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Torsion of a hydrosalpinx in a virgin patient with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome: report of a rare condition and its possible etiology.

BACKGROUND: To describe a rare case of hydrosalpinx torsion in a virgin patient with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome. CASE: A 25-year-old woman with previously diagnosed MRKH syndrome in whom lower abdominal pain led to discovery and resection of a hydosalpinx of unusual origin in a university hospital department of obstetrics and gynecology, Japan. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopy revealed a twisted left-sided hydrosalpinx, and the mass was resected laparoscopically. Results of the blood test for Chlamydia trachomatis were positive, but results of the PCR test were negati…

[Advancements in diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases in urology].

Sexually transmitted diseases diagnosed and treated exclusively in urology clinics are male urethritis and epididymitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Although recent developments in diagnostic tools have made it possible to detect these microorganisms with extremely high sensitivities, the screening of Neisseria gonorrhoeae using the microscopic observation of intraleucocyte diplococci stained by methylene blue or gram staining in the first voided urine sediment or urethral smears still the key point in the diagnosis and treatment of gonococcal urethritis. In recen…

[Pelvic inflammatory disease].

Pelvic inflammatory disease and upper genital tract infection describe inflammatory changes in the upper female genital tract of any combination: endometritis, salpingitis, tubo-ovarian abscess and peritonitis in the small pelvis. In most cases the infection is ascending, Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are common with increasing incidence. The spectrum ranges from subclinical, asymptomatic infection to severe, life-threatening illness. Antibiotic treatment should be initiated promptly and must cover a broad spectrum of germs. Surgical treatment is necessary in cases of failure…

Seropositivity to human herpesvirus 8 in relation to sexual history and risk of sexually transmitted infections among women.

The mode of transmission of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) was investigated in two seroepidemiological studies of Swedish women who completed a questionnaire about sexual behavior. Seropositivity for HHV8 antibodies, measured using an indirect immunofluorescence assay, was linked to a high number (>10) of sexual partners (P < 0.004). It also correlated strongly with a history of other sexually transmitted diseases (STD; P < 0.0001), in particular with a history of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and condyloma acuminata. There was appreciable HHV8 seropositivity already among virginal or monogamous…

[Epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases, with the exception of AIDS].

Epidemiologic trends in sexually transmitted diseases strongly vary in the world. The situation is worrying in the developing countries. Bot … ion still have high level of gonorrhea and are concerned with resurgence of syphilis and chancroid. Chlamydia trachomatis infections, which are a major, cause of infertility and ectopic pregnancy, have become the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in industrialized world.

Mucopurulent cervicitis: a clinical entity?

Of 297 women attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic who were examined for the presence of mucopurulent cervicitis, 96 (32%) satisfied the diagnostic criteria. Mucopurulent cervicitis was strongly associated with the isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It was also associated with bacterial vaginosis, the use of oral contraceptives, and sexual contact with men who had non-gonococcal urethritis. Conversely, the presence of opaque cervical secretions did not show these associations, and the results indicated no difference in genital infections in women with clear…

Severe persistent inclusion conjunctivitis in a young child.

A 14-month-old girl had inclusion conjunctivitis although there had been no signs or symptoms that required medical attention in her first year. By 2 1/2 years of age, the child had extensive pannus and corneal scarring that severely reduced vision. The infection was caused by a genital strain of Chlamydia trachomatis, TRIC type E, that was probably acquired at birth. Although genitally transmitted chlamydial strains normally cause a self-limiting inclusion conjunctivitis in areas where trachoma is not endemic, this case illustrates that they may occasionally cause severe trachoma. Possibly lo…

Lymphogranuloma venereum: "a clinical and histopathological chameleon?".

Lymphogranuloma venereum is an infection caused by a variety of the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. Both genital and extragenital manifestations of the disease can cause serious differential diagnostic difficulties, indirectly leading to progression and dissemination of the infection. This work describes cases of patients with lymphogranuloma venereum showing atypical clinical and/or histopathological findings. It also focuses on alternative therapeutic approaches, such as surgical excision at stage 1, that may lead to a positive outcome. It is not completely clear whether histopathological f…

Infections of the lower female genital tract during childhood and adolescence.

PURPOSE: To review the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of lower female genital tract infections at a young age. METHODS: Review study. CONCLUSIONS: Lower female genital tract infections at a young age may involve the vulva, the vagina and, less frequently, the fallopian tubes. Good knowledge of the physiology and anatomy of the respective areas plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of vulvovaginitis. Candida albicans is the most frequent cause of infection, while Gardnerella vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma, and Trichomonas vaginalis …

[Use of siflox (ciprofloxacin) in paratrachoma and assessment of its effectiveness by immunoenzyme analysis].

The possibility of using an antibiotic ciprofloxacin quinolone (siflox) in combined therapy of paratrachoma was investigated. Fifty patients with acute and subacute paratrachoma were included in the study. The drug efficacy was assessed by clinical results and laboratory findings: by the time course of the levels of Chlamydia trachomatis antigen in smears from the conjunctiva, measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using the Abbott kit. The results indicated a high efficacy of siflox in combination with local application of tetracycline ointment; such treatment helped shorten the treatment perio…

Pelvic inflammatory disease. Current diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common infection in women of reproductive age. PID is actually a spectrum of disease, beginning with cervicitis and progressing to endometritis and eventually salpingitis. Sequelae include ectopic pregnancy, infertility, chronic pelvic pain, hydrosalpinx, and tubo-ovarian abscess. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis are the primary causes of PID. Chlamydial infection may be asymptomatic, and the resulting salpingitis is often referred to as "silent PID." Polymicrobial infection with other organisms (eg, anaerobes, facultative aerobes) may be i…

A microbiological study of failed penicillin therapy for gonococcal urethritis in Durban.

