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Микроэкология и тренировка: целевое воздействие на ось микробиота-Гут-Брэйна для лечения заболеваний центральной нервной системы.

Кишечная микробиота (ГМ) может играть решающую роль в развитии и развитии заболеваний центральной нервной системы (ЦНС). Микроэкология и упражнение могут влиять на состав и функции ГМ, оказывая тем самым позитивное воздействие на НКЦ. Ожидается, что комбинированные физические упражнения и микроэкология позволят более комплексно и эффективно решать проблемы, связанные с заболеваниями CNS, через ось микробиота-гут-мозгов (MMBA), потенциально превысив результаты отдельных мероприятий. Однако в настоящее время по этой теме не проводится соответствующих обзоров. В этом обзоре мы изучаем взаимосвязь

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… In addition, it has been found that giving stress-induced inulin to mice can significantly increase the content of SCFAs in the cecum, particularly acetate and propionate [ 159 ], while reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and corticosterone levels associated with stress [ 165 ]. …

The Effects of Artificial Sweeteners on Intestinal Nutrient-Sensing Receptors: Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde?

The consumption of artificial and low-calorie sweeteners (ASs, LCSs) is an important component of the Western diet. ASs play a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, dysbiosis, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), and various inflammatory conditions. Intestinal nutrient-sensing receptors act as a crosstalk between dietary components, the gut microbiota, and the regulation of immune, endocrinological, and neurological responses. This narrative review aimed to summarize the possible effects of ASs and LCSs on intestinal nutrient-sensing receptors and their related functions. Based on the

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… Aspartame could elevate the serum corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels [ 94 ]. There are studies on the connection of aspartame to carcinogenesis. …

Therapeutic and immunomodulatory effects of Bojungikki-tang on cancer: a scoping review.

BackgroundCancer remains a major global health concern, with conventional treatments often limited by side effects and resistance. Bojungikki-tang (BJIKT), a traditional herbal formula, has shown promise in alleviating cancer-related symptoms and enhancing anti-cancer effects when combined with conventional treatments. As immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become the standard for cancer treatment, a combination of BJIKT and ICIs may exhibit immune-mediated anti-cancer effects. This review aims to summarize the recent evidence on BJIKT use in cancer treatment, investigate its immunomodula

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… Restored antitumor T cell responses by normalizing serum corticosterone, IL-12, and costimulatory molecule expression 2. Maintained NK cell activity and suppression of stress mediators 3. Inhibited proinflammatory cytokine production, particularly IL-6 4. Enhanced cisplatin-induced apoptosis 5. …

Abstracts of the 3rd International Conference on Cancer Cachexia, September 23–25, 2016 in Washington, DC, USA

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… WT mice showed increased serum corticosterone 4 hours after IP LPS injection, while TRIFKO mice did not show a significant increase (315.2 vs. 154.8 ng/ml, p < .001). …

MicroRNAs and Glucocorticoid-Induced Apoptosis in Lymphoid Malignancies.

The initial response of lymphoid malignancies to glucocorticoids (GCs) is a critical parameter predicting successful treatment. Although being known as a strong inducer of apoptosis in lymphoid cells for almost a century, the signaling pathways regulating the susceptibility of the cells to GCs are only partly revealed. There is still a need to develop clinical tests that can predict the outcome of GC therapy. In this paper, I discuss important parameters modulating the pro-apoptotic effects of GCs, with a specific emphasis on the microRNA world comprised of small players with big impacts. The

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… Corticosterone and other steroids were found to directly act on mitochondria to inhibit mitochondrial ATP production by suppressing electron transfer from NADH to the electron transfer chain through complex I [ 280 ]. 2.4. …

The Glucocorticoid Receptor: Isoforms, Functions, and Contribution to Glucocorticoid Sensitivity.

Glucocorticoids exert pleiotropic effects on all tissues to regulate cellular and metabolic homeostasis. Synthetic forms are used therapeutically in a wide range of conditions for their anti-inflammatory benefits, at the cost of dose and duration-dependent side effects. Significant variability occurs between tissues, disease states, and individuals with regard to both the beneficial and deleterious effects. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is the site of action for these hormones and a vast body of work has been conducted understanding its function. Traditionally, it was thought that the anti-

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… In rodent studies, the sex differences in HPA axis function are consistent, demonstrating elevated basal and stress-induced corticosterone levels in female rodents (regardless of the stressor) with more frequent and greater amplitude of secretory pulses measured when assessing diurnal rhythmicity ( 55 …

Адипоцитный β-гидроксибутират обеспечивает метаболическую стойкость в множестве миеломы.

