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Sulfanylbenzamides with Unique Side Chains to Improve Metabolic Stability, Pharmacokinetics, and Anti-HIV Activity.

Molecules that inhibit HIV by mechanisms other than inhibition of viral enzymes may be helpful in the treatment of infections where viral resistance has developed. Simple sulfanylbenzamides inactivate HIV by disrupting the coordination of zinc in the viral nucleocapsid protein, resulting in immature and noninfectious virus. HIV nucleocapsid protein (NCp7) is highly conserved across all viral strains, and there is a very high barrier for the virus to develop resistance to sulfanylbenzamide inactivators. These types of molecules act as topical microbicides to prevent HIV infections in animal mod…

Dynamic change process of target genes by RT-PCR testing of SARS-Cov-2 during the course of a Coronavirus Disease 2019 patient.

We report the dynamic change process of target genes by RT-PCR testing of SARS-Cov-2 during the course of a COVID-19 patient: from successive negative results to successive single positive nucleocapsid gene, to two positive target genes (orf1ab and nucleocapsid) by RT-PCR testing of SARS-Cov-2, and describe the diagnosis, clinical course, and management of the case. In this case, negative results of RT-PCR testing was not excluded to diagnose a suspected COVID-19 patient, clinical signs and symptoms, other laboratory findings, and chest CT images should be taken into account for the absence of…

Rift Valley fever virus subunit vaccines confer complete protection against a lethal virus challenge.

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging mosquito-borne virus causing significant morbidity and mortality in livestock and humans. Rift … cine candidates fully protected mice from a lethal challenge with RVFV. Importantly, absence of the nucleocapsid protein in either vaccine candidate facilitates the differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals using a commercial recombinant nucleocapsid protein-based indirect ELISA.

Targeting coronaviral inflammation: aptamer-based strategies for emerging threats.

Coronaviruses have repeatedly emerged in recent years, causing significant and ongoing threats to global public health. The development of therapeutic agents and strategies capable of responding to future outbreaks caused by emerging coronavirus variants remain an ongoing priority. Here, we engineered a single-stranded DNA aptamer (NApt8-3) that selectively binds to the conserved nucleocapsid (N) protein shared among multiple coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 (wild-type, beta, omicron variant), SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E, and strongly inhibits N protein-induced inflammatory …

Biochemical and structural studies of the oligomerization domain of the Nipah virus phosphoprotein: evidence for an elongated coiled-coil homotrimer.

Nipah virus (NiV) is a recently emerged severe human pathogen that belongs to the Henipavirus genus within the Paramyxoviridae family. The NiV genome is encapsidated by the nucleoprotein (N) within a helical nucleocapsid that is the substrate used by the polymerase for transcription and replication. The polymerase is recruited onto the nucleocapsid via its cofactor, the phosphoprotein (P). The NiV P protein has a modular organization, with alternating disordered and ordered domains. Among these latter, is the P multimerization domain (PMD) that was predicted to adopt a coiled-coil conformation…

[Cytomegaloviral inclusions detected in the seminal vesicle, ductus deferens and lungs in an autopsy case of lung cancer].

We report a case of cytomegalovirus infection of the seminal vesicle and ductus deferens in a 32-year-old Japanese man with papillary adenoc … ty in these infected cells. Electron microscopy recovered enlarged infected cells packed with viral nucleocapsids approximately 100 nm in size. These nucleocapsids were enveloped in the cytoplasm and consistent with the Herpesviridae family. To our knowledge, our case is the first report of cytomegalovirus infection of the seminal vesicle and ductus deferens i …

Биологическая и биохимическая характеристика скрытого склерозирующего панэнцефалита (SSPE) в тканевой культуре.

В настоящем исследовании описываются биологические и биохимические свойства стойкого вируса SSPE. Устойчивые инфицированные клетки были получены путем коркуляции инфицированных клеток мозга и неинфекционных клеток веро, а культуры поддерживались с помощью обычных методов субкублирования. Ни один инфекционный вирус из этих культур никогда не выпускался, и все попытки вызвать эмиссию инфекционных вирусов оказались безуспешными. Биологические анализы показали, что инфицированные клетки содержат нуклеокапсид и солевые антигены гемаглутинина, в то время как нормальный гемагглутин, как представляетс

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The present investigation describes the biological and biochemical properties of a persistent SSPE virus infection. Persistently infected ce … infectious virus release were unsuccessful. Biological assays showed that infected cells contained nucleocapsid and salt-dependent hemagglutinin antigens, whereas the normal hemagglutinin appeared not to be present. Electron microscopic examination demonstrated the presence of both intranuclear and cytoplasmic nucleocapsids together with the release of virus …

A non-productive subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) virus of human and ferret: an ultrastructural study.

A non-productive syncytiogenic measles virus isolated from the brain of an SSPE patient was grown on Vero cells. The ultrastructure of the i … as clearly discontinuous. In the latter, there was a preponderance of intranuclear over cytoplasmic nucleocapsid formation, whereas cytoplasmic nucleocapsids were prevalent in the virion-producing strains. Many similarities between Vero cells infected with the wild measles virus and the Halle strain of SSPE were observed, although differences between this SSPE …

Hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA formation in murine hepatic cells uncovers a late entry block.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects nearly 300 million people worldwide. Progress in understanding HBV immunopathogenesis and … HBV replication and cccDNA formation via intracellular amplification-a pathway that shares similar nucleocapsid uncoating and nuclear import of relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) that occur during de novo infection. Remarkably, all tested murine hepatocyte and hepatoma cell lines, across multiple mouse genetic backgrounds, supported cccDNA formation at levels compa …

Evidence for the presence of the minor capsid protein of Western equine encephalitis virus.

