Результаты поиска

Use of positron emission tomography (PET) for the diagnosis of large-vessel vasculitis.

The term vasculitis encompasses a heterogeneous group of diseases that share the presence of inflammatory infiltrates in the vascular wall. The diagnosis of large-vessel vasculitis is often a challenge because the presenting clinical features are nonspecific in many cases and they are often shared by different types of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases including other systemic vasculitides. Moreover, the pathogenesis of large-vessel vasculitis is not fully understood. Nevertheless, the advent of new imaging techniques has constituted a major breakthrough to establish an early diagnosis and

Neuroradiology of central nervous system vasculitis.

Evaluation of the patient with suspected vasculitis affecting the nervous system requires consideration of a broad range of differential diagnostic possibilities. Appreciating pertinent neuroradiologic findings as well as understanding the capabilities and limitations of the imaging methods employed is a prerequisite for proper evaluation. Most importantly, integration of the imaging features with clinical and laboratory findings is necessary to maximize the chance of a correct diagnosis.

The Banff 2024 Kidney Meeting Report: Rejection as a spectrum of phenotypes and focus on differential diagnostic reasoning.

The XVIIth Banff meeting for transplant pathology was held in Paris, France, from September 16, 2024 to September 20, 2024, hosted by the Pa … meeting and the introduction of a similar flowchart for tubulointerstitial inflammation and intimal arteritis (v lesion). The meeting highlighted the complexity of the immunologic processes (alloimmune and others) that lead to allograft inflammation and the need to strengthen the Banff system for differential diagnostic reasoning. Guidance is put in place f …

18F-FDG PET/CT in polyarteritis nodosa with multisystem involvement: utility in defining disease extent.

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare systemic necrotizing vasculitis. It affects the medium-sized arteries. It attacks many parts of the body in very different ways. Therefore, it is difficult to diagnose and stage. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT combines anatomic and metabolic activity. This can show the complete extent of the disease in PAN very well. We report a 35-year-old man with fever, generalized myalgia, black stools and dry gangrene at the tip of his fingers. Laboratory tests revealed high C-reactive protein and high erythrocyte sedimentation rate. However, the anti-neutroph…

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Rare Case of Painful Ophthalmoplegia in a Young Female.

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) is a syndrome of painful episodic ophthalmoplegia due to nonspecific inflammation around the superior orbital fissure or the cavernous sinus, sometimes associated with paralysis of one or more of the cranial nerves III, IV, or VI. It is usually idiopathic but may have triggers such as tumors, aneurysms, or trauma. Since it is a diagnosis of exclusion, all other differentials such as cavernous sinus thrombosis, carotid-cavernous fistulae, giant cell arteritis, diabetic ophthalmoplegia, or ophthalmoplegic migraines should be ruled out. Diagnosis is mainly based on char…

Anesthetic management of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-supported aortic bypass surgery for atypical coarctation with severe left ventricular dysfunction: A case report.

Atypical aortic coarctation is an exceedingly rare condition, and there are very few reported cases of anesthetic management for bypass surgery in patients with severe impaired cardiac function. We present the anesthetic management of a 68-year-old woman with atypical aortic coarctation due to Takayasu arteritis and severely impaired cardiac function, who underwent ascending-to-abdominal aorta bypass surgery under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The patient's severe cardiac dysfunction was due to sustained afterload from the coarctation, leading to recurrent episodes of heart failu…

Cryptococcal prostatitis in an immunocompromised patient with tocilizumab and glucocorticoid therapy: A case report.

Cryptococcus prostatitis is an uncommon manifestation of cryptococcal infection that occurs mostly in immunocompromised patients. Tocilizumab, an anti-interleukin-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, has been associated with an increased risk of cryptococcal infections. However, there have been no documented cases of cryptococcal prostatitis in patients receiving tocilizumab therapy. We report a case of cryptococcal prostatitis in a 72-year-old man treated with glucocorticoids and tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis and granulomatosis with polyangiitis. The patient presented dysuria and his serum …

Overview of the role and action mechanism of microRNA-128 in viral infections.

Recently in vivo and in vitro studies have provided evidence establishing the significance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in both physiological and p … wnregulation of seminal exosomes eca-miR-128 is associated with the long-term persistence of Equine arteritis virus (EAV) in the reproductive tract, and this particular miRNA is a putative regulator of chemokine ligand 16 (C-X-C motif) as determined by target prediction analysis. In this review, the latest information on the role and action mechanism of miR …

Вирус Варичеллы Зостер и сердечно-сосудистые заболевания.

