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Brain health across the lifespan and the impact of nutrition, exercise, microbiota, and sleep.

Dietary strategies that support long-term cognitive health and resilience against neurodegenerative diseases are important with aging and senescence. Brain aging is a consequence of intricate biological changes that occur over the lifespan. The process of aging involves the decline in metabolic and physiologic functions, and changes in anatomical structure. However, our lifestyle practices, including diets and nutrient intakes, physical exercise, sleep quality, and cognitive activity can help to minimize the aging effects on the brain. Furthermore, neurodegenerative diseases often have detrime

Valorization of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) Processing By-Products: Nutritional Composition, Starch-Modified Gel Quality and Digestibility.

Pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) processing by-products represent an underutilized resource with considerable potential for value-added applications. To evaluate the nutritional profile and investigate the effects of different starches (native and modified) on the gel properties of the pink salmon by-products, the proximate composition, amino acid profile, and fatty acid profiles of the by-products were analysed, followed by assessments of the gel texture, water-holding capacity, cooking loss, color, microstructure, and in vitro digestibility. The results demonstrated that the by-product m

Postoperative hyperinflammation and recovery challenges in necrotizingenterocolitis.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains one of the most devastating gastrointestinal emergencies in neonates, particularly affecting premature infants with immature intestinal, immune and microvascular systems. While surgical intervention is often lifesaving in severe NEC, the postoperative period introduces distinct challenges that critically influence survival and long-term outcomes. This review examines postoperative hyperinflammation as a central driver of morbidity following surgical NEC. Despite resection of necrotic bowel, many infants experience persistent systemic inflammation charact

Clinical-epidemiological profile of right and left colorectal cancer: exploratory study at the university hospital of USP (2012-2018).

INTRODUCTION: Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome associated with systemic inflammation, nutritional deterioration, and poor prognosis in cancer patients. Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, and differences between right- and left-sided tumors may influence clinical outcomes. METHODS: This retrospective observational cohort study included 69 patients who underwent surgical treatment for colorectal cancer at the University Hospital of the University of Sao Paulo between 2012 and 2018. Patients were classified as cachectic (CC; n = 40) or non-cachectic (WSC;

Breastfeeding at discharge or transfer from the maternity hospital: results from the German Perinatal Statistics 2021.

BACKGROUND: Given the low proportion of exclusively breastfed children in Germany, breastfeeding promotion is necessary. Beginning in 2021, the nationwide mandatory quality assurance procedure for perinatal medicine in hospitals has routinely collected information on the newborn's nutrition at hospital discharge or transfer. Aims were to analyze the proportions of newborns either exclusively or partially fed with human milk, or exclusively formula-fed at hospital discharge or transfer and to identify pre- and perinatal factors potentially relevant to the newborn's nutrition. METHODS: In 2021,

Characterization and schematic modeling of the evolution of weaning age in piglets and its physiological, nutritional and productive implications: a review.

Modern intensive swine production systems have progressively reduced weaning age from conventional weaning ages of around 30 days to 21 days or less, aiming to improve sow reproductive efficiency and increase production flow. Although this strategy has enhanced productivity, it has also created a mismatch between the piglet's chronological age and biological maturity, particularly at gastrointestinal, metabolic, endocrine, and immune levels. This review provides an integrated analysis of the evolution of early weaning and its physiological, nutritional, and productive implications within a sys

The impact of nutritional, environmental, and lifestyle factors on neurological disorders: therapeutic implications and mechanistic insights.

Neurological disorders like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, and primary psychiatric conditions are complex, arising from a mix of genetic and modifiable risks. Growing evidence indicates that nutrition, environment, and lifestyle significantly influence disease development, progression, and treatment response. Nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, omega-3 fatty acids, and polyphenols affect neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial health, and neurotransmitter function. Dietary patterns like the Mediterranean and ketogenic diets offer protective benefits in clinical and

Food Accessibility and Nutritional Outcomes Among Food-Insecure Pregnant Women in Singapore.

