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Impact of filarial infections on coincident intracellular pathogens: Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium falciparum.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To examine the consequences of the immune modulation seen in chronic filarial infection on responses to intracellular pathogens (and their antigens) that are often co-endemic with filarial infections, namely Plasmodium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. RECENT FINDINGS: Much of the recent data on filaria/mycobacteria or filaria/Plasmodium co-infection has focused on the modulation of mycobacteria-specific or malaria-specific responses by chronic filarial infection. As such, filarial infections very clearly alter the magnitude and quality of the mycobacteria-specific or malaria

Prevalence and co-infections of schistosomiasis/hepatitis B and C viruses among school children in an endemic areas in Taiz, Yemen.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the disease prevalence and its relationship with hepatitis B and C viruses among school children in five endemic areas by schistosomiasis. METHODS: During June 2007 and March 2009, 1 484 school children aged between 5 - 16 years participated in the current study from 32 basic schools in five districts (Al-Dhabab, Hedran, Warazan, Al-Barh and Al-Shmaytin) in Taiz Governorate, Republic of Yemen. Out of school children who participated in the study; 1 406 stool samples, 1 484 urine samples and 214 blood samples were collected and examined. RESULTS: Schistosoma mansoni (S

Community Pattern of Ectoparasite and Endoparasite Fauna of Urban-Dwelling Anurans in the Southwestern Coast of Sarawak, Borneo Island, Malaysia.

BACKGROUND: Urbanization has greatly influenced ecological interactions, impacting both host species and their parasites. Gaining insight in … intestinal (47.8% of D. melanostictus individuals) and blood parasites (10.0%), and showed frequent coinfections. Ectoparasites were infrequent and restricted to this host. Seven out of 10 parasite species are of potential zoonotic concern. CONCLUSION: These results offer a baseline overview of parasite fauna in urban anurans, identifying rainfall and temper …

Targeting Streptococcus mutans Antigen I/II To Inhibit Dual-Species Biofilms with Candida albicans.

We employed structure-based drug design to target the V-region of Streptococcus mutans antigen I/II (VAgI/II) and identified inhibitors of S. mutans (SM) - C. albicans (CA) dual-species biofilms. The lead compound, SN195, inhibited SM single-species biofilms and SM-CA dual-species biofilms at IC50 values of 49.9 and 23.6 μM, respectively, without affecting the planktonic growth of either microbe. SN195 at 100 μM did not affect the growth of the tested oral commensals. The X-ray cocrystal structure of SN195 bound to VAgI/II revealed crucial interactions in the vicinity of the conserved Ca2+ ion

Next-generation molecular tools in veterinary parasitology: advances, challenges, and perspectives in the diagnosis of emerging parasites.

Advances in molecular technologies have revolutionized veterinary parasitology, providing highly sensitive and specific tools for the detection, characterization, and surveillance of parasites in domestic and wildlife species. Approaches such as next-generation sequencing, metabarcoding, and metagenomics have significantly enhanced the ability to identify previously unknown or uncultivable species, detect complex coinfections, and deepen our understanding of parasite genetic diversity, evolution, and population dynamics. Beyond their impact on laboratory diagnostics, these tools have proven es…

Cytopenias in context: ethnoracial hematological trends among HIV-infected Africans and Russians: a review.

Cytopenias - particularly anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia - are common hematological manifestations among individuals living with h … while, Russian populations face unique challenges, including alcohol-induced marrow suppression and coinfections such as hepatitis C, which exacerbate leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. These disparities are further compounded by differences in healthcare access, nutritional status, and the timing of HIV diagnosis and treatment initiation.

Two decades of filariasis in India: Insights into prevalence, diagnostic challenges, and strategies for elimination by 2027.

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) remains endemic in India, with the National Centre for Vector Borne Disease Control targeting elimination by 2027 … filariasis) and diagnostic gaps (e.g., lack of filaria-specific tests) complicated management, with coinfections (e.g., with Leishmania, Plasmodium) further challenging treatment. Enhanced surveillance in non-endemic states, improved diagnostics, and a One Health approach integrating human, animal, and vector data will be critical for meeting LF elimination.

Metabolic Rigidity as a Mechanical Barrier to Malaria: Flickering Loss in PKLR-Deficient Erythrocytes.

Pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency is a rare hereditary enzymopathy caused by mutations in the PKLR gene, leading to reduced glycolytic ATP production in red blood cells (RBCs) and contributing to chronic hemolytic anemia. Here, we use high-speed flickering spectroscopy and non-invasive microrheology to assess how ATP depletion reshapes the nanomechanical properties of RBC membranes. Compared to healthy controls, PKLR-mutant erythrocytes exhibit marked reductions in ATP-dependent flickering amplitude and membrane fluidity, consistent with impaired metabolic elasticity. Strikingly, when infected w

Record of strep throat infections in Italy: what is needed to know about penicillin allergy? The point of view from the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (SIAIP).

