Результаты поиска

Potential role of angiotensin II in noise-induced increases in inner ear blood flow.

Guinea pigs were exposed to 120 dB white noise for 30 min and evidenced a four-fold elevation in plasma concentration of the potent vasoconstricting hormone angiotensin II (AII). Anesthetized animals received intra-arterial injections of AII at doses that approximated the endogenous levels measured following noise exposure. A marked decrease in skin blood flow was observed with a concomitant increase in cochlear blood flow as measured by laser Doppler flowmeters. Increased cochlear blood flow appeared to be secondary to the increases in systemic blood pressure induced by AII. These findings su…

Real-ear calibration of ipsilateral acoustic reflex stimuli from five types of impedance meter.

The Hearing Level scale has been established in national and international standards for tones presented via supra-aural earphones. However, the standards do not encompass stimuli from the probes of ipsilateral impedance meters. This study transfers the calibration of standardised earphones to the probes of five types of impedance meter and therefore enables the intensities of their ipsilateral stimuli to be defined in terms of Hearing Levels. The method used for transfer of calibration is based on equality of acoustic reflex responses elicitied by the impedance meter probe and by a standardis…

Descriptive epidemiology of malignant neoplasms of nose, nasal cavities, middle ear and accessory sinuses.

International incidence and mortality data for ICD rubric 160 (nose and nasal cavities, middle ear and accessory sinuses) are reviewed, the relative frequency data for cancer for each of the constituent anatomical locations presented and the histological types of neoplasms encountered tabulated to determine if geographical differences exist which might be worth further investigation. Relatively high rates for this generally rare disease were found in Asian and African populations, the highest age-adjusted rates, between 2.6 and 2.5 per 100,000 per annum, occurring in Japanese males. Independen…

[Haemorrhage and haemostasis in face, visceral cranium, neck and middle ear region (author's transl)].

Head and neck surgery is accompanied by more or less heavy tendency to bleed. Spontaneous bleeding will occur, because of general and local peculiarities depending on the vascularisation of this region. The general part of the paper deals with normal haemostasis and the diagnosis of haemorrhagic diathesis. This part also shows simple surgical measures in order to stop bleeding. The special section of the paper explains bleeding problems by case history. Here mainly complications are shown exceedingly imporant to the ENT Doctor, because of their more common frequency i.e. nose-bleeding, adenoto

[Chronic otitis in the one remaining functional ear: therapeutic problems and sequelae (author's transl)].

What should one do when a patient presents with a potentially dangerous chronic otitis, and the other ear is absent? An analysis of such dangerous cases with a cholesteatoma, more especially those with a labyrinthine fistula. Responsibility has to be taken. Medico-legal problems are evoked.

Ventilation in secretory otitis media: effects on middle ear volume and eustachian tube function.

Conductive hearing loss due to secretory otitis media is the commonest form of hearing loss in children. Eustachian tube dysfunction is often implicated as the most important factor in the origin and course of the disease. It is well known that myringotomy, aspiration of fluid from within the middle ear, and ventilation with any one of several types of tubes will restore hearing and mobility of the tympanic membrane in the vast majority of patients. The effects of these procedures on Eustacian tube function and on middle ear and mastoid volumes, particularly on a long-term basis, have not been…

Effects of reflex middle-ear muscle contractions on cochlear responses to bone-conducted sound.

The effects of contralaterally elicited middle-ear muscle (MEM) reflexes on cochlear microphonic responses to air- and bone-conducted tones were examined in decerobrate cats. Stapedius effects on bone condn air conduction were almost identical in configuration and amplitude to those on air conduction at all frequencies. However, tensor tympani effects were more complex, the configuration of the bone-conduction effects varying with the location of the transducer on the skull and with frequency. The relative contributions of the two muscles to the effects of joint contractions varied markedly be…

[Experiences with polyethylene ventilation tubes in children with recurrent middle ear inflammation (author's transl)].

Middle-ear ventilation tubes (of the Sheehy modification) were placed in 401 ears of 209 children under 16 years of age as treatment for recurrent middle-ear infection. The same procedure was later required in 26% of the cases studied because of further recurrence of middle-ear infection. In four per cent of all patients studied, the ventilating tube failed to cure middle ear disease in spite of controlled concomitant antibacterial therapy. In these cases, an early extrusion of the tube was commonly found. Among all patients, the tube was spontaneously extruded in 76 per cent of the ears, wher…

Intralaboratory validation of alternative endpoints in the murine local lymph node assay for the identification of contact allergic potential: primary ear skin irritation and ear-draining lymph node hyperplasia induced by topical chemicals.

We validated a two-tiered murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) with a panel of standard contact (photo)allergens and (photo)irritants with the aim of improving the discrimination between contact (photo) allergenic potential and true skin (photo)irritation potential. We determined ear weights to correlate chemical-induced skin irritation with the ear-draining lymph node (LN) activation potential. During tier I LLNAs, a wide range of concentrations were applied on three consecutive days to the dorsum of both ears. Mice were exposed to UVA light immediately after topical application to determine …

Ear Size and Position Variations Rated by Casual Observers on Artificial Intelligence-Generated Models.

