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Beneficial effect of copper supplementation on deposition of fluoride in bone in fluoride- and molybdenum-fed rabbits.

Fluorosis is a major public health problem in the world, including India. The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of molybdenum (Mo) in the deposition of fluoride (F) in bone and whether copper (Cu) supplementation has any alleviating role when F and Mo are ingested together. For this purpose, four groups of rabbits were used [control (C), fluoride (F), fluoride + molybdenum (F + Mo), and fluoride + molybdenum + copper (F + Mo + Cu)] to find out the effect of these treatments on various bone-related parameters like intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), alkaline phosphatase and Cu

Role of magnesium in patho-physiological processes and the clinical utility of magnesium ion selective electrodes.

Magnesium ions (Mg2+) are pivotal in the transfer, storage and utilization of energy; Mg2+ regulates and catalyzes some 300-odd enzyme systems in mammals. The intracellular level of free Mg2+ ([Mg2+]i) regulates intermediary metabolism, DNA and RNA synthesis and structure, cell growth, reproduction, and membrane structure. Mg2+ has numerous physiological roles among which are control of neuronal activity, cardiac excitability, neuromuscular transmission, muscular contraction, vasomotor tone, blood pressure and peripheral blood flow. Mg2+ modulates and controls cell Ca2+ entry and Ca2+ release

[Bartter syndrome, Gitelman syndrome, Liddle syndrome].

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Effect of neonatal capsaicin treatment on neural activity in the medullary dorsal horn of neonatal rats evoked by electrical stimulation to the trigeminal afferents: an optical, electrophysiological, and quantitative study.

To elucidate which glutamate receptors, NMDA or non-NMDA, have the main role in synaptic transmission via unmyelinated afferents in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (the medullary dorsal horn), and to examine the early functional effects of neonatal capsaicin treatment to the subnucleus caudalis, optical recording, field potential recording, and quantitative study using electron micrographs were employed. A medulla oblongata isolated from a rat 5--7 days old was sectioned horizontally 400-microm thick or parasagittally and stained with a voltage-sensitive dye, RH482 or RH795. Single-pulse st

CsA-associated neurotoxicity and ineffective prophylaxis with clonazepam in patients transplanted for thalassemia major: analysis of risk factors.

Cyclosporin A (CsA) has been shown to be useful in the prophylaxis of acute graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD). However, this immunosuppressive agent produces multiple side-effects including nephrotoxicity, hypertension, hypertricosis, gum hyperplasia, infections, and neurotoxicity. We report a retrospective analysis of neurotoxicity in 625 recipients transplanted for thalassemia and given CsA as part of GVHD prophylaxis. Neurotoxicity consisted in mental status changes, tremor, headache (grade 1), visual disturbance and cortical blindness (grade 2) and seizures and coma (grade 3). The overall t

Common Non-Rheumatic Medical Conditions Mimicking Fibromyalgia: A Simple Framework for Differential Diagnosis.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic non-inflammatory disorder mainly characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and a constellation of other symptoms. For this reason, delineating a clear distinction between pure FM and FM-like picture attributable to other common diseases can be extremely challenging. Physicians must identify the most significant confounders in individual patients and implement an appropriate diagnostic workflow, carefully choosing a minimal (but sufficient) set of tests to be used for identifying the most plausible diseases in the specific case

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… Consequently, magnesium deficiency often manifests with an FM-like clinical picture including pain, fatigue, weakness, muscle cramps, impaired concentration and attention, sleep disturbances, anxiety, restlessness, palpitations/arrhythmia, and headaches [ 44 , 45 ]. … Summary : In FM patients presenting with predominant muscular and cognitive symptoms, consideration should be given to the possibility of magnesium deficiency. 2.5. …

Supra-Physiological Levels of Magnesium Counteract the Inhibitory Effect of Zoledronate on RANKL-Dependent Osteoclastogenesis.