Множественная миелома (ММ) остается неизлечимым раком крови. Ожирение является известным фактором риска, но то, как адипоциты способствуют прогрессу MM, не в полной мере понятно. Здесь мы обнаруживаем метаболический перекресток между адипоцитами и клетками MM, который способствует выживанию клеток MM под глюкозой. Мы показываем, что ограничение глюкозы активирует АМПК, срывает связь HSP90-IRF4 и делает IRF4 восприимчивым к протеасомной деградации при помощи TRIM21. Парадоксально, но такой же стресс стимулирует адипоциты к производству β-гидроксибутирата (β-OHB). Клетки MM используют β-OHB при

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… Ketogenic diet promotes tumor ferroptosis but induces relative corticosterone deficiency that accelerates cachexia. Cell Metab. 35 , 1147–1162 (2023). 42. Ozcan, M. et al. Sustained alternate-day fasting potentiates doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. Cell Metab. 35 , 928–942.e924 (2023). 43. …

Nutritional approaches in combating therapeutic resistance and enhancing treatment efficacy in cancer: the impact of ketogenic diets.

Cancer remains a major global health challenge, with therapeutic resistance significantly limiting treatment success. Traditional approaches, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, often encounter barriers such as metastasis and adverse effects on healthy tissues. The Warburg effect, which describes cancer cells’ reliance on glucose fermentation despite oxygen availability, has prompted investigations into alternative metabolic interventions. The ketogenic diet (KD), characterized by high fat intake and low carbohydrate intake, induces a metabolic shift that may selectively disadva

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… Ketogenic diet promotes tumor ferroptosis but induces relative corticosterone deficiency that accelerates cachexia. Cell Metab. 2023;35(7):1147-62.e7. 150. Tran Q, Lee H, Kim C, Kong G, Gong N, Kwon SH, et al. Revisiting the Warburg Effect: diet-based strategies for cancer prevention. …

Воспаление и иммунная микроокружающая среда в миелопролазерных неоплазмах: патогенные механизмы и терапевтические возможности.

Филадельфия-отрицательная (Ph-отрицательная) миелопролиферативные новообразования (MPNs) включают полицифемию (PV), основную тромбоцитемию (ET) и первичный миэлофиброз (PMF), которые являются клональными гематопоэтическими расстройствами, вызванными соматическими генными мутациями в генах JAK2, CALR или MPL. Мутации активируют путь JAK-STAT и прерывают сигнализацию NF-IB, что приводит к хроническому подстрекательству, вызванному провоспалительными цитокинами и реактивными видами кислорода (ROS). Эта изменившаяся микроокружающая среда вызывает серьезные клинические особенности заболевания, таки

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… Physiologic corticosterone oscillations regulate murine hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell proliferation and CXCL12 expression by bone marrow stromal progenitors Leukemia 2013 27 2006 2015 10.1038/leu.2013.154 23680895 114. Spanoudakis E. Papoutselis M. Bazdiara I. Lamprianidi E. Kordella X. …

Unraveling the Potential of SGK1 in Osteoporosis: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targets.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent metabolic bone disease, with several million cases of fractures resulting from osteoporosis worldwide each year. This phenomenon contributes to a substantial increase in direct medical expenditures and poses a considerable socioeconomic burden. Despite its prevalence, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. Recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of serum glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 1 (SGK1) in multiple signaling pathways that regulate bone metabolism and its significant role in the development of osteoporosis. There

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… The augmentation of SGK1 activity expedited corticosterone/salt-induced renal injury, in addition to calcium and phosphorus metabolism abnormalities and osteoporosis. …

The Genetics and Epigenetics of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome.

Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2del) is a complex, multi-organ disorder noted for its varying severity and penetrance among those affected. The clinical problems comprise congenital malformations; cardiac problems including outflow tract defects, hypoplasia of the thymus, hypoparathyroidism, and/or dysmorphic facial features. Additional clinical issues that can appear over time are autoimmunity, renal insufficiency, developmental delay, malignancy and neurological manifestations such as schizophrenia. The majority of individuals with 22q11.2del have a 3 Mb deletion of DNA on chrom

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… Of relevance, this strain of mice is more sensitive to stress, as assessed by the higher corticosterone levels in the blood ( Ramírez-Rosas et al., 2019 ). Children with 22q11.2del have higher levels of cortisol relative to age-matched controls ( Jacobson et al., 2016 ). …

АКНП 60th Ежегодное совещание: выдержки из плакатов P276 - P550.

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… behavior as well as critical changes in physiological readouts relevant to HPA axis activity (social avoidance test: social interaction ratio, t54 = 1.825, p = 0.07; open field test: total distance, t54 = 5.191, p < 0.0001; elevated plus maze: number of open arm entries, t54 = 2.005, p < 0.05; baseline corticosterone …

Биология и болезни крыс

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… ) | ng/dl | 66 ± 3.5 | 83 ± 3 (Long-Evans) Free T 4 | ng/dl | 2.212 ± 0.055 a | Free T 3 | pg/dl | 208.49 ± 8.55 a | Calcitonin | pg/ml | 200–1000 a (F-344/9 months) | Parathyroid hormone | pg/ml | 140–180 | <50–400 (Sprague-Dawley) 1,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D | pg/ml | 120 ± 24 | 96 ± 17 (Wistar) Corticosterone …

Chronic stress in solid tumor development: from mechanisms to interventions.

