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Long-term exposure to wildfire-related PM2·5 and overall survival of older patients with lung cancer: a retrospective, registry-based cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Fine particulate matter (PM2·5) has been identified as a key risk factor for lung cancer incidence and survival. PM2·5 from wildfire smoke is an increasingly important contributor to total PM2·5 in the USA, driven by climate change, and potentially more toxic than non-wildfire PM2·5 due to its smaller particle size and higher toxic contents. However, the effects of wildfire-related PM2·5 on the overall survival of patients with lung cancer remain unclear. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included patients aged 65 years or older with histologically confirmed primary small-c

Population structure and speciation in tropical seas: global phylogeography of the sea urchin Diadema.

The causes of speciation in the sea are rarely obvious, because geographical barriers are not conspicuous and dispersal abilities or marine organisms, particularly those of species with planktonic larvae, are hard to determine. The phylogenetic relations of species in cosmopolitan genera can provide information on the likely mode of their formation. We reconstructed the phylogeny of the pantropical and subtropical sea urchin genus Diadema, using sequences of mitochondrial DNA from 482 individuals collected around the world, to determine the efficacy of barriers to gene flow and to ascertain th

[The effect of light and temperature of the CO2 exchange of different life forms in the ground vegetation of a montane beech forest].

In a montane beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest the influence of the climatic factors, light and temperature, on net photosynthesis and on the CO2 balance of the ground vegetation was investigated. The total turnover of carbon was calculated. Species studied included: Athyrium filix-femina, Oxalis acetosella, Luzula luzuloides, Deschampsia flexuosa and young plants of Fagus sylvatica. 1. The light compensation point in all spp. is between 300 and 500 lux except for D. flexuosa where it is 2 klx. Light saturation is attained at 2-3 klx for A. filix-femina, at 5-6 klx for O. acetosella, and at 6-7 k

Implementation of an Emergency Medical Service-Integrated Teleconsultation Follow-Up Unit for Home-Based Patients With Suspected COVID-19 During Epidemiological Uncertainty in an Island Territory: Retrospective Descriptive Study.

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological and biological risks frequently expose Caribbean territories to emerging infectious threats. Martinique, a French overseas territory, is particularly vulnerable due to its tropical climate, insular geography, and recurrent exposure to arboviral epidemics. During exceptional health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, health care systems must rapidly adapt to a potentially sustained patient influx, evolving scientific knowledge, and heightened population anxiety. In March 2020, following the first confirmed COVID-19 cases in Martinique, the emergency medical service

Peritonsillar Abscess Simulator: A Low-Cost, High-Fidelity Trainer.

AUDIENCE: Our reusable low-cost peritonsillar abscess simulator (PTA) simulator is designed to train emergency medicine (EM) residents, fellows, and medical students. Trainees who are interested in otolaryngology (OTL) or this specific disease may also benefit from this simulator. INTRODUCTION: Peritonsillar abscess is one of the most common deep infections 1 of the head and neck, accounting for 7589 consultations and 11069 hospital bed days in the UK between 2009-2010.1,2 Emergency medicine physicians commonly treat this pathology with surgical and medical modalities. Not only is this a comm

Heat and hospital admission via the emergency department for people with intellectual disability, autism, and mental disorders in South Korea: a nationwide, time-stratified, case-crossover study.

BACKGROUND: Given the anticipated increase in ambient temperature due to climate change, the hazardous effects of heat on health have been extensively studied; however, its impact on people with intellectual disability, autism, and mental illness is largely unknown. We aimed to estimate the association between heat and hospitalisation through the emergency department (ED) among people with these mental disorders. METHODS: In this nationwide study, we used data from the National Health Insurance Database (NHID) of the National Health Insurance Service, the single universal insurer in South Kor

Development and evaluation of a de-escalation training intervention in adult acute and forensic units: the EDITION systematic review and feasibility trial.