A minor capsid protein was found in Western equine encephalitis virus. The minor capsid protein appeared to be produced by proteolytic cleavage of part of the newly synthesized capsid protein in infected cells and to be incorporated into nucleocapsids.

Packaging of Single-Stranded RNA in Viruses and Virus-Like Particles.

Our double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes are famously compacted by proteins in the nuclei of our cells, resulting in meters of dsDNA being confined in micron-sized volumes. The most prevalent form of viral genomes, however, is single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), which is compacted at significantly higher density in protective protein shells with nanometer dimensions. In this review, we discuss the special nature of ssRNA that allows it to be spontaneously packaged in this way by co-self-assembly with viral capsid protein (CP). We focus on the few viruses whose nucleocapsids can be reconstituted from t…

Polymerase chain reaction amplification of a measles virus sequence from human temporal bone sections with active otosclerosis.

Investigation of a possible viral etiology for otosclerosis was initiated because of the clinical and histopathologic similarities between o … n technique has been developed. With use of this technique, a 115-base pair sequence of the measles nucleocapsid gene has been identified in 8 of 11 different temporal bone specimens with histologic evidence of otosclerosis. Zero of nine control specimens without histologic evidence of otosclerosis were positive. The association between the presence of the mea …

SSPE-like inclusion body disorder in treated childhood leukemia.

Clinico-pathological report on a boy with cytostatically treated leukemia, dying with cerebral symptoms after passing clinical measles 10 weeks before death. At autopsy, numerous nuclear inclusion bodies in glial and nerve cells were found. By electron microscopy, nuclear inclusions appeared as loosely arranged smooth tubules, corresponding to paramyxovirus nucleocapsids. Frequently, cytoplasmic changes appeared too, consisting of incomplete tubular structures and an abundant dense "fuzzy" material. No regular tubuli of the coated granular type were present, as in common measles virus infectio…

Phosphorylation of rubella virus capsid regulates its RNA binding activity and virus replication.

Rubella virus is an enveloped positive-strand RNA virus of the family TOGAVIRIDAE: Virions are composed of three structural proteins: a capsid and two membrane-spanning glycoproteins, E2 and E1. During virus assembly, the capsid interacts with genomic RNA to form nucleocapsids. In the present study, we have investigated the role of capsid phosphorylation in virus replication. We have identified a single serine residue within the RNA binding region that is required for normal phosphorylation of this protein. The importance of capsid phosphorylation in virus replication was demonstrated by the f…

Early events in the infection of human B lymphocytes by Epstein-Barr virus: the internalization process.

The early events in the infection of normal B lymphocytes and B lymphoblastoid cells by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were examined by electron a … irect fusion of EBV with the outer cell membrane was not observed. Instead, viral deenvelopment and nucleocapsid transit into the cytoplasm occurred from the large endocytic vesicles within 15 to 30 min at 37 degrees and did not involve lysosomal enzymes. During this time, the viral envelope became amorphous and its separation from the nucleocapsid was evident …

Identification of different measles virus-specific antibodies in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid from patients with subacute sclerosing pancencephalitis and multiple sclerosis.

Matched serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from eight cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and 15 cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) were characterized in neutralization, hemolysis-inhibition (HLI), hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) with Tween 80-ether-treated antigen, complement-fixation (CF), and immunodiffusion tests. CF tests were carried out with crude virus material, purified nucleocapsids, and small particle hemagglutinin as antigens. A certain diversity in the relative content of antibodies against different virus products in various sera was found. There was a hig…

SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral immunity in a Norwegian cohort between 2020 and 2023.

BACKGROUND: We have previously reported on natural humoral immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a Norwegian cohort between 2020 and 2021. In this study, we evaluated long-term humoral (including vaccination-induced) immunity in the same cohort and assessed predictors of high antibody levels against spike protein, as well as the persistence of antibodies against the virus spike and nucleocapsid proteins. METHODS: Vaccination data and antibody levels against the spike and nucleocapsid proteins were collected at 12 (only in infected participants) and 2…

Growth of measles virus in various human lymphoid cell lines.

Neurovirulent TYCSA strain and attenuated Schwarz strain of measles virus and Halle strain of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) vir … as produced constantly for over 100 days. Cells persistently infected with Schwarz strain contained nucleocapsid structures in both the nucleus and cytoplasm and produced low titered infectious virus, whereas nucleocapsid structures were observed only in the cytoplasm of cells persistently infected with either TYCSA or Halle strain and the titers of infectious …

Evaluation of vaccine-induced antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 in multiple myeloma patients from the northeastern region of Mexico.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate immunoglobulin G antibody responses against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in multiple myeloma patients in the northeastern region of Mexico following different COVID-19 vaccination regimens. METHODS: This retrospective study included 33 multiple myeloma patients, and 28 healthy controls vaccinated with mRNA (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273) or adenovector (AZD1222) vaccines. Anti-spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) and anti-nucleocapsid immunoglobulin G levels were measured. Laboratory parameters, including monocyte and lymphocyte counts and serum-free light chain…

Improving the diagnostic performance for prior COVID-19 with T-SPOT, an interferon-gamma release assay.

INTRODUCTION: The precise diagnosis of a prior COVID-19 infection remains challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of T-SPOT a … ted using iFlash-SARS-CoV-2 IgG (YHLO, iF_N) and MAGPIX® assays (Luminex, Lumi_N), which target the nucleocapsid protein. T-SPOT® Discovery SARS-CoV-2 assays (Oxford Immunotec) were used to detect cell-mediated immune responses against nucleocapsid (Tspot_N) and membrane (Tspot_M) proteins. RESULTS: Antibody tests had similar sensitivities (if_N: 67.2% and Lu …