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Fallopian tube obstruction as a sequela to Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

The association of tubal infertility and ectopic pregnancy with Chlamydia trachomatis infection was investigated using a case-control study design. Although culture methods failed to document active chlamydial infection in the majority of cases, serology revealed a significant association of Chlamydia trachomatis antibody with tubal infertility and ectopic pregnancy. Thirteen of 18 (72%) women with tubal factor infertility and 18 of 32 (56%) women with ectopic pregnancy had antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis as compared to 11 of 49 (22%) normal pregnant controls. Interestingly, only 7 of 18 (…

Seroepidemiology of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in infertile women in Melbourne.

A serological study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of antibody to Chlamydia trachomatis in women and to investigate any possible role of the organism in infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease. Thirty-seven per cent of pregnant women were found to have antibodies to Chl. trachomatis, as were 69% of women with pelvic inflammatory disease. Eighty-five per cent of women who were infertile due to inflammatory tubal damage and 78% who were infertile secondary to ectopic pregnancy had antibody as compared with 56% of women who were infertile for other reasons. Sperm bank donors and c…

Interaction of Chlamydia trachomatis with human genital epithelium in culture.

Primary cultures of human endometrial and ectocervical epithelial cells were examined as a new model system to study genital infection by Chlamydia trachomatis. Initial studies demonstrated that these cells were indeed susceptible to chlamydial infection. Inocula, adjusted to produce inclusions in 50 to 80% of equivalent numbers of standard McCoy cells, resulted in infection rates of approximately 15 to 30% for the columnar cells of the endometrium and 5 to 10% for the squamous cells of the ectocervix. Exposure of cultures to DEAE-dextran and centrifugation-assisted inoculation, manipulations …

Salpingitis in mice induced by human strains of Chlamydia trachomatis.

Human strains of Chlamydia trachomatis were inoculated unilaterally into the genital tracts of female TO, CBA, CBA/nu and C3H mice via the intrauterine route or under the ovarian bursa. Inflammatory changes were not seen in the oviducts or uterus of mice given two laboratory-adapted LGV serovars (L1 and L2), although chlamydiae were recovered from the lower genital tract. However, salpingitis and endometritis occurred after each of three chlamydial strains (serovars D and E) had been inoculated. Oviduct inflammation was seen for up to 6 weeks after inoculation but reached maximum severity usua…

The chemiluminescence response of normal human leukocytes to chlamydia trachomatis.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the phagocytic response of normal human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and monocytes (MN) to eight serotypes of C trachomatis (B,C,D,E,F,I,J, and L2) using a chemiluminescence (CL) assay, with luminal and lucigenin as amplifiers. The magnitude of the phagocytic cell CL response was proportional to the phagocyte-to-chlamydiae ratio, with a poor CL response detected at a ratio of 1:125 and progressively larger CL responses up to ratios of 1:50,000. The durations of the CL responses to all chlamydiae serotypes tested were considerably longer tha

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and genital mycoplasmas in asymptomatic women.

To establish the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in women attending a family planning and a prenatal clinic in Halifax, cervical swabs were obtained at the time of the first visit from 491 women who had no symptoms of genital infection. Among the women attending the family planning clinic M. hominis occurred in combination with C. trachomatis more frequently than expected (p less than 0.05). It occurred in the absence of U. urealyticum in only a few cases (13% of the occurrences in the family planning clinic and 6% of those in the prenatal cli…

A comparison of oxytetracycline and trimethoprim in the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis urethritis.

The effect of trimethoprim was compared with that of oxytetracycline in the treatment of uncomplicated urethritis and/or cervicitis. Twenty-six patients treated with oxytetracycline were all microbiologically cured. Of 19 patients treated with trimethoprim, ten (53%) still harboured the chlamydia after two weeks. The superiority of tetracycline was even more pronounced following the evaluation of dysuria and discharges. 85% of the patients treated with oxytetracycline and 6% of those treated with trimethoprim had neither dysuria nor discharge after the completion of treatment. The patients who

Intrauterine lung infection with Chlamydia trachomatis in a premature infant.

The present study shows the probable intrauterine infection with Chlamydia trachomatis in a premature infant born in the 29th week of gestation. Chlamydiae were isolated from lung tissue collected at sterile autopsy and also demonstrated in sections of such tissue by immunofluorescence tests using monoclonal antibodies.

In vitro and in vivo efficacy of antimicrobials against Chlamydia trachomatis.

With the exception of lymphogranuloma venereum, the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in the genital tract or acquired from the genital tract is relatively easy. In general, in vivo activity of antimicrobials against C. trachomatis correlates well with in vitro activity if sufficient antimicrobial is given for a long enough duration. Tetracycline and erythromycin and their derivatives remain the treatments of choice because of combined activity against C. trachomatis, in addition to most isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Ureaplasma urealyticum. Rifampin, sulfonamides, or trimet…

Analysis of the human serological response to proteins of Chlamydia trachomatis.

Sera from individuals with culture-proven genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis were analyzed for the presence of antibodies to chlamydial proteins by an immunoelectrophoretic transfer method. Protein antigens from representative strains of the 15 known serotypes were resolved by gel electrophoresis and transferred to a nitrocellulose solid support before being probed with serum. Sera from infected patients reacted with many different proteins. Most of these sera reacted with a 60,000- and a 62,000-molecular-weight protein which were present in each of the C. trachomatis serotypes and c…

Techniques for culturing and determining antimicrobial susceptibility of Chlamydia trachomatis.