Notifications of invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections have significantly increased in many European Countries compared to the previous season. In Italy, there has been an increase in streptococcal pharyngitis and scarlet fever cases since January 2023, which sparked concerns about a GAS epidemic in the pediatric population. This rise may be ascribed to the GAS infection season that began earlier than usual (off-season outbreak) and the increase in the spread of respiratory viruses and viral coinfections that raised the risk of iGAS disease. Moreover, this phenomenon was also facili…

Coronavirus and co-infections: A Saudi Arabian perspective.

Mortality due to infectious diseases continues to rise globally, despite advances in antimicrobial therapy and supportive care. This is evid … seases and re-emerging infections, such as Ebola, zika, and monkeypox, as well as in the context on coinfections. Future strategies to limit the spread of viral infections and the pivotal role of Saudi Arabia, are deliberated upon.

Clinical, molecular, and histological characteristics of severely necrotic and fatal mpox in HIV-infected patients.

BACKGROUND: This case series of 5 patients with severely necrotic mpox highlights the predominantly necrotic nature of lesions seen in cases … syndrome. Three patients died due to multiple organ failure, presumably associated with mpox since coinfections and opportunistic pathogens were ruled out. CONCLUSIONS: Severely necrotic manifestations of mpox in people living with advanced and untreated HIV are related to adverse outcomes.

Микробиальное разнообразие клещей и новая группа тифов (Rickettsiales Bacterium Ac37b) в Иннер-Монголии, Китай.

Тики могут нести многочисленные патогены, а животноводство во внутренней Монголии обеспечивает прекрасные экологические условия для клещей. Это исследование было посвящено микробиоме клещей из различных географических районов Внутренней Монголии; у овец в трех основных пастбищах и в кустах, расположенных в лесу, было собрано 905 дермосентёрских орехов и 36 иксодов Персулката. Образцы смешанной ДНК были получены из трех образцов из каждого региона и клещей. Микробиальное разнообразие было проанализировано на основе последовательности 16S rRNA, и было определено разнообразие α и β. Доминирующим

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Ticks can carry multiple pathogens, and Inner Mongolia's animal husbandry provides excellent environmental conditions for ticks. This study … bacterium Ac37b was found in D. nuttalli from Ordos and Chifeng. Potential Rickettsia and Anaplasma coinfections were observed in the Ordos region. Tick microbial diversity analysis in Inner Mongolia suggests that sheep at the sampling sites were exposed to multiple pathogens.

Disseminated Histoplasmosis, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, and Cytomegalovirus Disease in a Renal Transplant Recipient after Infection with SARS-CoV-2.

INTRODUCTION: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 increases the risk of acute graft dysfunction (AGD) in renal transplant recipients (RTR), and the ri … egimen should be gradually reinstated along with strict vigilance in observing for highly prevalent coinfections (TB, HP, and CMV).

Potential environmental and health risk when returning to normal amidst COVID-19 vaccination.

Due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and restricted occupancy in work and school settings, there is a heightened risk for Legionella infection. An increase of stagnation in water pipe systems with limited water usage stimulates biofilm build-up, further facilitating Legionella proliferation. Individuals can inhale infected water aerosols and develop Legionellosis that can progress into mild flu-like symptoms or severe pneumonia. While SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations have been introduced globally, there is a concern for bacterial coinfections as individuals resume normal activities. Even with new SARS-CoV-2 …

Clinicopathologic features between different viral epidemic outbreaks involving the skin.

The current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has exceeded any epidemiologic prevision, but increasing information suggests some analogies with the major viral outbreaks of the last century. A general warning has been issued on the possibility that coinfections can make differential diagnosis and treatment difficult, especially in tropical countries. Some reports have pointed out that the presence of high Dengue antibodies can give a false-negative result for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Mucocutaneous manifestations are very frequent, with an apparent overlap among differen…

Brazilian Protocol for Sexually Transmitted Infections 2020: viral hepatitis.

This article discusses viral hepatitis, a theme addressed by the Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines to Comprehensive Care for People with Sexually Transmitted Infections and, more precisely, by the Clinical Protocols and Therapeutic Guidelines for Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C and Coinfections, published by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Besides the broad spectrum of health impairment, hepatitis A, B, and C viruses also present different transmission forms, whether parenteral, sexual, vertical, or fecal-oral. Among the strategies suggested for the control of viral hepatitis, in addi…

Seroprevalence of Antibodies against Tick-Borne Pathogens in Czech Patients with Suspected Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome.

The hypothesized importance of coinfections in the pathogenesis of post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) leads to the use of combined, ongoing antimicrobial treatment in many cases despite the absence of symptoms typical of the presence of infection with specific pathogens. Serum samples from 103 patients with suspected post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome were tested for the presence of antibodies to the major tick-borne pathogens Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Bartonella henselae/Bartonella quinatana, and Babesia microti. Although the presence of anti-Anaplasma antibodies was detected in …