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Simultaneous histochemical demonstration of noradrenergic nerves and tissue components in guinea-pig renal pelvis after treatment with daunomycin.

A standard histochemical technique for detecting catecholamines has been applied to tissues from the renal pelvis of untreated and daunomycin-pretreated guinea-pigs. Under the fluorescence microscope, muscular, mucosal, and endothelial cells exhibited the drug-specific orange-red fluorescence, in contrast to the dark background of control tissues. The presence of daunomycin in the cells also greatly improved the visibility of numerous noradrenergic fibres which appeared to originate from perivascular plexuses and distribute to the smooth cells. A dense noradrenergic innervation was detected in…

Immunologic rejection of diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatomas in strain 2 guinea pigs: participation of basophilic leukocytes and macrophage aggregates.

The morphologic events associated with the immunologic rejection by strain 2 guinea pigs of ascites variants of two lines of diethylnitrosamine-induced tumors have been studied by light and electron microscopy. Tumor injection sites in the skin of control animals exhibited clusters of viable, actively mitotic tumor cells along with a modest inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and rare basophils. In contrast, similar injections of either tumor line in specifically sensitized guinea pigs elicited typical delayed-type skin reactions associated with tumor cel…

A velocity-loop view of avian gait: hodograph rotation sense characterizes the walking-to-running continuum in guinea fowl.

Terrestrial gaits are usually treated as discrete categories, yet the criteria that define them disagree in ground birds, which use grounded-running, bouncing dynamics without an aerial phase, over much of their speed range. We asked whether the rotation sense of the center-of-mass velocity loop, the hodograph, resolves gait-transition speeds in guinea fowl (Numida meleagris). We reconstructed center-of-mass motion from ground reaction forces over 2580 level overground steps (dimensionless speed range: 0.14 to 3.27). Hodograph rotation sense reverses from pendular to bouncing at a crossover sp…

Health center staff perceptions of gender and equity in the Conakry health region, Guinea (2025): a cross-sectional survey.

BACKGROUND: Gender and equity are critical determinants of health and healthcare access. The perceptions of health workers can shape how gender and equity are integrated into primary care services, influencing both the quality and fairness of care delivery. OBJECTIVE: To assess health center staff perceptions of gender and equity in the Conakry health region, Guinea. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in 19 health centers across the five communes of Conakry. The study included 412 health workers: physicians, nurses, midwives, technicians, and other patient-facing sta…

Evaluation of residual virulence and protective efficacy for Brucella melitensis vaccine strain M5-90 in mice and guinea pigs.

Brucellosis, a globally significant zoonosis caused by Brucella species, leads to severe reproductive complications including abortion and infertility in animals and humans. Vaccination remains a cornerstone strategy for the control of brucellosis transmission. The Brucella melitensis vaccine strain M5‑90 was developed in China during the 1970s-1980s by attenuation from virulent M28 strain. This study systematically evaluated the safety and protective efficacy of M5‑90 in mouse and guinea pigs models. Results indicated that M5‑90 was completely cleared from mice within 15 weeks after subcutane…

The periodical formation of the vaginal closure membrane in guinea pigs is a regeneration process maintained by a special stem cell niche.

In adult females of most hystricomorph rodents (animals in the suborder Hystricomorpha, such as guinea pigs), the vagina is open only during heat period; for the remainder of the estrous cycle, it is occluded by a structure resembling the human hymen-known as the "vaginal closure membrane" (VCM). This process of periodic formation and regression of the VCM persists throughout the animal's entire life, from puberty until death. To date, the underlying mechanisms explaining why only this small subset of rodents periodically forms a VCM remain largely unelucidated. In this study, we compared the …

Elimination of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis as a public health problem in Republic of Guinea: Paving the way for zero transmission.

The Republic of Guinea has faced an important challenge with human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), which was endemic over the last century. After initial control in the 1960s-1970s, HAT resurged in the 1990s along the Guinean coast, driven by economic and demographic pressures on the mangrove ecosystem. In response, the Guinean government established a national control program in 2002, focusing on medical mass screenings. In 2012, vector control using tiny targets was introduced in the East Boffa focus to reduce fly density and human-vector contact. However, the Ebola epidemic from 2013 to 2016…

One Health Prioritization of Rabies Risk in the Republic of Guinea: Integration of Human Knowledge, Canine Immunity, and Spatial Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Dog-mediated rabies remains a fatal but preventable zoonosis. Its elimination requires sufficient canine vaccination coverage, informed communities, and spatially targeted surveillance. In Guinea, human knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) data and canine serological data had previously been analyzed separately, limiting their translation into operational priorities. OBJECTIVE: To build an integrated One Health assessment of rabies risk by combining KAP indicators, canine immunity, and spatial analysis. METHODS: A secondary integrated analysis was conducted using a KAP surve…

Interaction of uteroplacental insufficiency and postnatal Western diet on the hepatic transcriptome in young adult female and male Guinea pigs.

