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Temporal Variation and Human Host Predominance in Aedes aegypti from Coastal and Western Kenya: Insights from Pooled Blood Meal Metagenomics.

Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of arboviral diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika, posing significant global health and economic challenges. The effective control of this mosquito species requires understanding its seasonality, feeding behavior, and ecological dynamics. Modern molecular techniques, such as amplicon metagenomic sequencing, provide insights into vector-host interactions and feeding patterns. This study investigated the temporal variation of Ae. aegypti abundance and its blood meal sources in coastal and western Kenya over 16 months. A total of 64,360 …

The ocular immune system and Flaviviruses: A crossroad between defense and disease.

Flaviviruses are emerging arthropod-borne viruses that cause severe endemic infections and epidemics on a global scale. Recent Zika virus ou … damage. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the major Flaviviruses (Zika, Dengue, Yellow Fever, and West Nile) reported to cause ocular manifestations in humans, with emphasis on viral immunopathogenesis. Hence, we discuss how Flaviviruses modulate immune responses and cause ocular manifestations.

The First National Record of the Invasive Mosquito Aedes vittatus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Mexico, a Threat to Public Health in Continental America.

Aedes (Fredwardsius) vittatus (Bigot) has a native geographical distribution that encompasses tropical areas of Asia, Africa, and the Mediterranean region of Europe. In its native range, this mosquito species is a potential vector of the dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever viruses. Currently, Ae. vittatus is reported in the Caribbean countries of Cuba, Jamaica, and the Dominican Republic. We report the discovery of one female Ae. vittatus captured on September 11, 2024, in X-Calakoop, located near a major tourist site in Yucatán. Additionally, 11 mosquito species were found: Aedes aegy…

Travel After Transplant: Demographics, Travel Trends, and Vaccination Practices of US Immunocompromised Travelers.

BACKGROUND: International travel by solid organ and stem cell transplant recipients is increasing. Their level of immunocompromise impacts t … IPTTs than among controls. No IPTT received the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine; 1 IPTT received the yellow fever vaccine. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest described cohort of IPTTs. Understanding travel patterns and vaccination practices in this higher-risk population is crucial to improving pretravel preparation and outcomes.

Renal epidermoid cyst mimicking renal tuberculous abscess: a case report.

Renal epidermoid cysts (RECs) are exceedingly rare benign cystic lesions, with only 15 histologically confirmed cases reported worldwide to date. Due to their non-specific clinical and radiological features, they are often misdiagnosed preoperatively as infectious or neoplastic conditions. Here, we report a 25-year-old man in whom a complex renal cyst was incidentally identified during a routine health examination. Retrospectively, the patient reported mild urinary frequency and low-grade fever. Imaging suggested a non-enhancing heterogeneous cyst in the lower pole of the right kidney. Laparos

Uncovering the genetic diversity in Aedes aegypti insecticide resistance genes through global comparative genomics.

Aedes aegypti is vector of many arboviruses including Zika, dengue, yellow fever, West Nile, and Chikungunya. Its control efforts are hampered by widespread insecticide resistance reported in the Americas and Asia, while data from Africa is more limited. Here we use publicly available 729 Ae. aegypti whole-genome sequencing samples from 15 countries, including nine in Africa, to investigate the genetic diversity in four insecticide resistance linked genes: ace-1, GSTe2, rdl and vgsc. Apart from vgsc, the other genes have been less investigated in Ae. aegypti, and almost no genetic diversity in…

Cuticular profiling of insecticide resistant Aedes aegypti.

Insecticides have made great strides in reducing the global burden of vector-borne disease. Nonetheless, serious public health concerns rema … n in a phenomenon referred to as cuticular resistance. Cuticular resistance characterization of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti , is lacking. In the current study, we utilized solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to gain insights into the c …

Bronchobiliary fistula caused after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage treatment: A case report.