Background/Objectives: Food insecurity during pregnancy is associated with higher risks of negative physical outcomes for both mother and child. This study aims to understand experiences of food insecurity among low-income Singaporean pregnant women and its impact on nutritional status. Methods: In this cross-sectional, mixed-methods study, 49 food-insecure pregnant women were recruited from KK Women's and Children's Hospital between November 2021 and November 2023, among which 11 in-depth interviews were conducted. Questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, 24-Hour dietary recalls, metaboli

Impact of Maternal Nutrition on Human Milk Macronutrients Among Thai Mothers of Premature Infants.

PURPOSE: To identify factors affecting macronutrient levels in human milk (HM) from mothers of preterm infants in Thailand by examining maternal diet and body mass index (BMI). BACKGROUND: HM fortification has become standard care to meet preterm infant's nutritional needs, but macronutrient content varies throughout lactation, leading to challenges in managing HM nutrients. Understanding maternal nutrition factors affecting HM macronutrients should be considered. METHOD: In this observational study, 47 mothers of premature infants were selected through convenience purposive sampling between

Prehabilitation to improve function after autologous stem cell transplantation: A pilot randomized controlled trial (PIRATE).

PurposeExercise and nutrition interventions are not part of routine care for those undergoing autologous stem cell transplant (autoSCT). We aimed to explore estimates of effect, safety and feasibility of multidisciplinary prehabilitation for improving physical capacity after autoSCT.MethodsThis single-blinded, parallel, two-armed pilot randomized trial included adults receiving autoSCT. Participants were randomized to twice-weekly, supervised, tailored exercise and fortnightly telephone-based nutrition education, for up to 8-weeks prior to autoSCT (n = 11) or usual care (n = 11). Blinded asses

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… nutrition support pathway for haematopoietic progenitor cell transplant patients. … al (2011) Multidisciplinary nutritional support for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a cost-benefit analysis. …

Suboptimal Caloric and Micronutrient Intakes in Female Student Athletes Across Several Division 1 Collegiate Sports.

Optimal nutrition in athletes can contribute to training adaptations, recovery, performance, and injury prevention in addition to supporting their overall health and well-being. Macronutrient intake and the link to role in athletic performance has been investigated by several studies, while micronutrient intake in athletes appears to be understudied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess caloric and selected micronutrient intakes in female collegiate student-athletes across several sports. The participants from seven sports were instructed to complete 3-day food records; dietary i

Association between virtual visits and central line-associated complications in adult patients receiving home parenteral nutrition: A retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: In response to coronavirus disease 19, healthcare organizations made dramatic and immediate shifts from in-person office to telehealth visits to provide care to patients while adhering to social distancing restrictions. The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of virtual visits compared with "brick and mortar" (in-person visits) for patients receiving home parenteral nutrition for clinical outcomes of the incidence of catheter complications and 30-day readmissions. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2020 and December 2020 on eligible pa

Fish oil lipid emulsion compared with soybean oil lipid emulsion in pediatric patients with parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis: A cost-effectiveness study.

OBJECTIVES: Evidence indicates that, in pediatric patients with parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC), the use of a 100% fish oil lipid emulsion (FOLE) increased the likelihood of PNAC resolution and reduced the likelihood of liver transplantation compared with a 100% soybean oil lipid emulsion (SOLE). To evaluate the potential economic benefit, we conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing FOLE with SOLE. STUDY DESIGN: A discrete event simulation model evaluated cost-effectiveness by simulating clinical outcomes and estimating associated healthcare costs in pediatric pati

Healthy lifestyle interventions within the curriculum in school-age children: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Childhood obesity is a major public health challenge. Previous research has identified the impact of school-based interventions for preventing and treating obesity; we hypothesized that when curricular changes are integrated, results could be exponentiated. This study aimed to systematically review and conduct a meta-analysis of the published literature analyzing information about school-based interventions inserted in the curriculum. The Cochrane Handbook methodology was followed. An electronic search was conducted in five databases, with a specific design strategy per database. Randomized co

[Home parenteral nutrition in patients with malignant bowel obstruction. Ethical considerations].