Epidemiological and animal studies highlight an adverse in utero environment, often associated with low birth weight (LBW) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and postnatal intake of energy-dense foods, interact in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in offspring. While these associations are emerging, understanding the specific contributions of LBW/IUGR and energy-dense food such as Western diet (WD) to the hepatic transcriptome and development of NAFLD is lacking. This study used a guinea pig model of uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI) to induce LBW/IUGR. It a…

Development and validation of a Guinea pig model for concurrent allergic rhinitis and asthma using recombinant Der f 2.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to develop a guinea pig model of concurrent allergic rhinitis and asthma. METHODS: Thirty-three guinea pigs were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group. Guinea pigs in the experimental group were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of recombinant wild-type Dermatophagoides farinae group 2 allergen (wt Der f 2) plus Al(OH)3 on day 1 and 8, followed by inhalation of an aerosol of wt Der f 2 on day 16 and 23. The sensitized guinea pigs were challenged with intranasal instillation of wt Der f 2 plus Al(OH)3 gel on day 19 and 26 for nasa…

Malaria control and elimination in Vanuatu and Papua New Guinea: Multidisciplinary and collaborative research with island communities, 1985-2024.

Sustained research and community engagement are essential to effective malaria control and elimination. In this article, we describe our research activities in Oceania since 1985 and highlight their contribution to our understanding of malaria epidemiology and control. Working in close collaboration with the local communities and the Ministries of Health in Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu, our multidisciplinary projects have employed both field and laboratory methods to cover a wide range of topics including intervention implementation and evaluation, social barriers to adoption of interventions,…

Proactive Tethering to Prevent Guinea Worm Infections among Dogs in Chad: An Analysis of the Impacts of Timing and Dog Selection.

Guinea worm, or dracunculiasis, has been targeted for eradication. Since the detection of the disease in animals, particularly domestic dogs in Chad, eradication efforts have become more challenging as animal infections perpetuate the cycle of infection and continue to put humans at risk. A wide range of community-based interventions is used to reduce infections, and the proactive tethering of dogs was introduced in 2020 to aid in the eradication efforts. This approach aims to contain dogs to prevent them from infecting water sources and to minimize exposure to water sources harboring infectiv…

Разработка и определение характеристик обратной генетической системы для штамма вируса Мачупо по линии второго Чикава в модели морских свиней.

Вирус Мачупо (MACV) — маммаренавирус в Новом мире (далее именуемый «аренавирус») и этиологический агент боливийской геморрагической лихорадки (BHF). Для БХФ не существует ни вакцины, ни противовирусной терапии, что приводит к 35-процентной смертности людей. В разных местах арены нового мира развиваются по отдельности. На сегодняшний день в Боливии выявлено до восьми рядов МКАВ. В то время как прототип штамма MACV Carvallo принадлежит родословной, которую я обнаружил в провинции Мемор в 1960-х годах, штаммы линии II MACV стали доминирующей циркуляционной линией в той же провинции с 1993 года.Мы

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Machupo virus (MACV) is a New World mammarenavirus (hereafter referred to as "arenavirus") and the etiologic agent of Bolivian h … ey kidney epithelial Vero cells, followed by determining the virulence phenotype in outbred Hartley guinea pigs. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We demonstrated that the multiplication kinetics in Vero cells, virulence phenotype in guinea pigs, and neutralizing antibody titers are indistinguishable between rMACV-Chicava and the wild-type parental virus. CONCLUSION …

The low genetic diversity of the Jingmen tick virus in Guinea sheds light on the recent introduction of the virus to West Africa.

BACKGROUND: Jingmen tick virus (JMTV), a segmented orthoflavi-like virus, has been recognized in recent years as a potential human and animal pathogen, with confirmed detections across Asia, Europe, Africa and South America. Recent JMTV surveillance data from Guinea has enabled detailed population genetic analysis to better understand the epidemiology of the virus in West Africa. Here, we report the results of a JMTV genetic diversity study and address specific issues of virus circulation in ticks parasitizing domestic animals. METHODS: A total of 928 ticks were collected from 114 host animal…

Assessing the burden of submicroscopic Plasmodium infections in a pre-elimination malaria setting in sub-Saharan Africa, Guinea-Bissau.

BACKGROUND: Submicroscopic Plasmodium infections can be a source of persistent malaria transmission. The aim of this study was to assess their frequency, distribution, morbidity and associated factors in a pre-elimination malaria setting in sub-Saharan Africa, Guinea-Bissau, where the Plasmodium falciparum is the predominant Plasmodium species. METHODS: Dried fingerprick whole blood samples from 601 participants in the 2017 national, household-based, cross-sectional survey to estimate malaria prevalence were subjected to DNA extraction. The DNA was used in nested end-point PCR assays targetin…