BACKGROUND: Containment (e.g. physical restraint and seclusion) is used frequently in mental health inpatient settings. Containment is associated with serious psychological and physical harms. De-escalation (psychosocial techniques to manage distress without containment) is recommended to manage aggression and other unsafe behaviours, for example self-harm. All National Health Service staff are trained in de-escalation but there is little to no evidence supporting training's effectiveness. OBJECTIVES: Objectives were to: (1) qualitatively investigate de-escalation and identify barriers and fa

Ageing, exposure to pollution, and interactions between climate change and local seasons as oxidant conditions predicting incident hematologic malignancy at KINSHASA University clinics, Democratic Republic of CONGO (DRC).

BACKGROUND: The global burden of hematologic malignancy (HM) is rapidly rising with aging, exposure to polluted environments, and global and local climate variability all being well-established conditions of oxidative stress. However, there is currently no information on the extent and predictors of HM at Kinshasa University Clinics (KUC), DR Congo (DRC). This study evaluated the impact of bio-clinical factors, exposure to polluted environments, and interactions between global climate changes (EL Nino and La Nina) and local climate (dry and rainy seasons) on the incidence of HM. METHODS: This

Structure and change in causes of death: An international summary.

Abstract Model patterns of the cause structure of mortality at different levels were established for males and females, based on data for 165 national populations. These patterns suggest that the cause of death most responsible for mortality variation is influenza/bronchitis, followed by 'other infectious and parasitic diseases', respiratory tuberculosis, and diarrhoeal disease. Together, these causes typically account for about 60 per cent of the change in level of mortality from all causes combined. Their respective contributions have not depended in an important way on the initial level of

Home-based eye tracking for early autism screening: a scoping review of approaches, evidence, and implementation challenges.

BACKGROUND: Early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is essential for improving developmental outcomes but remains challenging due to diagnostic delays, subjectivity, and resource limitations. Eye-tracking offers objective indices of social attention and could improve access to early screening when deployed on consumer devices at home. This scoping review synthesizes evidence on home-deployable eye-tracking as digital biomarkers for early ASD screening, associated machine learning methods, and feasibility of real-world implementation. METHODS: Following the Arksey and O'Malley f

Getting back on track to meet global anaemia reduction targets: a Lancet Haematology Commission.

GLOBAL BURDEN AND DATA GAPS: Many countries lack reliable data on anaemia prevalence, especially for populations beyond young children and women of reproductive age. Few national surveys measure both anaemia and its underlying causes. We call for the creation of a standardised global data repository and the development of a harmonised micronutrient survey platform to collect comprehensive, periodic data. We also recommend better integration of data across sources, including household surveys and other health data sources, and inclusion of haemoglobin assessment in existing survey platforms tha

Real-World Vehicle Emissions Characterization for the Shing Mun Tunnel in Hong Kong and Fort McHenry Tunnel in the United States.

INTRODUCTION: Motor vehicle exhaust is an important source of air pollutants and greenhouse gases. Concerns over the health and climate effects of mobile-source emissions have prompted worldwide efforts to reduce vehicle emissions. Implementation of more stringent emission standards have driven advances in vehicle, engine, and exhaust after-treatment technologies as well as fuel formulations. On the other hand, vehicle numbers and travel distances have been increasing because of population and economic growth and changes in land use. These factors have resulted in changes to the amount and che

Calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits neuronal apoptosis in heatstroke rats via PKA/p-CREB pathway.

PURPOSE: The incidence of heatstroke (HS) is not particularly high; however, once it occurs, the consequences are serious. It is reported that calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is protective against brain injury in HS rats, but detailed molecular mechanisms need to be further investigated. In this study, we further explored whether CGRP inhibited neuronal apoptosis in HS rats via protein kinase A (PKA)/p-cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB) pathway. METHODS: We established a HS rat model in a pre-warmed artificial climate chamber with a temperature of (35.5 ± 0.5) °C and a rela

Environmental Predictors of US County Mortality Patterns on a National Basis.

