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Prevention of tooth extraction-triggered bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws with basic fibroblast growth factor: An experimental study in rats.

Osteonecrosis of the jaw induced by administration of bisphosphonates (BPs), BP-related osteonecrosis (BRONJ), typically develops after tooth extraction and is medically challenging. As BPs inhibit oral mucosal cell growth, we hypothesized that suppression of the wound healing-inhibiting effects could prevent BRONJ onset after tooth extraction. Since basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) promotes wound healing, but has a short half-life, we examined whether the initiation of BRONJ could be prevented by applying a bFGF-containing gelatin hydrogel over the extraction sockets of BRONJ model rats.

Immunosuppressants/Immunomodulators and Malignancy.

Individuals with immunosuppressive conditions are at a higher risk of developing malignancies than those in the general population. Immunosuppression weakens tumor immunity, hinders the detection of pro-oncogenic cells, and activates oncogenic viruses. Malignancies arising in immunosuppressed patients tend to be aggressive, have a high incidence of virus-associated cancers, and are reversible in some cases. Notably, immunosuppressive agents influence the frequency and type of malignancies, as well as their clinicopathological features. Organ transplant recipients receive long-term immunosuppre

The efficacy of lavender oil on fatigue and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancy receiving chemotherapy: a single-blind randomized controlled trial.

PurposeThe aim of this study is to evaluate how aromatherapy with the inhalation of lavender oil affects fatigue and sleep quality in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing chemotherapy.MethodsThis randomized, parallel-group study was carried out in the Adult Bone Marrow Transplant unit and Hematology-Oncology clinics between January 2022 and April 2023. A total of 120 patients were assigned to experimental and control groups by randomization. The study was completed with 100 patients including 50 in the experimental group and 50 in the control group. Lavender essential oil was ap

Оценка медицинских препаратов с учетом интересов пациентов: разработка, совершенствование и проверка стратегии поиска материалов для получения результатов соответствующих исследований.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Плохое индексирование и непоследовательное использование терминов и ключевых слов могут помешать эффективному поиску результатов исследований по оценке рисков, связанных с получением лекарств, с учетом интересов пациентов. Мы стремились разработать и утвердить объективно разработанную стратегию поиска контента, содержащую общие термины поиска, которые могут быть адаптированы для любого поиска доказательств наличия у пациентов БРА лекарств в любой области лечения.Мы использовали мощный многоэтапный процесс для разработки и подтверждения стратегии поиска контента: (1) мы разработали ба

Management of herpesvirus reactivations in patients with solid tumours and hematologic malignancies: update of the Guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society for Hematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO) on herpes simplex virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 2, and varicella zoster virus.

Clinical reactivations of herpes simplex virus or varicella zoster virus occur frequently among patients with malignancies and manifest particularly as herpes simplex stomatitis in patients with acute leukaemia treated with intensive chemotherapy and as herpes zoster in patients with lymphoma or multiple myeloma. In recent years, knowledge on reactivation rates and clinical manifestations has increased for conventional chemotherapeutics as well as for many new antineoplastic agents. This guideline summarizes current evidence on herpesvirus reactivation in patients with solid tumours and hemato

Daratumumab in systemic lupus erythematosus: a single-arm phase 2 trial.

Antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) play a central role in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This single-arm, open-label, phase 2 clinical trial aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the ASC-depleting anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab in patients with SLE (NCT04810754). The primary endpoint is the reduction in serum anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody levels at week 12. Key secondary end points include safety, clinical efficacy, and immunologic changes. Ten female patients with active disease and inadequate responses to at least two immunosuppressi

Pain Management in Patients with Multiple Myeloma: An Update.

Most patients with multiple myeloma (MM) suffer from chronic pain at every stage of the natural disease process. This review focuses on the most common causes of chronic pain in MM patients: (1) pain from myeloma bone disease (MBD); (2) chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy as a possible consequence of proteasome inhibitor therapy (i.e., bortezomib-induced); (3) post-herpetic neuralgia as a possible complication of varicella zoster virus reactivation because of post-transplantation immunodepression; and (4) pain in cancer survivors, with increasing numbers due to the success of antiblasti

Review of the Longitudinal Management of Autoimmune Encephalitis, Potential Biomarkers, and Novel Therapeutics.

Purpose of reviewIncreasing awareness and earlier diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) have led to a greater number of patients being cared for longitudinally by neurologists. Although many neurologists are now familiar with the general approach to diagnosis and acute immunosuppression, this review aims to provide neurologists with guidance related to management beyond the acute phase of disease, including long-term immunosuppression, monitoring, potential biomarkers of disease activity, outcome measures, and symptom management.Recent findingsObservational studies in AE have demonstrated

Multi-Targeting DKK1 and LRP6 Prevents Bone Loss and Improves Fracture Resistance in Multiple Myeloma.

An imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation underlies the devastating osteolytic lesions and subsequent fractures seen in more than 90% of multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Currently, Wnt-targeted therapeutic agents that prevent soluble antagonists of the Wnt signaling pathway, sclerostin (SOST) and dickkopf-1 (DKK1), have been shown to prevent bone loss and improve bone strength in preclinical models of MM. In this study, we show increasing Wnt signaling via a novel anti-low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) antibody, which potentiates Wnt1-class ligand signaling

Crosslink between atrial fibrillation and cancer: a therapeutic conundrum.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is more common in patients with malignancies than in general population. The pathophysiological processes include the pro-inflammatory condition and the exaggerated inflammatory reaction to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery interventions. Thus, it is pivotal to decrease morbidity and mortality in this group by providing appropriate care and prevention. In this subset, the risk of thromboembolic and bleeding events is high and the common risk score such as CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED employed in non-oncologic patients have limited evidence in cancer patients. A pauc

Recent Advances in Nanoparticle-Based Co-Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy.

