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Late-onset GM2 gangliosidosis: magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and correlational fiber tractography differentiate Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff diseases.

GM2 gangliosidosis is lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency of the heterodimeric enzyme β-hexosaminidase A. Tay-Sachs disease is c … uncle (p = 0.007332), and vermis (p = 0.01007) compared to LOSD. LOTS patients had lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the left cerebellum (p = 0.005537), right cerebellum (p = 0.01905), SCP (p = 0.02844), and vermis (p = 0.02469) when compared to LOSD. Correlational fiber tractography identified fiber tracts in cerebellar pathways with higher FA and lower M …

Progressive structural alterations in the cerebral small vessel disease with cognitive impairment and vascular dementia.

BackgroundThe progression of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) leads to cognitive decline, which can be categorized into subcortical vasc … hippocampus in svMCI and VaD compared to HC. VBA-DTI results demonstrated alterations in fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, along with changes in mean diffusivity (MD) values in the inferior longitudinal fasciculus. FBA results identified significant WM alterations in superior corona radiata, and posterior corona radia …

Cognitive impairment and multiparametric brain MRI in aquaporin-4-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment (CI) in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To investiga … ractions and the mean values for the T1/T2-weighted ratio, magnetization transfer ratio, fractional anisotropy, and diffusivity metrics were analyzed in normal-appearing white and gray matter. After conducting univariable analyses to compare clinical, neuropsychological, and MRI metrics between groups (NMOSD vs. HC or NMOSD with vs. without CI), we performed …

White matter abnormalities in healthy E200K carriers may serve as an early biomarker for genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (gCJD).

BACKGROUND: MRI is an important tool for disease diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), yet its role in identifying preclinical stage … JD patients demonstrated higher mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD) and lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values compared with healthy relatives in several WM tracts (p<0.05). Out of the healthy relatives, 50% (N=30) were found to be carriers of the E200K mutation. T-tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were above the normal range (>290 pg/mL) i …

Глимфатическая дисфункция при повторном излучающем склерозе и его связь с структурным повреждением мозга и когнитивным расстройством.

ЦЕЛЬ: Изучение глимфатической дисфункции при повторном излучающем множественный склероз (RRMS) и его потенциальных связей со структурным повреждением мозга, клинической инвалидностью и когнитивным расстройством (Co-I). В исследовании приняли участие 70 пациентов с системой РМПС и 44 здоровыми средствами контроля. Были проведены оценки неврологии и МРТ, а когнитивные характеристики были оценены с помощью краткой повторяемой батареи нейропсихологических испытаний (BRB-N). Для оценки глимфатической функции мы рассчитали объем хороидового сплетения (CPV) и диффузионное снимок топоров вдоль периваш

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: To explore the glymphatic dysfunction in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and its potential associations with brain … disability, larger lesion volume (LV), mean diffusivity (MD), and CPV, as well as lower fractional anisotropy (FA) (all FDR-p < 0.05). Moreover, DTI-ALPS mediated 27.21 % and 43.75 % of CPV effects on information processing speed and visuospatial memory, respectively. Random forest analysis indicated that lower education (relative importance [RI] = 100 %), …

Impact of white matter networks on risk for memory decline following resection versus ablation in temporal lobe epilepsy.

BACKGROUND: With expanding neurosurgical options in epilepsy, it is important to characterise each options' risk for postoperative cognitive … n=51). We computed laterality indices (ie, asymmetry) for volume of the hippocampus and fractional anisotropy (FA) of two deep WM tracts (uncinate fasciculus (UF) and inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF)). RESULTS: Preoperatively, left-lateralised FA of the ILF was associated with higher prose recall (p<0.01). This pattern was not observed for the UF or …

Brain structures as potential mediators of the causal effect of COVID 19 on migraine risk.

Migraine is a common neurological disorder observed after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) infection. However, the intricate relationship … aine and migraine with aura (MA). Cortical thickness (CT), total surface area (TSA), and fractional anisotropy (FA) were identified as BIP intermediaries in the risk trajectory from COVID 19 to migraine. The TSA exhibited a more pronounced mediating effect than did CT. This study revealed that genetically predicted COVID 19 is associated with an increased ri …

Supra- and infra-tentorial degeneration patterns in primary lateral sclerosis: a multimodal longitudinal neuroradiology study.

BACKGROUND: Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is traditionally solely associated with progressive upper motor neuron dysfunction manifesting i … ed on radial diffusivity (RD) and cerebello-frontal decoupling was also evident based on fractional anisotropy (FA) alterations. Functional connectivity changes were also detected in cerebello-frontal, parietal and occipital projections. Volume reductions were identified in the vermis, anterior lobe, posterior lobe, and crura. Among the deep cerebellar nucle …

Hippocampus diffusivity abnormalities in classical trigeminal neuralgia.

