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Bacterial Metabolites and Inflammatory Skin Diseases.

The microbiome and gut-skin axis are popular areas of interest in recent years concerning inflammatory skin diseases. While many bacterial species have been associated with commensalism of both the skin and gastrointestinal tract in certain disease states, less is known about specific bacterial metabolites that regulate host pathways and contribute to inflammation. Some of these metabolites include short chain fatty acids, amine, and tryptophan derivatives, and more that when dysregulated, have deleterious effects on cutaneous disease burden. This review aims to summarize the knowledge of weal

Standardizing a microbiome pipeline for body fluid identification from complex crime scene stains.

Recent advances in next-generation sequencing have opened up new possibilities for applying the human microbiome in various fields, including forensics. Researchers have capitalized on the site-specific microbial communities found in different parts of the body to identify body fluids from biological evidence. Despite promising results, microbiome-based methods have not been integrated into forensic practice due to the lack of standardized protocols and systematic testing of methods on forensically relevant samples. Our study addresses critical decisions in establishing these protocols, focusi

Exploratory multi-omics analysis reveals host-microbe interactions associated with disease severity in psoriatic skin.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis (Pso) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that poses both physical and psychological challenges. Dysbiosis of the skin microbiome has been implicated in Pso, yet a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of host-microbe interactions is still lacking. To bridge this gap, we conducted an exploratory study by adopting the integrated approach that combines whole metagenomic shotgun sequencing with skin transcriptomics. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study, adult patients with plaque-type Psoriasis (Pso) and healthy volunteers were included. Skin microbiota samples and bio…

Skin benefits of moisturising body wash formulas for children with atopic dermatitis: A randomised controlled clinical study in China.

BACKGROUND: It acknowledged that skin care is an important part of atopic dermatitis therapy. However, clinical evidences are limited for th … mulas with lipids in reducing the needs for corticosteroid and improving the healthy composition of skin microbiome vs. the mild synthetic bar soap.

Keratinocyte Priming by Staphylococcus aureus Reduces HSV-1 Susceptibility.

BACKGROUND: Individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) are at increased risk for skin infections, including eczema herpeticum (EH), a severe condition caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). While AD skin is often colonized by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), its role in EH susceptibility remains unclear. Here we aim to investigate differences in the skin microbiome of AD patients with (ADEH+) and without (ADEH-) EH and examine the impact of S. aureus and S. epidermidis on HSV-1 infection in an in vitro keratinocyte model. METHODS: 16S microbiome sequencing was performed on skin samples…

Microbiome-Dependent Protection against Corynebacterium bovis-Associated Hyperkeratosis in Nude Mice (Mus musculus).

Corynebacterium bovis, the causative agent of Corynebacterium-associated hyperkeratosis (CAH), is an important pathogen in immunocompromised mice that is difficult to eliminate and can confound research outcomes. We recently observed that CAH severity varies among outbred athymic nude mouse stocks, but the relative contributions of host genetics and the microbiome remain unclear. We hypothesized that disease course and severity vary based on host genetic stock and/or microbiome composition. Three nude mouse stocks were rederived into the axenic state and either monoinfected with a pathogenic C

Влияние перорального и кожного микробиота на риск и остроту множественных склерозов: менделийский анализ случайности.

Недавно проведенные исследования по вопросу о воздействии кишечного микробиота на множественный склероз (MS) были обширными; однако роль микробного состава в других интерфейсах тела, таких, как рот и кожа, получила гораздо меньше внимания. В качестве первого шага на пути к устранению этого пробела мы использовали менделианскую рендемизацию (MR) — аналитический подход с использованием генетических вариантов в качестве предпочтений воздействия на окружающую среду для оценки причинно-следственной связи между фактором риска и результатом. Здесь мы провели двухвыборный анализ MR для оценки связи ме

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Recent research on the impact of gut microbiota on multiple sclerosis (MS) has been extensive; however, the role of microbial composition in … tor and an outcome. Here, we performed a two-sample MR analysis to assess the link between oral and skin microbiome composition and both MS risk and severity. Exposure data were extracted from summary statistics of two large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) assessing the influence of host genetics on the microbiome composition of the oral cavity and skin. O …

Host-Microbiome Interactions in Chronic Itch.

Chronic itch is a debilitating condition characterized by persistent pruritus lasting more than six weeks, significantly impairing quality of life. While the role of the immune system and neural circuits in itch is increasingly understood, the contribution of the skin microbiome, especially in non-atopic itch disorders, remains underexplored. This review synthesizes emerging evidence on how microbial dysbiosis contributes to chronic pruritus through multiple molecular pathways: disruption of skin barrier integrity, modulation of neuroimmune signaling axes, and direct activation of pruriceptors…

Microbial profiling of urothelial carcinoma and benign bladder tissue from formalin-fixed specimens.

PURPOSE: Host-associated microbiota can influence host immunity and tumor responses. Emerging evidence suggests the bladder microbiome contributes to urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC), though most data come from urine samples. Urinary microbiomes are different in UCC compared to inflamed bladder, though their impact on host immune responses is understudied. Similarly, the effect of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) treatment on bladder microbiome remains unexplored. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) specimens from UCC tu

Selective Modulation of Cutibacterium acnes Biofilms in Acne: Limitations of Conventional Therapies and Emerging Anti-Virulence Strategies.

Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial inflammatory skin disorder in which Cutibacterium acnes biofilm formation contributes to disease persistence, antimicrobial tolerance, and treatment failure. Conventional therapies primarily target bacterial viability but often fail to address biofilm-associated resilience and strain-specific virulence. Emerging strategies have therefore shifted toward the selective modulation of bacterial behavior rather than broad-spectrum eradication, with the aim of attenuating pathogenicity while minimizing disruption of the skin microbiome. This review critically evaluat…

Cause or effect? Interpreting emerging evidence for dysbiosis in systemic sclerosis.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an immune-mediated fibrotic disease affecting skin, lung and gut which are all sites with an established microbiome. Altered microbial flora may occur and contribute to the initiation, progression or severity of disease. However, dysbiosis could also be secondary to the disease or immunosuppressive therapy. Here we consider how lessons could be learned from gastroenterology, a speciality where dysbiosis is strongly implicated in disease mechanism and treatment. This could be highly relevant to molecular pathology of skin in SSc and could drive the inflammatory gene

Serum Zonulin and Its Role in Rosacea Pathogenesis: A Comprehensive Estimation Study.

INTRODUCTION: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder distinguished by recurrent episodes of inflammatory papules, persistent erythema, facial flushing, pustules, and telangiectasia. Any disturbance in the gut microbiome could influence the immune system equilibrium in rosacea by releasing zonulin, leading to increased intestinal permeability and the passage of many microbes into the circulation, causing inflammation. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to estimate the serum zonulin levels in cases with rosacea compared with healthy controls. Some fecal bacteria were investigated in an attempt to fi

Morphological and genetic factors shape the microbiome of a seabird species (Oceanodroma leucorhoa) more than environmental and social factors.

BACKGROUND: The microbiome provides multiple benefits to animal hosts that can profoundly impact health and behavior. Microbiomes are well-characterized in humans and other animals in controlled settings, yet assessments of wild bird microbial communities remain vastly understudied. This is particularly true for pelagic seabirds with unique life histories that differ from terrestrial bird species. This study was designed to examine how morphological, genetic, environmental, and social factors affect the microbiome of a burrow-nesting seabird species, Leach's storm petrel (Oceanodroma leucorhoa

Dynamic changes of gut and skin microbiota in pancreatic cancer-induced skin injury.

BACKGROUND: Skin lesions can occur during the progression of pancreatic cancer. With growing attention on the gut-skin axis, these lesions may be linked to the microbiota. Microbiota play a crucial role in skin-related conditions, including hair loss and overall skin health. However, few studies have investigated the dynamic changes in gut and skin microbiota associated with skin lesions during cancer progression. In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to investigate the dynamic changes of the gut microbiota in mice without non-depilation (Unepi) and depilation (Epi) after PAN02 cell

Linear and nonlinear correlation estimators unveil undescribed taxa interactions in microbiome data.

It is well-known that human gut microbiota form an ecosystem where microbes interact with each other. Due to complex underlying interactions, some microbes may correlate nonlinearly. There are no measures in the microbiome literature we know of that quantify these nonlinear relationships. Here, we develop a methodology called Sparse Estimation of Correlations among Microbiomes (SECOM) for estimating linear and nonlinear relationships among microbes while maintaining the sparsity. SECOM accounts for both sample and taxon-specific biases in its model. Its statistical properties are evaluated ana

Bioactive: A new era of bioactive ingredients in topical formulations for inflammatory dermatoses.

Moisturization is the pillar of daily skin care and has significant benefit in improving hydration, strengthening the skin barrier, and ameliorating inflammatory dermatoses. Bioactive ingredients such as endocannabinoids, bioactive lipids, growth factors, microbiome modulators, and antioxidant enzymes are increasingly being incorporated into moisturizer formulations. These novel ingredients have been shown to improve skin barrier function, upregulate barrier lipid synthesis, decrease itch and inflammation, and have antioxidative properties. In this article, we highlight evidence supporting the

Military-Related Exposures, Social Determinants of Health, and Dysbiosis: The United States-Veteran Microbiome Project (US-VMP).

Significant effort has been put forth to increase understanding regarding the role of the human microbiome in health- and disease-related processes. In turn, the United States (US) Veteran Microbiome Project (US-VMP) was conceptualized as a means by which to serially collect microbiome and health-related data from those seeking care within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). In this manuscript, exposures related to military experiences, as well as conditions and health-related factors among patients seen in VHA clinical settings are discussed in relation to common psychological and physi

The Multifaceted Effects of Berberine: Potential Uses in Dermatology.

Berberine is a natural alkaloid found in several plant species and has been utilized in traditional medicine for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Berberine supplements are readily available over-the-counter in the United States. It has recently gained popularity on social media and is increasingly being used as complementary and alternative medicine. Berberine possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties, which may be a result of its potent antioxidant properties and its regulatory effects on the gut microbiome. Acne, atopic dermatitis, pigmentary d

Recent advances and clinical relevance of microbiome dynamics in health and disease.

The human microbiome, comprising trillions of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and archaea, represents an essential partner in human biology rather than a passive collection of microbes. These microbial communities inhabit diverse niches, including the gut, skin, oral cavity, respiratory tract, and urogenital system, where they contribute to digestion, vitamin biosynthesis, immune development, and regulation of host metabolism. Their dynamic interactions form a complex ecosystem that profoundly shapes health across the lifespan. However, with ever increasing reports on the microbiome including percei

Application of Topical Sandalore® Increases Epidermal Dermcidin Synthesis in Organ-Cultured Human Skin ex vivo.

INTRODUCTION: Several olfactory receptors (ORs) are expressed in human skin, where they regulate skin pigmentation, barrier function, wound … nocytes, we hypothesized that it may modulate intraepidermal AMP synthesis, thereby contributing to skin microbiome management. METHODS: We investigated this hypothesis in organ-cultured human skin in the presence of Sandalore® and antibiotics and evaluated epidermal production of two AMPs, LL37 (cathelicidin) and dermcidin (DCD), as well as OR2AT4, by quantitat …