Cancer therapies have advanced tremendously throughout the last decade, yet multiple factors still hinder the success of the different cancer therapeutics. The traditional therapeutic approach has been proven insufficient and lacking in the suppression of tumor growth. The simultaneous delivery of multiple small-molecule chemotherapeutic drugs and genes improves the effectiveness of each treatment, thus optimizing efficacy and improving synergistic effects. Nanomedicines integrating inorganic, lipid, and polymeric-based nanoparticles have been designed to regulate the spatiotemporal release of

Прогресс в лечении множественной миеломы.

Множественная миелома (ММ) является вторым по распространенности гематологической злокачественности в мире. Несмотря на свою репутацию агрессивного и смертельного заболевания, недавние улучшения в лечении значительно улучшили результаты лечения. За последнее десятилетие появились инновационные методы лечения с меньшим числом побочных эффектов, включая протеиновые ингибиторы (например, борцезомиб, карфилзомиб, ixazomib), моноколональные антитела (например, даратумумаб, изатуксимаб, элотузумаб), иммуномуляторы (например, талидомид, линалидомид, помалидомид) и кортикостероиды (например, дексамета

Oral arsenic trioxide for treating acute promyelocytic leukaemia: Implications for its worldwide epidemiology and beyond.

This account describes how orally administered Arsenic-trioxide (ATO) therapy influences the epidemiology of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), and how the experience that ensued may expand the indications for oral ATO as a treatment for diseases/disorders other than APL. Over the last two decades, experience with APL patients in Hong Kong treated with an oral regimen comprising ATO, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and ascorbic acid (also known as "AAA") has confirmed a dramatic improvement in overall survival. Over that period, there has been an estimated 60-fold increase in the prevalence

Linoleate-pazopanib conjugation as active pharmacological ingredient to abolish hepatocellular carcinoma growth.

Small molecule compounds targeting multiple kinases involved in neoangiogenesis have shown survival benefits in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nonetheless, despite the beneficial effects of multikinase inhibitors (MKIs), a lack of boosting adjuvant limits their objective response rate. Lipid conjugates have been used to improve delivery efficacy or pharmaceutical benefits for decades. However, the feasibility of utilizing lipid-drug conjugates (LDCs) in HCC regimens remains untested. In this study, oral feeding of linoleate-fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugates show

Новые тенденции в нанобиосистемах Змей-Веном-Лоадед: всеобъемлющий обзор.

Достижения в медицинской нанобиотехнологии в значительной степени способствовали применению ядов змеиных токсинов, облегчая разработку новых методов лечения токсинов, производимых животными. Огромное разнообразие видов змей и их ядовые сложности подчеркивают необходимость продолжения исследований. Этот обзор посвящен изучению интеграции яда змеиных ядов с наночастицами, с тем чтобы они могли использоваться в лечении человека в целях разработки методов лечения. Сложная смесь яда змей не только вызывает значительные патологические последствия, но и позволяет получить ценные знания для создания н

Abstracts of the 12th European Cytogenomics Conference 2019 : Salzburg, Austria. 6-9 July 2019

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The Application of Artificial Intelligence and Drug Repositioning for the Identification of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors: A Review.

Artificial intelligence talks about modeling intelligent behavior through a computer with the least human involvement. Drug repositioning techniques based on artificial intelligence accelerate the research process and decrease the cost of experimental studies. Dysregulation of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors as the tyrosine kinase family of receptors plays a vital role in a wide range of malignancies. Because of their functional significance, they were considered promising drug targets for the therapy of various cancers. This review has summarized small molecules capable of inhibiting

Antibody drug conjugates in recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer: a focus on tisotumab vedotin state of art.

Cervical cancer (CC) is still characterized by a poor prognosis despite the progress made in its treatment in recent years. Although immunotherapy has improved outcomes for advanced/recurrent disease, there is a significant gap in addressing patients' needs when they progress after platinum and immunotherapy treatments. In this setting, traditional chemotherapy showed limited effectiveness. In this context, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) emerged as a promising tool within targeted cancer therapies. Tisotumab vedotin (TV), an ADC targeting tissue factor, represents the first ADC approved by th

Current Status and Perspectives of Irradiation-Based Conditioning Regimens for Patients with Acute Leukemia Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia are the most common indications for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Total body irradiation (TBI) is an important part of conditioning regimens. TBI-based regimens offer advantages in sanctuary sites but are associated with significant risks of early and late side effects, including pulmonary toxicity, growth retardation, and second malignancy. TBI is also associated with technical problems, such as dose heterogeneity. With evolving techniques in radiation oncology, it is possible to focus the dose to the entire skeleto

Cell therapies in the clinic.

Cell therapies have emerged as a promising therapeutic modality with the potential to treat and even cure a diverse array of diseases. Cell therapies offer unique clinical and therapeutic advantages over conventional small molecules and the growing number of biologics. Particularly, living cells can simultaneously and dynamically perform complex biological functions in ways that conventional drugs cannot; cell therapies have expanded the spectrum of available therapeutic options to include key cellular functions and processes. As such, cell therapies are currently one of the most investigated

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… Trials using microbes (delivered via various routes and dosage forms) were also included, as they represent an emerging class of therapies for similar applications. The relevant cell types include T cells, NK cells, mononuclear cells, DCs, RBCs, platelets, stem cells, and microbes. … forms. …