RATIONALE: Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) plays a significant role especially in the diagnosis and decompression of bile duct obstruction. However, it is associated with complications such as hemobilia, occlusion of drainage, bile leakage, and even bronchobiliary fistula (BBF). PATIENT CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSES: We herein describe a patient with a complication of BBF caused by long-term indwelling PTBD catheters. She underwent multiple operations including bilioenteric anastomosis, hepatic left lateral lobectomy, and long-term PTBD treatment. Her symptoms were mainly cough, fe

Interstitial lung disease in Indonesian adult with systemic sclerotic: A rare case.

BACKGROUND: Systemic Sclerotic (SSc) with interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a rare autoimmune case. In Indonesia, SSc-ILD cases are still not widely reported. CASE PRESENTATION: A 43-year-old female complained fever, yellow phlegm, and shortness of breath for 1 week. The evaluation results based on the American College of Rheumatology and European League Against Rheumatism (ACR EULAR) classification criteria for systemic sclerosis showed a score of 17. The patient received Methylprednisolone 8 mg tab/8 hours, Meropenem 1 gr/8 hours, Ranitidine 50 mg/12 hours, Metoclopramide 10 mg/8 hours, KS

Aquatic Flaviviruses.

Flaviviruses are positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, including some well-known human pathogens such as Zika, dengue, and yellow fever viruses, which are primarily associated with mosquito and tick vectors. The vast majority of flavivirus research has focused on terrestrial environments; however, recent findings indicate that a range of flaviviruses are also present in aquatic environments, both marine and freshwater. These flaviviruses are found in various hosts, including fish, crustaceans, molluscs, and echinoderms. Although the effects of aquatic flaviviruses on the hosts they infec…

miRNAs of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus 1762) conserved in six orders of the class Insecta.

Aedes aegypti L. is the most important vector of arboviruses such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya, Mayaro, and yellow fever, which impact millions of people's health per year. MicroRNA profile has been described in some mosquito species as being important for biological processes such as digestion of blood, oviposition, sexual differentiation, insecticide resistance, and pathogens dissemination. We identified the miRNAs of Ae. aegypti females, males and eggs of a reference insecticide susceptible strain New Orleans and compared them with those other insects to determine miRNA fingerprint by new-g…

Intrathoracic Inoculation of Zika Virus in Aedes aegypti.

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the main vectors of many medically relevant arthropod-borne (arbo) viruses, including Zika (ZIKV), dengue (DENV), and yellow fever (YFV). Vector competence studies with Ae. aegypti often involve challenging mosquitoes with an artificial bloodmeal containing virus and later quantifying viral titer or infectious plaque-forming units (PFU) in various mosquito tissues at relevant time points post-infection. However, Ae. aegypti mosquitoes are known to exhibit midgut infection and escape barriers (MIB and MEB, respectively), which influence the prevalence and titer of a…

Липидное взаимодействие между Флавивирусами и Москито Векторами.

Флавивирусы, передающиеся через Москито, такие, как денге (ДЕНВ), Зика (ЗИКВ), желтая лихорадка (ГФВ), Западный Нил (ВНВ) и японский энцефалит (СЭВ), угрожают значительной части населения. В отсутствие терапевтических и эффективных вакцин против каждого флавивируса ключевое значение для новых стратегий вмешательства может иметь адресная работа с вирусными метаболическими требованиями у комаров. Разработка метаболомики за последнее десятилетие открыла новую область исследований: метаболомика комаров. Теперь ясно, что флавивирусы полагаются на липиды комаров, особенно фосфолипиды, для своего кле

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Mosquito-borne flaviviruses, such as dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), yellow fever (YFV), West Nile (WNV), and Japanese encephalitis (JEV) viruses, threaten a large part of the human populations. In absence of therapeutics and effective vaccines against each flaviviruses, targeting viral metabolic requirements in mosquitoes may hold the key to new intervention st…

The influence of vector-borne disease on human history: socio-ecological mechanisms.

Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) are embedded within complex socio-ecological systems. While research has traditionally focused on the direct ef … ave shaped society and culture, focusing on case studies from four pertinent VBDs: plague, malaria, yellow fever and trypanosomiasis. By comparing across diseases, time periods and geographies, we highlight the enormous scope and variety of mechanisms by which VBDs have influenced human history.

Hepatitis E virus outbreak associated with rainfall in the Central African Republic in 2008-2009.

BACKGROUND: Infection by hepatitis E virus (HEV) can cause a high burden of morbidity and mortality in countries with poor access to clean water and sanitation. Our study aimed to investigate the situation of HEV infections in the Central African Republic (CAR). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the blood samples and notification forms collected through the national yellow fever (YF) surveillance program, but for which a diagnosis of YF was discarded, was carried out using an anti-HEV IgM ELISA and a HEV-specific RT-PCR. RESULTS: Of 2883 YF-negative samples collected between January 2008 …

Larvicidal Activity of Cinnamic Acid Derivatives: Investigating Alternative Products for Aedes aegypti L. Control.

The mosquito Aedes aegypti transmits the virus that causes dengue, yellow fever, Zika and Chikungunya viruses, and in several regions of the planet represents a vector of great clinical importance. In terms of mortality and morbidity, infections caused by Ae. aegypti are among the most serious arthropod transmitted viral diseases. The present study investigated the larvicidal potential of seventeen cinnamic acid derivatives against fourth stage Ae. aegypti larvae. The larvicide assays were performed using larval mortality rates to determine lethal concentration (LC50). Compounds containing the…

CTLGA9 Interacts with ALP1 and APN Receptors To Modulate Cry11Aa Toxicity in Aedes aegypti.

The mosquito Aedes aegypti is associated with the spread of many viral diseases in humans, including Dengue virus (DENVs), Yellow fever virus (YFV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is widely used as a biopesticide, which produces Cry toxins for mosquito control. The Cry toxins bind mainly to important receptors, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aminopeptidase-N (APN). This work investigated the function of a C-type lectin, CTLGA9, in A. aegypti in response to Cry toxins. Our results showed by far-western blot and ELISA methods that the CTLT…

No evidence for viral small RNA production and antiviral function of Argonaute 2 in human cells.

RNA interference (RNAi) has strong antiviral activity in a range of animal phyla, but the extent to which RNAi controls virus infection in chordates, and specifically mammals remains incompletely understood. Here we analyze the antiviral activity of RNAi against a number of positive-sense RNA viruses using Argonaute-2 deficient human cells. In line with absence of virus-derived siRNAs, Sindbis virus, yellow fever virus, and encephalomyocarditis virus replicated with similar kinetics in wildtype cells and Argonaute-2 deficient cells. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) carrying mutations in the viral 3A p…

MVSE: An R-package that estimates a climate-driven mosquito-borne viral suitability index.

Viruses, such as dengue, Zika, yellow fever and chikungunya, depend on mosquitoes for transmission. Their epidemics typically present periodic patterns, linked to the underlying mosquito population dynamics, which are known to be driven by natural climate fluctuations. Understanding how climate dictates the timing and potential of viral transmission is essential for preparedness of public health systems and design of control strategies. While various alternative approaches have been proposed to estimate local transmission potential of such viruses, few open-source, ready to use and freely avai…

Pre-travel health care attendance among migrant travellers visiting friends and relatives (VFR): a 10-year retrospective analysis.

BACKGROUND: Travellers visiting friends and relatives (VFR) define a specific population of travellers exposed to higher risks for health an … el health care, 13.7% of whom were VFR travellers. These showed higher rates of vaccination against yellow fever and meningococcus, but lower rates for hepatitis A, hepatitis B, influenza, rabies, cholera, polio, typhoid IM vaccine and tetanus vaccine boosters. Regarding malaria prevention measures, results highlighted that VFR travellers, when compared with t …