A growing body of evidence has found that mortality rates are positively correlated with social inequalities, air pollution, elevated ambient temperature, availability of medical care and other factors. This study develops a model to predict the mortality rates for different diseases by county across the US. The model is applied to predict changes in mortality caused by changing environmental factors. A total of 3,110 counties in the US, excluding Alaska and Hawaii, were studied. A subset of 519 counties from the 3,110 counties was chosen by using systematic random sampling and these samples w

Psychological care of caregivers, nurses and physicians: a study of a new approach.

There is much evidence demonstrating that psychosocial interventions in caregivers and oncological staff produce an improvement in their patients' quality of life. The aim of this explorative study was to evaluate the effect of a new approach in promoting more functional ways to face stressful situations in the constellation of people around patients: caregivers, physicians and nurses. Thirty-four subjects were divided into three groups: 10 caregivers, 11 physicians, and 13 nurses. A "Balint Group" method modified according to a mindfulness technique was used as the intervention. Three assessm

It is time to consider the climate crisis in haematology.

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Отбор соев в Кении подкрепляется моделями многотраля и генотипного взаимодействия между окружающей средой.

Растущий глобальный спрос на соевые белки ведет к расширению культивирования в новые сельскохозяйственные границы. Кения продвигается вперед в разработке генотипов сои для выявления тех, которые лучше всего приспособлены к ее различным агроэкологическим условиям. Однако выбор генотипов с более высокими агрономическими характеристиками и высокой стабильностью остается ограниченным. В этом исследовании была проведена количественная оценка масштабов взаимодействия генотипа с окружающей средой (G×E) и отдельных генотипов с наилучшими показателями и стабильностью на основе многопутного подхода. Все

Измерение " углеродного следа " клинических исследований: аналитический обзор инструментов и методов измерения.

Медицинское обслуживание вносит существенный вклад в глобальные выбросы парниковых газов; однако воздействие клинических исследований на окружающую среду по-прежнему недостаточно изучено. Количественная оценка выбросов является необходимым первым шагом на пути к сокращению углеродного следа исследований. С момента создания базы данных до июня 2026 года были проведены обыски PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, EconBiz, GreenFile и ProQuest. В соответствующих исследованиях сообщается об измерении выбросов углерода, связанных с клиническими исследованиями. Данные были составлены и обобщены в

Seasonal clustering of sinopulmonary mucormycosis in patients with hematologic malignancies at a large comprehensive cancer center.

BackgroundInvasive Mucorales infections (IMI) lead to significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. The role of season and climatic conditions in case clustering of IMI remain poorly understood.MethodsFollowing detection of a cluster of sinopulmonary IMIs in patients with hematologic malignancies, we reviewed center-based medical records of all patients with IMIs and other invasive fungal infections (IFIs) between January of 2012 and August of 2015 to assess for case clustering in relation to seasonality.ResultsA cluster of 7 patients were identified with sinopulmonary IMIs (

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… However, these data suggest variance in IMI incidence that may be related to local weather patterns [ 36 ], and suggest a need to consider changes in current climate models and the potential for increased seasonal clusters of IMIs in high risk immunocompromised patients. …

Допуск на засуху в хлопковых генотипах с помощью интегрированных морфофизиологических и биохимических маркеров на стадии цветения.

Засушливый стресс one из основных абиотических факторов, которые серьезно ограничивают глобальный урожай хлопка, нарушая основные морфофизиологические и биохимические функции. В этом исследовании forty В разделе, посвященном генетически разнообразным генотипам хлопка, была проведена оценка three ирригационные уровни: контроль100% мощность на местах), умеренная (60% FC) и сильная засуха40% FC) на стадии цветения в контролируемой стеклянной среде. Повышение интенсивности засухи привело к постепенному снижению темпов роста и физиологических характеристик. Острый стресс: уменьшение длины выстрела