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Etiology-specific trajectories of longitudinal functional connectivity and network topology in posttraumatic and mesial temporal lobe epileptogenesis.

The latent period of epileptogenesis represents a critical window for early diagnosis and preventive intervention before the disease progres … 4) and declined globally at 8 weeks. Hippocampal rsFC was negatively associated with LV in the left hippocampus (week 1, p = 0.036), right hippocampus (week 8, p = 0.02), and sensorimotor cortex (week 8, p = 0.041). Network topology showed an early reduction followed by a later increase in clustering coefficient. In contrast, the PTE model displayed progressi …

Ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme E2M Destabilizes Heat Shock Protein 70 and Mediates Sleep Deprivation-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Mice.

Sleep deprivation (SD) contributes to cognitive impairment. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) protects against SD-induced neuroinflammation and … ified multiple-platform water environment method. Protein and mRNA levels of HSP70 and UBE2M in the hippocampus were evaluated by Western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to analyze the interaction between UBE2M and HSP70 and to assess HSP70 poly-ubiquitination. Cycloheximide (CHX) chase assays were performed to determine HSP70 …

Zingerone mitigates cognitive and motor impairments in a D-galactose-induced brain aging model: Role of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.

BACKGROUND: The use of natural compounds with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties is a key strategy against age-related neur … est. In addition, we assessed the oxidative-antioxidative status and inflammatory conditions in the hippocampus, and conducted a qualitative histopathological evaluation of the hippocampal tissue and cortex of the experimental rats. RESULTS: Our findings indicate that ZIN treatment significantly enhanced cognitive and motor function and reduced oxidative str …

Potential Risk of Cognitive Impairment Due to Irradiation of Neural Structures in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Cancer Treated by Curative Radiotherapy.

Background and Objectives: Brain radionecrosis is an under-recognized but potentially life-altering late complication of radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer. Temporal lobe radionecrosis and high-dose exposure to the hippocampus are strongly associated with cognitive decline and radiation-induced dementia, negatively impacting patients' long-term quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to evaluate and compare radiation dose distributions to critical brain structures across three radiotherapy techniques-3D conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT), intensity-modulated radi…

Association Between Brain Substructure Dose and Scholastic Performance in Pediatric Brain Tumor Survivors Who Received Radiation Therapy.

PURPOSE: Radiation therapy may cause cognitive deficits in pediatric brain tumor survivors (PBTS). Scholastic data provide prediagnostic mea … pendent variables from the posttreatment phase and the independent variable of mean OAR dose to the hippocampus, corpus callosum, and frontal lobe (FL). Sensitivity analysis was conducted, limited to only children in the treatment group. Exploratory analyses evaluating volumetric associations between OARs and scholastic outcomes were conducted. RESULTS: Fift …

Cell type-specific contributions to impaired blood-brain barrier and cerebral metabolism in presymptomatic 5XFAD mice.

Altered cerebral metabolism and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction are emerging as critical contributors to the preclinical phase of Alzh … ts of 5XFAD mice. Interestingly, a region-specific decrease of tissue pH values was detected in the hippocampus of these 5XFAD mice by creatine chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI. Elevated neuronal H4K12 lactylation in the hippocampus supports the reduced pH values. To further dissect the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these MRI-detectabl …

Functional kinome profiling reveals brain protein kinase signaling pathways and gene networks altered by acute voluntary exercise in rats.

Regular exercise confers numerous physical and mental health benefits, yet individual variability in exercise participation and outcomes is … exercise in rats. Focusing on the dorsal striatum, which governs voluntary exercise, as well as the hippocampus, which is susceptible to modulation by physical activity, we aim to understand the molecular basis of exercise behavior. Utilizing high throughput kinome array profiling and advanced pathway analyses, we identified protein kinase signaling pathways …

Cannabidiol attenuates methamphetamine-induced oxidative neurotoxicity via regulating transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of methamphetamine (METH) abuse has significantly escalated in many regions worldwide. Despite this increase, the … and reveal the therapeutic target of CBD for METH-induced oxidative neurotoxicity. RESULTS: In the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex of METH users, overactivation of TRPV1, intracellular Ca2+ overload, increased oxidative stress, and elevated apoptosis were observed compared to control individuals. Molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) …

PRRG4 Brain-Specific Conditional Knockout Mice Display Autism Spectrum Disorder-Like Behaviors.

BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized primarily by social deficits and repetitive behavi … ce by crossing the PRRG4fl/fl mice with Emx1-Cre mice, which express Cre in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. RESULTS: The PRRG4 brain-specific knockout (PRRG4fl/fl-Cre+, PRRG4-CKO) mice exhibited social deficits, repetitive behaviors, and anxiety-like symptoms compared to PRRG4fl/fl control mice according to the results of various behavioral tests. PRRG4 …

Neonatal Handling Positively Modulates Anxiety, Sensorimotor Gating, Working Memory, and Cortico-Hippocampal Neuroplastic Adaptations in Two Genetically Selected Rat Strains Differing in Emotional and Cognitive Traits.

Background/Objectives: The bidirectional selection of the Roman low- (RLA) and Roman high-avoidance (RHA) rat strains for extremely slow vs. very rapid acquisition of the two-way (shuttle-box) avoidance response has generated two divergent phenotypic profiles: RHA rats exhibit a behavioural pattern and gene expression profile in the frontal cortex and hippocampus (HPC) that are relevant to social and attentional/cognitive schizophrenia-linked symptoms; on the other hand, RLA rats display phenotypic traits linked to increased anxiety and sensitivity to stress-induced depression-like behaviours.…

Роль витаминов сыворотки в сдерживании воздействия нейродегенеративных заболеваний на подкорректный объем мозга.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: Нейродегенеративные заболевания (ND) приводят к постепенной потере нейронных клеток и к атрофии субкортических структур головного мозга, но причинно-следственные промежуточные данные не известны. Для проверки причинно-следственного воздействия на подкорректную атрофию основных ND (болезнь Альцгеймера (АБ), болезнь Паркинсона, множественный склероз и амиотропический боковой склероз) и того, играет ли уровень витамина сыворотки посредническую роль в этом процессе.МЕТОДЫ: С использованием обобщенных данных широкомасштабного исследования, проведенного в рамках ассоциации по геному (GWA

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) lead to a progressive loss of neuronal cells and link to atrophy of subcortical brain structure … he nucleus accumbens (NAc) (β = -0.09; p = 5.13 × 10-5), amygdala (β = -0.07; p = 8.44 × 10-4), and hippocampus (β = -0.07; p = 0.001), as well as with low serum vitamin D level (β = -0.02; p = 6.84 × 10-6). Specifically, decreased serum vitamin D level mediated 3.99 % (95 % CI: -0.006 to -5.82 × 10-5) and 3.97 % (95 % CI: -0.007 to -2.94 × 10-4) of the total …

The GLP-1 medicines semaglutide and tirzepatide do not alter disease-related pathology, behaviour or cognitive function in 5XFAD and APP/PS1 mice.

OBJECTIVE: The development of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity has been a … ement of the GLP-1R. Nevertheless, amyloid plaque density was not different in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, or subiculum of semaglutide-treated 12-month-old 5XFAD and APP/PS1 mice. IBA1 and GFAP expression were increased in the hippocampus of 5XFAD and APP/PS1 mice but were not reduced by semaglutide. Moreover, parameters of neurobehavioral and cognitive …

Suppression of CNS APOE4 Expression by miRNAs Delivered by the S2 AAVrh.10 Capsid-Modified AAV Vector.