Varicella зостер (VZV) — двойной вирус ДНК семейства герпесвириды, который затрагивает только людей. Похоже, что первое клиническое проявление - варицелла, типичная для детства. С другой стороны, VZV становится скрытым в ганглионовых нейронах по всей нейроксисе после первичной инфекции. VZV реактивирует и путешествует по периферийным нервным волокнам у пожилых и иммунокомпромиссированных людей, что приводит к зостеру. Однако она может распространяться в центре и инфекционной церебральной и внечерепной артерии, что приводит к васкулопатии, которая может привести к переходным ишемическим атакам,

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a Herpesviridae family double-stranded DNA virus that only affects humans. The first clinical manifestation … can lead to transient ischemic attacks, strokes, aneurysms, cavernous sinus thrombosis, giant cell arteritis, and granulomatous aortitis. Although the mechanisms of virus-induced pathological vascular remodeling are not fully understood, recent research indicates that inflammation and dysregulation of ligand-1 programmed death play a significant role. Few …

A Case Report: Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm causing life-threatening haemobilia.

INTRODUCTION & IMPORTANCE: Hepatic artery aneurysms (HAA) are rare and it accounts 20% of all visceral artery aneurysms. Commonly HAAs are a … is is the leading cause of HAA formation but can be associated with connective tissue disorders and arteritis. Most of the HAA are asymptomatic. Aneurysms can be managed with surgical or endovascular interventions. CONCLUSION: Life-threatening haemobilia is a notorious complication of the rapture of HAA into the biliary system. The incidents of hepatic art …

Measuring Vasculitis with Numbers: Outcome Scores.

Primary Systemic Vasculitides (PSV) are a heterogeneous group of diseases. Outcome scores are important to evaluate vasculitis patients in a … n purpura, Kawasaki disease, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, polyarteritis nodosa, Takayasu arteritis and Behçet's disease.

Ultrasound Assessment of Extracranial Carotids and Vertebral Arteries in Acute Cerebral Ischemia.

Assessing ischemic etiology and mechanism during the acute phase of an ischemic stroke is crucial in order to tailor and monitor appropriate … DU may also aid the diagnosis of non-atherosclerotic lesions of vessel walls including dissections, arteritis, carotid-jugular fistulas and fibromuscular dysplasias. The present narrative review outlines all potential applications of CDU in acute stroke management and also highlights its potential therapeutic implications.

Early large vessel systemic vasculitis in adults.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common vasculitis in individuals older than 50 years in Western countries. In addition to the typical pattern of cranial ischemic manifestations, large vessel vasculitis (LVV) involvement has emerged as a common feature of GCA. Patients with predominant LVV manifestations differ from those with the cranial pattern. They are usually affected at a younger age and often have nonspecific manifestations such as constitutional syndrome, fever of unknown origin, or refractory/atypical polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). In these patients, cranial manifestations are of…

An update on the role of epigenetics in systemic vasculitis.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to discuss recent observations of epigenetic changes related to the complex pathogenesis of systemic vasculitides and their contribution to the field. RECENT FINDINGS: There have been new observations of epigenetic changes in vasculitis and their potential role in disease pathogenesis in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, giant-cell arteritis, Kawasaki disease, Behçet's disease, and IgA vasculitis. Some of this recent work has focused on the efficacy of using DNA methylation and miRNA expression as clinical biomarkers fo…

Ruptured renal artery in microscopic polyangiitis: a case report and literature review.

Medium-vessel hemorrhage is a rare occurrence in ANCA-associated vasculitis, and has been previously described in only a few patients with microscopic polyangiitis. We report a case of renal hemorrhage in a patient with microscopic polyangiitis that was successfully managed by transcatheter arterial embolization of the active bleeding sites. The early clinical findings included necrotizing arteritis, as indicated by skin biopsy; rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis; mononeuritis multiplex; positive screening for myeloperoxidase-specific antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody. Corticosteroid the…

A Unique Case of Horner's Syndrome Following Subintimal Haematoma Within an Atherosclerotic Plaque.

Background and Importance We describe a patient with Horner's syndrome caused by an extensive intraparietal hematoma in the wall of the internal carotid artery confused with an arterial dissection. Detection of such pathology instead of dissection or arteritis is important as the management is different. As far as the authors know, it is the first case in which a haematoma within an atherosclerotic plaque is clinically related Horner's syndrome. Clinical Presentation A 81-year-old man presented with acute right hemiplegia and loss of vision of the left eye due to a central retinal artery occlu…

Ear Pain: Diagnosing Common and Uncommon Causes.

Otalgia (ear pain) is a common presentation in the primary care setting with many diverse causes. Pain that originates from the ear is calle … options. Otalgia may be the only presenting symptom in several serious conditions, such as temporal arteritis and malignant neoplasms. When risk factors for malignancy are present (e.g., smoking, alcohol use, diabetes mellitus, age 50 years or older), computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or otolaryngology consultation may be warranted.

Treatment of severe hypertension in a 14-year-old child: Successful blood pressure control with additive administration of captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, in a patient with bilateral renovascular hypertension.

We report a 14-year-old boy with recurrent episodes of headache caused by uncontrolled hypertension. The diagnosis of renovascular hypertension due to Takaysu arteritis (TA) was made based on an increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) and computed tomography (CT) image of bilateral renal artery stenosis was taken. Renal scintigraphy revealed normal perfusion and function of the right kidney and severe reduction of the perfusion and function of the left kidney. Careful drug adjustments significantly improved but did not fully control the blood pressure (BP)…