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[Neurosurgical treatment of Parkinson disease and other movement disorders].

The surgical treatment of movement disorders has attracted widespread attention in the past few years. Better understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms, and also the refinement of neurosurgical, neuroradiological and neurophysiological methods and techniques have contributed to the redefinition of surgical treatment. With appropriate selection criteria, symptomatic and functional benefit can be achieved in the majority of patients. Functional neurosurgical procedures nowadays are performed most frequently in patients with Parkinson's disease or cervical dystonia. Functional neurosurgery t…

Movement disorders associated with the serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors.

BACKGROUND: To review the case reports and case series of movement disorders ascribed to the use of serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). METHOD: Reports of SSRI-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) in the literature were located using a MEDLINE search and review of bibliographies. RESULTS: Among the 71 cases of SSRI-induced EPS reported in the literature, the most common side effect was akathisia (45.1%), followed by dystonia (28.2%), parkinsonism (14.1%), and tardive dyskinesia-like states (11.3%). Among patients with Parkinson's disease treated with SSRIs, there were 16 cases …

Delayed-onset progressive movement disorders after static brain lesions.

We studied 53 patients (64% females) with static brain lesions who developed progressive movement disorders. Of these, 50 (94%) had dystonia, 17 (32%) tremor, eight (15%) parkinsonism, seven (13%) myoclonus, and three (6%) chorea. The precipitating insults included perinatal hypoxia/ischemia in 22 (42%), stroke in 12 (23%), head injury in eight (15%), encephalitis in eight (15%), and carbon monoxide poisoning, kernicterus, and radiation necrosis in one patient (2%) each. Among the 30 patients with initial insult occurring at age 2 years or younger (Infant group), distribution of dystonia at fo…

Open label evaluation of cannabidiol in dystonic movement disorders.

Cannabidiol (CBD), a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid of Cannabis, was given to 5 patients with dystonic movement disorders in a preliminary open pilot study. Oral doses of CBD rising from 100 to 600 mg/day over a 6 week period were administered along with standard medication. Dose-related improvement in dystonia was observed in all patients and ranged from 20 to 50%. Side-effects of CBD were mild and included hypotension, dry mouth, psychomotor slowing, lightheadedness, and sedation. In 2 patients with coexisting Parkinsonian features, CBD at doses over 300 mg/day exacerbated the hypokinesia and r…

Progabide in the treatment of hyperkinetic extrapyramidal movement disorders.

The ability of the selective GABA-receptor agonist, progabide, to suppress abnormal involuntary movements was evaluated in a preliminary open pilot study. 17 patients, 10 males and 7 females, aged 10-78 years, with hyperkinetic movement disorders were included in the study. Daily doses of progabide ranged from 900 to 3600 mg (median 2400 mg) corresponding to 14-45 mg/kg (median 45 mg/kg), while the duration of treatment varied from 2 to 52 weeks. Improvement, with a reduction of involuntary movements exceeding 25%, occurred in two of four patients with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome, and in …

New approaches in the management of hyperkinetic movement disorders.

This review covers recent advances in a variety of dyskinesias. Introduction of new drugs for the treatment of myoclonus and sensory biofeedback therapy for focal dystonia are expanding our concepts of these types of movement disorders. Progress in the treatment of action myoclonus is especially noteworthy and has led to the implication of serotonin deficit in the pathophysiology of this syndrome. Knowledge of the biochemical pathology of Huntington's chorea has outpaced therapy for this disorder, but new forms of therapy have been proposed based on the chemical findings. Basic pharmacologic s…

Neurochemical bases of tremor and other disorders of movement.

Monkeys inflicted with specific unilateral electrolytic lesions in the upper brain stem developed extrapyramidal disorders. Hypokinesia of the limbs was associated contralaterally with a lesion of the substantia nigra and depletion of striatal dopamine. Choreiform movements were observed in animals that had, contralaterally, a lesion severing the most dorsomedial fibres of the cerebral peduncle and the rubro-tegmentospinal tract, associated with depletion of striatal serotonin. Monkeys showing sustained postural tremor and hypokinesia had lesions affecting these three tracts contralaterally an

Persistent Diagnostic Disagreement Among Individuals With Functional Movement Disorders.

OBJECTIVE: Diagnostic agreement influences treatment outcomes, but studies on persistent diagnostic disagreement (PDD) in functional movement disorder (FMD) are lacking. The authors propose a definition for PDD and identified associated factors in a clinical cohort of patients with FMD. METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 158 FMD patients seen in an integrated movement disorders program from July 2019 to December 2021. Patients self-reported diagnostic agreement before an initial assessment (as disagree, unsure, or agree). PDD status was determined by a specialist a…

General movement assessment in infants with inherited metabolic disorders.

BACKGROUND: Several inherited metabolic disorders (IMD) are associated with neurodevelopmental problems, but clinically, the infants' neurological condition during their first months has not been well described. We aimed to describe infants' early motor repertoire, to identify specific atypical movements, and to determine its relation to outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Multi-centre cross-sectional retrospective study with prospectively collected videos. SUBJECTS: Twenty-five children with IMD at risk of central nervous system dysfunction. MEASURES: From videos taken until 20 weeks' post-term age, we

Local Field Potentials in Movement Disorders: A Narrative Review.