Seventy-five men presenting with persistent urethral discharge after penicillin therapy were investigated for sexually transmitted pathogens during July - September 1987. The major aetiological agent isolated was Neisseria gonorrhoeae (58 patients (77.3%]. Penicillinase-producing N. gonorrhoeae (PPNG) accounted for 58.6% of 58 isolates. Chlamydia trachomatis was detected in 10.7% of patients and Trichomonas vaginalis in 14.7% of patients. When there is a high prevalence of PPNG, the use of penicillin as a first-line agent for therapy should be discontinued in favour of an agent active against …

Microbiology and pathogenesis of acute salpingitis as determined by laparoscopy: what is the appropriate site to sample?

Acute salpingitis is a polymicrobial disease. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and anaerobic gram-positive cocci were the predominant microorganisms isolated from the fallopian tubes of salpingitis patients. Gonococci were isolated from the fallopian tubes in eight of 35 (23%) patients; anaerobic bacteria were recovered from 10 of 35 (28.5%). Although Chlamydia trachomatis was not recovered from the fallopian tube exudate, there was abundant serologic evidence of chlamydial infection in the salpingitis patients. Twenty-three percent of patients with paired sera had a fourfold rise in IgM and IgG titer, w…

A unique insight into the MiRNA profile during genital chlamydial infection.

BACKGROUND: Genital C. trachomatis infection may cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) that can lead to tubal factor infertility (TFI). Understanding the pathogenesis of chlamydial complications including the pathophysiological processes within the female host genital tract is important in preventing adverse pathology. MicroRNAs regulate several pathophysiological processes of infectious and non-infectious etiologies. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the miRNA profile of single and repeat genital chlamydial infections will be different and that these differences will be time depe

Atypical bacterial pathogen infection in children with acute bronchiolitis in northeast Thailand.

BACKGROUND: Atypical bacterial pathogens--including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Chlamydia trachomatis--are important infectious agents of the respiratory system. Most current information pertains to adults and little is known about the role of these organisms in lower respiratory tract infections among young children with acute bronchiolitis. METHODS: This study detected these pathogens in the nasopharyngeal secretions of children between 1 month and 2 years of age admitted with acute bronchiolitis to hospitals in Khon Kaen, northeast Thailand. The M pneumoniae and C …

2023 Korean sexually transmitted infections guidelines for non-gonococcal bacterial infection (chlamydia, syphilis, etc.) by the Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation.

Non-gonococcal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) include chlamydia, syphilis, and chancroids. Chlamydia is the most common STI caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and is mainly transmitted through sexual intercourse or vertical transmission at birth. Although symptoms are mostly absent or mild, untreated chlamydial infections in females can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility due to the narrowing of fallopian tubes. Syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum and is divided into phase I, phase II, latent syphilis, and phase III. The incidence of syphilis, in…

Beta lactamase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae alleviates Amoxicillin-induced chlamydial persistence in a novel in vitro co-infection model.

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) cause most bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. Epidemiological studies have shown high percentages of co-infections with CT/NG and indicate that NG co-infection can reactivate CT shedding during persistent chlamydial infection. These data also suggest that biological interaction between the two bacteria may increase susceptibility or transmissibility. CT is an obligate intracellular bacterium with a developmental cycle that alternates between two forms: infectious elementary bodies (EBs) which invade the epitheli…

Задержанная гипотеза иммунитета в иммуноэпидемиологической модели передачи хламидии.

В случае излечимых инфекционных заболеваний такие стратегии общественного здравоохранения, как лечение, могут эффективно сократить инфекционный период человека и тем самым ограничить его роль в передаче инфекции. Однако, поскольку лечение эффективно устраняет антигенное воздействие, эти виды стратегий контроля могут также, как это ни парадоксально, препятствовать развитию адаптивной иммунной реакции. В связи с инфекциями хламидии трахоматис, передающимися половым путем, этот последний эффект был придуман на основе задерживаемой гипотезы иммунитета и обсуждается как имеющий значительные эпидеми

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
For curable infectious diseases, public health strategies such as treatment can effectively shorten an individual's infectious period, and t … ay also paradoxically impair the development of adaptive immune responses. For sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis infections, this latter effect has been coined the arrested immunity hypothesis, and is discussed to carry significant epidemiological implications for those individuals who return to similar sexual networks with similar sexual behavior. Here, we ex …

Essential role for neutrophils in pathogenesis and adaptive immunity in Chlamydia caviae ocular infections.

Trachoma, the world's leading cause of preventable blindness, is produced by chronic ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, an obligate intracellular bacterium. While many studies have focused on immune mechanisms for trachoma during chronic stages of infection, less research has targeted immune mechanisms in primary ocular infections, events that could impact chronic responses. The goal of this study was to investigate the function of neutrophils during primary chlamydial ocular infection by using the guinea pig model of Chlamydia caviae inclusion conjunctivitis. We hypothesized that ne…

Surveillance for sexually transmissible diseases in Victoria, 1983 to 1992.

Surveillance systems have been developed in Victoria to determine trends in sexually transmissible diseases (STDs). Notifications to the Health Department (including laboratory notification since May 1990) have been supplemented by data about strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and cultures for Chlamydia trachomatis processed by the Microbiological Diagnostic Unit, enhanced laboratory surveillance of syphilis, and data on genital herpes and genital warts from the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre. During the period under review the incidence of gonorrhoea declined, rapidly at first, and then more sl…