Background: patients with cancer are one of the main group of patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN). Patients with malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) represent a challenging group when considering HPN. At the Ethics Working Group of SENPE ethical considerations on this subject were reviewed and a guidelines proposal was made. Methods: a literature search was done and a full set of questions arose: When, if ever, is HPN indicated for patients with MBO? How should the training program be? When withdrawal of HPN should be considered? Other questions should be also taken into consideration. M

A Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Prescription Program for Prenatal Patients in Flint, Michigan: Baseline Food Security and Dietary Intake.

Although adequate nutritional status during pregnancy is necessary to support optimal fetal development, many low-income women have poor access to fresh, high-nutrient foods. To address these challenges, a pediatric fruit and vegetable (FV) prescription program was expanded to include pregnant women, providing one prescription for fresh FVs worth 15 US dollars during each prenatal office visit for redemption at farmers'/mobile markets. This analysis describes baseline sociodemographic characteristics, food security, and dietary intake among 253 pregnant women in Flint, Michigan in 2022-23. Die

Impact of early palliative care intervention in autologous bone marrow transplantation: feasibility of a multicentric study.

IntroductionThis prospective multicentre study evaluates the impact of Palliative Care Unit (PCU) intervention (Experimental Group, EG), dur … G patients used opioids on day 0 (mean 38.5 mg morphine/day/patient). Reduced pain control impacted nutritional support (parenteral nutrition 45% CG, 5% EG; p = 0.08). Hospitalisation duration was longer in CG (median 18.5; EG median 13.00; p < 0.001). Despite the short follow-up and small sample size, PCU and HD collaboration improves QoL and symptom management duri …

Nutritional, antioxidant and biological activity characterization of orange peel flour to produce nutraceutical gluten-free muffins.

Celiac disease - a prevalent food intolerance - requires strict adherence to a lifelong gluten-free (GF) diet as the only effective treatment. However, GF products often lack soluble fibre and have a high glycaemic index. Consequently, there is a pressing need in the food industry to develop GF products with improved nutritional profiles. In this context, the impact of incorporating orange peel flour (OPF) into muffins undergoing sourdough fermentation was examined, focusing on their technological, antioxidant, and nutritional characteristics. The functional properties of OPF were investigated

Effects of Branched-chain Amino Acids on Nutritional Metabolism and Pharmacoeconomics in Patients with Severe Abdominal Trauma.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the influences of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) on nutrition metabolism and prognosis of patients with severe abdominal trauma; at the same time, to analyze and evaluate the pharmacoeconomics of it. METHODS: A total of 75 severe abdominal trauma patients were recruited from June 2016 to December 2017 and randomly divided into control group and observation group. After surgery and basic treatment, parenteral nutrition support therapy with iso-nitrogen and iso-calorie of both groups was administered. Meanwhile, an equivalent of 8.5% (18AA-II) and 10% (20AA) compound A

Nutritional Status in Patients with Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ).

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a potentially severe side effect of mostly antiresorptive drugs. The aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the nutritional status in MRONJ patients scheduled for surgical treatment (intraoral soft tissue closure). The following parameters were evaluated: body weight, body height, BMI, nutritional risk index (NRI), bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA), vitamins A, B12, D3, E, K1, folic acid, iron, total protein, transferrin, ferritin, prealbumin, albumin, and zinc. All subjects were admitted to hospital four to five days be

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… Individualised Nutritional Support in Medical Inpatients at Nutritional Risk: A Randomised Clinical Trial. Lancet. 2019;393:2312–2321. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32776-4. 21. Correia M.I.T.D., Waitzberg D.L. … Nutritional Support and Physical Modalities for People with Osteoporosis: Current Opinion. Nutrients. 2019;11:2848. doi: 10.3390/nu11122848. 26. Parfitt A.M. Dietary Risk Factors for Age-Related Bone Loss and Fractures. Lancet. 1983;2:1181–1185. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(83)91226-6. 27. …