INTRODUCTION: Patients with chronic pain frequently report cognitive symptoms that affect memory and attention, which are functions attribut … gmented into hippocampal subfields and registered into diffusion-weighted imaging space. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity were extracted for hippocampal subfields and longitudinal axis segmentations. RESULTS: Patients with TN demonstrated reduced FA in bilateral whole hippocampi and hippocampal body and contralateral subregions CA2/3 and CA4, …

Advanced Cognitive Patterns in Multiple System Atrophy Compared to Parkinson's Disease: An Individual Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Although both Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD) belong to alpha-synucleinopathy, they hav … e middle cerebellar peduncle, corticospinal tract, and cingulum bundle. Furthermore, the fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD)values of the right anterior thalamic radiation were significantly associated with global efficiency (FA: B = 0.69, P < 0.001, VIF = 1.31; MD: B = -0.53, P = 0.02, VIF = 2.50). The diffusion metrics of white matter betw …

Structural Changes in Brain White Matter Tracts Associated With Overactive Bladder Revealed by Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Findings From a Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network Cross-Sectional Case-Control Study.

PURPOSE: Our objective was to investigate structural changes in brain white matter tracts using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in patients with overactive bladder (OAB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Treatment-seeking OAB patients and matched controls enrolled in the cross-sectional case-control LURN (Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network) Neuroimaging Study received a brain DTI scan. Microstructural integrity of brain white matter was assessed using fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity. OAB and urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) symptoms were assessed using the OAB…

Gut Microbiota Moderates Multimodal Brain Structure-Function Integration and Behavioral Cognition in Growth Hormone Deficient Children.

INTRODUCTION: Previous brain studies of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) often used single-modal neuroimaging, missing the complexity capture … nal homogeneity (ReHo), amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF), and white matter fractional anisotropy (FA). Gut microbiome diversity and metabolites were analyzed using 16S sequencing and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). Associations between multimodal neuroimaging and cognition were assessed using moderation analysis. RESULTS: Six indep …

Immunosenescence-related T cell phenotypes and white matter in schizophrenia patients with tardive dyskinesia.

Schizophrenia patients with tardive dyskinesia (TD) are associated with accelerated biological aging, immunological dysfunction, and prematu … CD8 + CD45RA + CD95+ and CD8 + CD45RO + CD95+ T cells. MRI was employed to evaluate the fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter tracts and subcortical volumes, following published routines. The percentage of CD8 + CD45RO + CD95+ T cells was higher in TD compared with NTD and HC groups and correlated with the choroid plexus volume in TD group. The intrace …

White matter microstructural plasticity associated with educational intervention in reading disability.

Children's reading progress typically slows during extended breaks in formal education, such as summer vacations. This stagnation can be esp … try (left arcuate fasciculus and left inferior longitudinal fasciculus) and increases in fractional anisotropy in the left corticospinal tract. Our findings suggest that responses to intensive reading instruction are related predominantly to white matter plasticity in tracts most associated with reading.

Plasma Biomarkers of Brain Injury and Their Association With Brain MRI and Cognition in Type 1 Diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate associations between plasma biomarkers of brain injury and MRI and cognitive measures in participants with type 1 dia … essments included total brain and white matter hyperintensity volumes, white matter mean fractional anisotropy, and indices of Alzheimer disease (AD)-like atrophy and predicted brain age. Cognitive measures included memory and psychomotor and mental efficiency tests and assessments of cognitive impairment. RESULTS: Participants were 60 (range 44-74) years o …

Magnetic resonance neurography in spinal cord injury: Imaging findings and clinical significance.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: It is unknown whether changes to the peripheral nervous system following spinal cord injury (SCI) are relevant for f … . DRG volume, sciatic nerve mean cross-sectional area (CSA), fascicular lesion load, and fractional anisotropy (FA), a marker for functional nerve integrity, were calculated. Results were correlated with clinical assessments and nerve conduction studies. RESULTS: Sciatic nerve CSA and lesion load were higher (21.29 ± 5.82 mm2 vs. 14.08 ± 4.62 mm2 , p < 0.00 …

Impaired mobility and MRI markers of vascular brain injury: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities and UK Biobank studies.

BACKGROUND: Vascular brain injury (VBI) may be an under-recognised contributor to mobility impairment. We examined associations between MRI … unar and lacunar infarctions, microhaemorrhage; UKB: ventricular, brain and WMH volumes, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), intracellular and isotropic free water volume fractions). Quantitative biomarkers were categorised into tertiles. Mobility impairment outcomes were imbalance and slow walk in ARIC and recent fall and slow walk in UKB. Ad …

Brain lesion microstructure in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein disease.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease ( … ve-NMO, 6 MOGAD] underwent MRI scans on a 3 Tesla MAGNETON PRISMA. Diffusion parameters (fractional anisotropy; mean diffusivity [MD]; intracellular volume fraction [ICVF]; extra-neurite transverse diffusivity; and extra-neurite MD; neurite signal fraction) were obtained using DTI, NODDI, and SMT. Microstructural parameters within lesions were compared throu …

Lung Mechanics: Material Characterization of Pulmonary Constituents for an Experimentally Informed Computational Pipeline.

The lung comprises multiple components including the parenchyma, airways, and visceral pleura, where each constituent displays specific mate … ile loading to investigate the mechanical properties, such as physiological stress-strain profiles, anisotropy, and viscoelasticity. These methods are presented across an array of commonly studied species (murine, rat, and porcine). Additionally, we highlight how such material properties may inform the construction of an inverse finite element model, which i …

Atrial extrasystoles enhance low-voltage fractionation electrograms in patients with atrial fibrillation.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Atrial extrasystoles (AES) provoke conduction disorders and may trigger episodes of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, … nt. AF patients have more direction-dependent conduction disorders, indicating enhanced non-uniform anisotropy that is uncovered by spontaneous AES.