The homozygous Apolipoprotein E (APOE4) genotype is the major risk factor for the development of early Alzheimer's disease. Genome engineeri … in the brain. The engineered capsid was used to deliver the APOE miRNA suppression cassette to the hippocampus of TRE4 mice (human APOE4 knock-in replacement of the murine apoE locus). Two weeks after intra-hippocampus administration, regional expression of miRNA at the injection site was quantified at the mRNA level relative to an endogenous reference. The …

IL-17A Mediates Depressive-Like Symptoms by Inducing Microglia Activation in Psoriasiform Dermatitis Mice.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is recognized as a systemic disease for its accompanying comorbidities, among which psychological disorders present a … L-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as well as anti-inflammatory factors IL-4 and IL-10 in the hippocampus and cortex were measured by RT-qPCR. The number of microglia and hippocampal neurons was quantified by immunofluorescent assay. RESULTS: IMQ treatment resulted in significant skin structural and histopathological characters of psoriasiform dermatit …

Exploring morphological similarity and randomness in Alzheimer's disease using adjacent grey matter voxel-based structural analysis.

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by large-scale structural changes in a specific pattern. Recent studies developed morpholog … s disease showed significant structural pattern changes in the bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, and olfactory cortex. Additionally, individuals with Alzheimer's disease showed that the bilateral insula had decreased inter-regional structural similarity with frontal regions, while the bilateral hippocampus had increased inter-regional structur …

Investigation of the effects of Toxoplasma gondii on behavioral and molecular mechanism in bradyzoite stage.

Toxoplasma gondii is a single-celled parasite that causes a disease called toxoplasmosis. It can reach the central nervous system, but the mechanism of T. gondii disrupting the functioning of these brain regions occurs in bradyzoite stage of parasite, causing brain damage by forming tissue cysts in brain. In our study, the effects of T. gondii on locomotor activity, anxiety, learning and memory, and norepinephrine (NE), levodopa (L-DOPA), dopamine (DA) and 3,4-D-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) catecholamines in amygdala, striatum, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus regions of the brain were …

Brain region-specific alterations in gene expression trajectories in the offspring born from influenza A virus infected mice.

Influenza A virus (IAV) infection during pregnancy can increase the risk for neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring, however, the und … nce revealed persistent alterations to normal gene expression trajectories in the prefronal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus and cerebellum. Alterations were found in genes involved in inflammation and neurogenesis, which were predominately dysregulated in neonatal and early adolescent offspring. Notably, late adolescent offspring born from IAV infected mice …

The α-7 Nicotinic Receptor Positive Allosteric Modulator Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide Induced Depressive-like Behavior by Regulating Microglial Function, Trophic Factor, and Chloride Transporters in Mice.

Neuroinflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) by inducing neuronal excitability via dysregulation … 20596, an α7 nAChR positive allosteric modulator, on the expression of BDNF, KCC2, and NKCC1 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex using Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence assay, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The effects of ANA12, a TrkB receptor antagonist, on LPS-induced cognitive deficit and depressive-like behaviors were determined us …

Neuroinflammation in the Amygdala Is Associated With Recent Depressive Symptoms.

BACKGROUND: Converging evidence suggests that elevated inflammation may contribute to depression. Yet, the link between peripheral inflammat … -brain gray matter (global-RF), and regions of interest in the bilateral amygdala (amygdala-RF) and hippocampus (hippocampus-RF), and CRP was estimated from blood (serum) samples. Self-reported recent depression symptoms were measured using a 4-item assessment. Linear regressions were used to estimate associations between CRP and DBSI-RFs with depression whil …

The effects of sexual abuse on female adolescent brain structures.

OBJECTIVE: Sexual abuse (SA) is known for its effects on brain structures in adolescents. We aimed to explore if SA has any effect on limbic and prefrontal cortex (PFC) structures. We hypothesized that children with SA would have a thinner PFC with larger amygdala and hippocampus that lead to aberrations in threat detection, orientation and response circuit; that would be highly adaptive in a dangerous environment in the short term. METHOD: We included 57 SA and 33 healthy control (HC) female participants. In addition to psychiatric evaluation, we acquired 3 T MR images from all participants.…