BACKGROUND: Auricular asymmetry affects facial aesthetics; yet, the degree of asymmetry discernible by a casual observer remains poorly defined. OBJECTIVE: To measure the casual observer's perception of auricular size, angulation, protrusion, and vertical position. METHODS: Artificial intelligence-generated facial images were utilized and unilateral variations created in (1) size, (2) angulation, (3) protrusion, and (4) vertical position. A total of 200 responders reviewed 46 images, rating the ear appearance on a Likert scale of 0-10. RESULTS: Causal observers rated a ≥10% change in size s…

Auricular Cartilage Preservation Through Abdominal Subcutaneous Implantation Following Traumatic Ear Amputation: A Case Report.

Traumatic auricular amputation is a rare but highly disfiguring injury that poses significant reconstructive challenges. When microsurgical replantation is not feasible, subcutaneous implantation of the auricular cartilage framework, typically in the abdominal wall, is an established technique for cartilage preservation prior to delayed reconstruction. We report a case of successful auricular cartilage preservation and reimplantation following traumatic ear amputation sustained in a road traffic accident. A 22-year-old man presented with complete traumatic amputation of the left ear and an ext…

Middle Ear Pressure Assessment to Detect the Stapedius Reflex: A Prospective Observational Feasibility Study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of detecting stapedius reflex (SR) through direct middle ear pressure monitoring during contralateral acoustic stimulation. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, observational, single-centre feasibility study. SETTING: Tertiary referral centre; intraoperative setting during tympanotomy procedures. PATIENTS: Eleven adult patients (≥18 y) with unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss undergoing transtympanic dexamethasone instillation, with an elicitable SR through contralateral stimulation, were included in this study. Patients with SR thresholds >100 dB HL we…

Effect of length variations in 3D-printed middle-ear prostheses on ossicular chain mobility.

BACKGROUND: Patient-specific 3D printing may improve ossiculoplasty, yet the mechanical tolerance to prosthesis length remains poorly quantified. We evaluated how systematic lengthening of a custom 3D-printed incus replacement affects middle-ear mobility in human temporal bones. METHODS: Five fresh-frozen human temporal bones were prepared through a posterior tympanotomy. Cone-beam CT was used to reconstruct specimen-specific ossicular geometry; the incus was digitally removed and a malleus-stapes prosthesis was designed and printed by stereolithography. For each specimen, three prostheses we…

3D Computational Modeling of Blast Wave Transmission from External Ear to Cochlear Hair Cells.

The human ear is a complex biomechanical system that transduces sound or blast waves into cochlear hair cells for sensory perception. Understanding the full pathway of mechanical energy transmission, from the external ear through the middle ear and into the cochlear sensory structures, is essential for advancing clinical surgical treatment, hearing protection, and auditory prostheses. Over the past two decades, finite element (FE) modeling has become a powerful tool for analyzing ear mechanics, offering insights that complement experimental limitations. This chapter summarizes major developmen…

Serous Otitis Media Secondary to a Middle Ear Neuroendocrine Tumor of Five-Year Duration.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are extremely rare in the middle ear. Histopathological findings are essential to establish the definitive diagnosis of these tumors. We present the case of a 43-year-old man with a clinical diagnosis of left otitis media with effusion for five years without improvement, with a history of myringotomy with a ventilation tube. He later underwent surgery for a simple mastoidectomy with biopsy. The final diagnosis, based on histopathology and immunohistochemical studies, was a NET of the middle ear. The morphological findings of this type of tumor should be considered …

[Classification and surgical outcomes of congenital middle ear malformations with concomitant facial nerve anomalies].

Objective: To investigate the clinical classification and surgical outcomes of congenital middle ear malformations accompanied by facial nerve anomalies. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze clinical data of patients with congenital middle ear malformations and concomitant facial nerve anomalies who received treatment in the Department of Otolaryngology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, between January 2021 and December 2024. Facial nerve anomalies were categorized into four distinct types: partial obstruction of the oval window, complete obstruction of…

Когда уши болеют больше: отомастоидитные двусторонние краниальные Neurophies в иммунокомпрометированном пациенте.

Отомастоидит — это инфекция и воспаление как отитной среды (мидлушное ухо), так и мастоидной воздушной клетки. Если инфекция проходит мимо среднего уха, чтобы повлиять на прилежащие структуры, то могут быть задействованы мастоидные воздушные элементы. Фунгальный мастоидит очень редкий и почти исключительно наблюдается у иммунокомпромиссированных пациентов. Мы представляем необычный случай типа 2 диабетик с грибковым отомастоидитом, проявляющимся как боль в левом ухе, а также нейропатия левого черепного нерва VII и правого черепного нерва III. Хотя паралич лицевого нерва часто объясняется идиоп

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Otomastoiditis is the infection and inflammation of both the otitis media (middle ear) and the mastoid air cells. Involvement of the mastoid air cells can occur if the infection extends past the middle ear to affect contiguous structures. Fungal mastoiditis is very rare and almost exclusively seen in immunocompromised patients. We present an unusual case of …

Dexamethasone Dosing of Human Perilymph Compared for Common Delivery Protocols Using Inner Ear Simulations.

UNLABELLED: <p>Introduction: Locally applied dexamethasone therapy of the inner ear is commonly used to treat disorders such as Meniere's disease and idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Dexamethasone is also being used in conjunction with cochlear implantation to reduce electrode impedances and fibrous tissue formation around the implant. The variety of formulations currently in use makes it difficult to compare the dosing levels resulting from different therapies. METHODS: We have used the FluidSIM cochlear fluid simulation program to calculate perilymph and plasma dexamethasone le…