The application of cell culture techniques to the study of chlamydiae have led to isolation of C. trachomatis from a variety of syndromes, among which are nongonococcal urethritis, post-gonococcal urethritis, cervicitis, acute salpingitis, neonatal conjunctivitis, and pneumonia of infants. The methods currently employed fo chlamydia isolation are described, as well as the conditions which affect the infectivity of these organisms to cells in vitro. Cell culture methods applicable to the study of the effect of antibacterial drugs on C. trachomatis are also presented.

Colonisation of pregnant and puerperal women and neonates with Chlamydia trachomatis.

Chlamydia trachomatis was cultured from cervical specimens of 14 (16.1%) of 231 women applying for legal abortion and from 23 (8.7%) of 273 puerperal women. The chlamydial isolation rate was related to the women's age. Of the pregnant and puerperal women under 20 years C trachomatis was isolated in 10% and 24% respectively; in those aged between 20 and 24 years the rates were 8.7% and 10.2% respectively whereas in those over 24 years the rates were 4.2% in both groups. Chlamydia were isolated more frequently from cervical specimens than from urethral specimens. However, if a cervical specimen …

Prospective study of maternal and infantile infection with Chlamydia trachomatis.

We examined the prevalence of chlamydial infection in a population of pregnant women and observed their infants to determine the risk of development of ocular or respiratory infection. We examined endocervical and serum specimens from 322 pregnant women for Chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydial antibody. The cultures were obtained at the first prenatal visit. Six (2%) of the women were infected with C trachomatis. Chlamydial antibody was present in the genital secretions of 47% and 73% of the serum samples. The six infants born to infected women, 61 infants born to women who were culture-negati…

Антитела для двух иммунотипов хламидиотрахомата у людей с трахомой.

В Тунисе (Северная Африка) трахома остается общей болезнью глаз. Большинство случаев вызвано иммунотипом А хламидийной трахомати. В небольшом числе случаев (менее 10%) в сыворотке пациентов существуют специальные антитела как иммунотипа А, так и иммунного типа В. Эти типы не имеют перекрестной реакции, и время от времени было продемонстрировано последовательное приобретение антител. Таким образом, люди в одном эндемическом районе трахомы могут быть заражены двумя иммунотипами трахомати. Эпидемиологические и иммунологические последствия этого нового вывода кратко обсуждаются.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
In Tunisia (North Africa), trachoma remains a common eye disease. Most cases are caused by immunotype A of Chlamydia trachomatis. In a small proportion of cases (less than 10%), type-specific antibodies to both immunotype A and immunotype B exist in the serum of patients. These types do not crossreact, and occasionally sequential acquisition of antibodies ha…

Interferon-γ Responses to Chlamydia trachomatis Vaccine Candidate Proteins in Women With Different Chlamydia Outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis testing and treatment strategies have not decreased infection rates, justifying need for a chlamydia vaccine. A murine study showed that a vaccine consisting of major outer membrane protein (MOMP) and polymorphic membrane proteins (Pmps) E, F, G, and H elicited protective immunity; studies on human cellular immune responses to Pmps are sparse. METHODS: Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) responses to these 5 proteins were measured by ELISPOT in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from women returning for treatment of a positive chlamydia test. Responses were compared in …

Naturally occurring amino acids differentially influence the development of Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia (Chlamydophila) pneumoniae.

The differential influence of individual amino acids on the growth of Chlamydia trachomatis versus Chlamydia (Chlamydophila) pneumoniae was investigated. Certain essential amino acids added in excess at the middle of the infection course resulted in varying degrees of abnormality in the development of the two species. If amino acids were added as early as 2 h post-infection, these effects were even more pronounced. The most effective amino acids in terms of C. trachomatis growth inhibition were leucine, isoleucine, methionine and phenylalanine. These amino acids elicited similar effects agains…

[A study on the role of Chlamydia trachomatis in chronic prostatitis--analysis of anti-Chlamydia trachomatis specific IgA in expressed prostate secretion by western-blotting method].

Opinion among researchers is divided as to whether Chlamydia trachomatis is the causative organism of chronic prostatitis. In this study, using enzyme immuno assay, we examined the positive rate of anti-C. trachomatis IgA according to the leukocyte count in expressed prostate secretion (EPS), in a total of 169 patients including 92 patients who showed chronic prostatitis-like symptoms. And we confirmed, by western-blotting, the presence or absence of anti-heat shock protein (HSP: 60 KDa) IgA in EPS, and we investigated the role of C. trachomatis in chronic prostatitis. The total positive rate …

Cross-reactive cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated lysis of Chlamydia trachomatis- and Chlamydia psittaci-infected cells.

Cells infected with Chlamydia trachomatis are lysed by CD8+ T cells in vitro. The ability of C. trachomatis-elicited spleen cells to lyse target cells infected with other chlamydial strains was determined by measuring lysis by immune spleen cells of targets infected with three strains of C. trachomatis and two strains of C. psittaci. C. trachomatis (lymphogranuloma venereum [LGV])-elicited immune murine spleen cells lysed target cells infected with other C. trachomatis serovars, although with lower sensitivity than they lysed LGV-infected target cells. Additionally, target cells infected with …

Investigating the epidemiology of repeat Chlamydia trachomatis detection after treatment by using C. trachomatis OmpA genotyping.

Repeat Chlamydia trachomatis detection frequently occurs within months after C. trachomatis infection treatment. The origins of such infection (persistence versus reinfection from untreated or new partners) are varied and difficult to determine. C. trachomatis strains can be differentiated by sequencing the ompA gene encoding the outer membrane protein A (OmpA). We used OmpA genotyping to investigate the epidemiology of repeat C. trachomatis detection after treatment in C. trachomatis-infected subjects seen at a sexually transmitted diseases clinic. Subjects were enrolled, tested for C. tracho…