Chronic stress results in disturbances of body hormones through the neuroendocrine system. Cancer patients often experience recurrent anxiety and restlessness during disease progression and treatment, which aggravates disease progression and hinders treatment effects. Recent studies have shown that chronic stress-regulated neuroendocrine systems secret hormones to activate many signaling pathways related to tumor development in tumor cells. The activated neuroendocrine system acts not only on tumor cells but also modulates the survival and metabolic changes of surrounding non-cancerous cells.

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… Corticosterone production during repeated social defeat causes monocyte mobilization from the bone marrow, glucocorticoid resistance, and neurovascular adhesion molecule expression. J Neurosci. 2018;38(9):2328–2340. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2568-17.2018. 109. …

Chronic stress and myeloid immunosuppression in cancer: A neuroimmune link to behavioral dysfunction.

Cancer progression is profoundly influenced by the complex interplay between the tumor microenvironment (TME), the immune system, and the patient's psychological state. This review delineates a critical pathway linking chronic stress to worsened cancer outcomes through inflammatory factors, anti-tumor immune suppression, and the induction of behavioral comorbidities. We postulate that sustained stress hormone signaling via the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation orchestrates a systemic immunosuppressive cascade. A central mechanism is the stress-induce

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… In addition, species differences in stress physiology must be considered (e.g., rodents are primarily corticosterone-dominant, whereas humans are cortisol-dominant), as well as neuroendocrine rhythms, housing temperature, and baseline immune set-points, which can influence immune readouts and tumor trajectories …

Resveratrol: Molecular Mechanisms, Health Benefits, and Potential Adverse Effects.

Resveratrol (RES), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, has garnered significant attention due to its diverse biological activities, which include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiaging properties. This review synthesizes current evidence concerning the molecular mechanisms, therapeutic efficacy, and safety profile of RES across a variety of pathologies, with an emphasis on the latest research conducted in recent years. Mechanistically, RES is known to modulate critical signaling pathways such as the activation of sirtuin 1. These actions collectively contribute to the attenuati

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… This enzyme activates glucocorticoids in rodents by converting 11‐dehydrocorticosterone to corticosterone, and in humans, by transforming cortisone into cortisol. …

The Multifaceted Nature of GLP-1: Molecular Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways in Metabolic and Neurodegenerative Diseases.

The aim of this article is to present the current state of knowledge regarding the use of GLP-1 agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and other potential clinical indications, including neurodegenerative conditions. The article describes the characteristics of the diseases discussed, with particular emphasis on the pathophysiological mechanisms and the impact of metabolic disorders on the course of the diseases. In addition, the specific role of GLP-1 receptor agonists and their mechanisms of action leading to improved clinical outcomes were discussed, including their impact o

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… Under stress, corticosterone levels increase, which reinforces mechanisms that promote addictive behaviors, including an increased desire to use intoxicating substances. …

Glucocorticoids-based prodrug design: Current strategies and research progress.

Attributing to their broad pharmacological effects encompassing anti-inflammation, antitoxin, and immunosuppression, glucocorticoids (GCs) are extensively utilized in the clinic for the treatment of diverse diseases such as lupus erythematosus, nephritis, arthritis, ulcerative colitis, asthma, keratitis, macular edema, and leukemia. However, long-term use often causes undesirable side effects, including metabolic disorders-induced Cushing's syndrome (buffalo back, full moon face, hyperglycemia, etc.), osteoporosis, aggravated infection, psychosis, glaucoma, and cataract. These notorious side e

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… Notably, analysis of biomarkers for procollagen type 1N-terminal propeptide and corticosterone indicated that the ADCs had a suitable therapeutic window. …

Humanistic Health Management and Cancer: Associations of Psychology, Nutrition, and Exercise with Cancer Progression and Pathogenesis.

The incidence rate of cancer is increasing year by year due to the aging of the population, unhealthy living, and eating habits. At present, surgery and medication are still the main treatments for cancer, without paying attention to the impact of individual differences in health management on cancer. However, increasing evidence suggests that individual psychological status, dietary habits, and exercise frequency are closely related to the risk and prognosis of cancer. The reminder to humanity is that the medical concept of the unified treatment plan is insufficient in cancer treatment, and a

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… These stress hormones promote the occurrence and development of cancers through various mechanisms such as inducing DNA damage, increasing p53 degradation, and regulating the tumor microenvironment. [ 113 ] Corticosteroids include glucocorticoids and corticosterones. …

Ionic Plasticity: Common Mechanistic Underpinnings of Pathology in Spinal Cord Injury and the Brain.

The neurotransmitter GABA is normally characterized as having an inhibitory effect on neural activity in the adult central nervous system (CNS), which quells over-excitation and limits neural plasticity. Spinal cord injury (SCI) can bring about a modification that weakens the inhibitory effect of GABA in the central gray caudal to injury. This change is linked to the downregulation of the potassium/chloride cotransporter (KCC2) and the consequent rise in intracellular Cl- in the postsynaptic neuron. As the intracellular concentration increases, the inward flow of Cl- through an ionotropic GABA