<p>Background: Local field potentials (LFPs) represent the summed electrical activity of neuronal populations and provide a critical window into synaptic and oscillatory dynamics across brain networks. In recent decades, advances in deep brain stimulation (DBS) and chronic sensing technology have established LFPs as essential biomarkers for understanding movement disorders and optimizing neuromodulation therapies. Summary: This review synthesizes evidence on LFPs in movement disorders, focusing on methodological aspects, functional characterization, disease-specific findings, and clinical appl…

Functional movement and gait disorders: A matter of age?

BACKGROUND: Functional neurological disorders (FND) represent a significant public health challenge due to their prevalence and impact on quality of life. Functional movement disorders (FMD) and functional gait disorders (FGD) represent a large part of the broad phenotype spectrum of FND. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the clinical profiles and associated characteristics of FMD and FGD, with particular attention to age-related symptoms. METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records with standardized collection of data of FND and FMD patients from three Neurological Referral Cen…

Прагматический подход к сексуальному здоровью при нарушениях движения.

Удовлетворение половой жизни имеет важнейшее значение для поддержания хорошего качества жизни и здоровых отношений для всех людей, включая тех, кто страдает расстройствами передвижения, и их партнеров. Однако ее значение часто игнорируется в неврологических клиниках. &quot; Methods &quot; Мы анализируем литературу и опираемся на наш собственный опыт, с тем чтобы предложить практический подход к оценке и решению проблем сексуального здоровья у пациентов с расстройствами движения. &quot; . &quot; Мы &quot; Мы &quot; начинаем с введения основополагающих концепций сексуальной медицины, уделяя особ

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BackgroundA satisfying sexual life is essential for maintaining good quality of life and healthy relationships for all individuals, including those with movement disorders and their partners. However, its significance is often overlooked in neurological clinics.MethodsWe review the literature and draw from our own experience to offer a practical approach for…

Movement Disorders in CSF1R -Related Leukoencephalopathy: A Case Series.

CSF1R -related leukoencephalopathy is a rare, dominantly inherited leukoencephalopathy caused by mutations in the CSF1R gene that codes for colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor. We describe the clinical and neuroimaging features in three genetically confirmed cases (two women) of CSF1R -related leukoencephalopathy. The age at onset ranged from 41 to 45 years. Cognitive and behavioral disturbances were seen in all patients, and one patient had epilepsy. The movement disorders included parkinsonism, freezing of gait, cerebellar ataxia, tremors, etc., Pyramidal signs were noted in two patients. M…

The underlying causes of eye movement disorders and ataxia.

This case report describes a 54-year-old Chinese woman with progressive gait instability, speech slowing, and cerebellar ataxia. Initial symptoms included mild bradykinesia and frequent backward falls. Neurological evaluation revealed supranuclear gaze palsy, hyporeflexia, and cerebellar dysfunction (SARA 26/40). Differential diagnoses included MSA, SCA, and PD. Genetic testing excluded SCA, while advanced imaging ruled out other disorders. The patient met criteria for probable PSP-C, a rare PSP subtype marked by cerebellar ataxia. [18F]PM-PBB3 tau PET imaging demonstrated abnormal tau accumul

Enterovirus A-71 Associated Parainfectious Movement Disorders in Children.

BACKGROUND: Pediatric movement disorders can be challenging to characterize, given the phenotypic complexity and broad differential diagnosis. While genetic tests are often part of the diagnostic work-up, it is important to consider acquired causes, which may require specific investigations. Enterovirus A-71 (EV-A71) associated rhombencephalitis frequently presents with movement disorders. We aim to improve the recognition of these phenotypes. CASES: We describe four patients (aged 21 months-12 years) presenting with movement disorders and a confirmed EV-A71 infection. All patients had myoclo…

Movement Disorders and Smart Wrist Devices: A Comprehensive Study.

In the medical field, there are several very different movement disorders, such as tremors, Parkinson's disease, or Huntington's disease. A wide range of motor and non-motor symptoms characterizes them. It is evident that in the modern era, the use of smart wrist devices, such as smartwatches, wristbands, and smart bracelets is spreading among all categories of people. This diffusion is justified by the limited costs, ease of use, and less invasiveness (and consequently greater acceptability) than other types of sensors used for health status monitoring. This systematic review aims to synthesi…

Challenges in studying disparities in neuropsychiatric hyperkinetic movement disorders.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to highlight challenges in studying disparities in neuropsychiatric hyperkinetic movement disorders, specifically Tourette syndrome and Huntington's disease. RECENT FINDINGS: We highlight racial and ethnic disparities in understudied movement disorders, particularly the neuropsychiatric hyperkinetic movement disorders, Tourette syndrome and Huntington's disease. These diagnoses are likely under-recognized and under-diagnosed in racial and ethnic minority groups, leading to disparities in access to subspecialty care and treatment. Factors contri…

COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Movement Disorders: A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVE: Since the release of vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there have been reports of vaccine-related neurologic complications. This study aimed to perform a descriptive systematic review of movement disorders associated with COVID-19 vaccines. METHODS: We described the demographics, clinical presentation, management, outcomes, and proposed pathomechanism of the patients. A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A standardized tool was used to assess the quality of the cases. R…