wild birds were performed. Blood samples of 442 wild birds of 55 species were collected in 4 consecutive years (2003--2006). In addition, 86 individuals from a birds of prey rehabilitation centre were bled before, at the peak, and after the 2005 USUV tra…

High-frequency of quinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Austria with a common pattern of triple mutations in GyrA and ParC genes.

OBJECTIVE: Quinolones have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and are widely used for the treatment of uncomplicated Neisseria gonor … ONS: Our data indicate that the pattern of mutations in GyrA and ParC subunits of N. gonorrhoeae in Austria differs from that reported from other geographic areas. The differences may either be the result of the difference in bacterial subtypes or various antibiotic regimens used in these regions.

Epidemiological data of cryptococcosis in Austria, Germany and Switzerland: part of the ECMM survey in Europe. European Confederation of Medical Mycology.

The data raised for Cryptococcus neoformans and cryptococcosis in Austria, Germany and Switzerland during the period from July 1997 to December 1999 are presented and analysed according to the epidemiological criteria. This is part of the ECMM survey in Europe.