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are drugs used to cure metabolic diseases like osteoporosis and oncological conditions, such as multiple myeloma and bone metastases. The pharmacological activity of these compounds is mediated by their capacity to induce a systemic osteoclast depletion, finally resulting in reduced bone resorption. In spite of their efficacy, the clinical application of BPs is sometimes associated with a frightening side effect known as osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). In principle, a therapeutic approach able to elicit the local re-activation of osteoclast production could counteract the

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… Skeletal and hormonal effects of magnesium deficiency. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2009;28:131–141. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2009.10719764. 35. Belluci M.M., Schoenmaker T., Rossa-Junior C., Orrico S.R., de Vries T.J., Everts V. Magnesium deficiency results in an increased formation of osteoclasts. J. Nutr. … Severe magnesium deficiency compromises systemic bone mineral density and aggravates inflammatory bone resorption. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2020;77:108301. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108301. 37. Zhu W.Y., Guo J., Yang W.F., Tao Z.Y., Lan X., Wang L., Xu J., Qin L., Su Y.X. …

A Systematic Review of Nutritional Lab Correlates with Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy.

Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a dose-limiting side effect of chemotherapy for which no prevention or cure exists. Cancer and cancer treatments can adversely affect nutritional status. Nutrition may play a role in development of CIPN, yet the relationship between nutrition and CIPN is not well understood. Common laboratory values measuring various aspects of nutrition (hemoglobin/hematocrit, vitamin B12, calcium, and magnesium) may be associated with CIPN. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the empirical evidence surrounding the relationship between laborato

Platinum-induced ototoxicity and hearing impairment in children and adolescents.

Platinum compounds play a crucial role in the treatment of solid tumours in paediatric patients, significantly improving survival rates. However, these treatments can result in hearing loss as a side-effect that can significantly impact the quality of life of young cancer survivors. Whilst the therapeutic benefits of platinum compounds in paediatric oncology are indisputable, addressing the challenge of ototoxicity remains a priority. Early and regular auditory function assessments, with tools such as audiometry, otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem response testing, are critical durin

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… Thromboxane A2, which demonstrates increased production in magnesium-deficient states, further contributes to cochlear microvascular constriction. In vivo microcirculatory investigations reveal pronounced vascular alterations in magnesium-deficient states. … Magnesium deficiency and hypertension: correlation between magnesium deficient diets and microcirculatory changes in situ. Science. 1984;223:1315–1317. doi: 10.1126/science.6701524. 28. Brown R. Ethacrinic acid and furosemide: possible cochlear sites and mechanisms of ototoxic action. …

Clinician guidelines for the treatment of psychiatric disorders with nutraceuticals and phytoceuticals: The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) and Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) Taskforce.

OBJECTIVES: The therapeutic use of nutrient-based 'nutraceuticals' and plant-based 'phytoceuticals' for the treatment of mental disorders is common; however, despite recent research progress, there have not been any updated global clinical guidelines since 2015. To address this, the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) and the Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Disorders (CANMAT) convened an international taskforce involving 31 leading academics and clinicians from 15 countries, between 2019 and 2021. These guidelines are aimed at providing a definitive evidence-in

Micronutrient Status and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, at the same time being one of the most prevalent causes of women's death. Many factors such as alcohol, weight fluctuations, or hormonal replacement therapy can potentially contribute to breast cancer development and progression. Another important factor in breast cancer onset includes micronutrient status. In this narrative review, we analyzed 23 micronutrients and their possible influence on breast cancer onset and progression. Further, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of micronutrient status on the prevention of b

Is severe hypocalcemia immediately life threatening?

ObjectiveSevere hypocalcemia (Ca MethodsA retrospective observational study was carried out over a 2-year period in the Adult Emergency Department (ED) of Nantes University Hospital. All patients who had a protein-corrected calcium concentration measure were eligible for inclusion. Patients with multiple myeloma were excluded. The primary outcome was the number of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and/or neurological complications during the stay in the ED.ResultsA total of 41,823 patients had protein-corrected calcium (pcCa) concentrations measured, 155 had severe hypocalcemia, 22 were exc

Development of a Practice Standard for Monitoring Adult Patients Receiving Bone-Modifying Agents at a Community Cancer Center.

The purpose of this study is to develop a standard for monitoring outpatients starting bone-modifying agents (BMAs) at a community cancer center. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guidelines recommend the monitoring of serum magnesium and phosphorus during BMA therapy but do not define a standard interval. The risk of hypomagnesemia and hypophosphatemia was assessed for the BMAs denosumab, pamidronate, and zoledronic acid. Compliance with dental clearance was also evaluated. Adult cancer outpatients newly started on BMAs between J

Delayed Presentation of DPD Deficiency in Colorectal Cancer.

Case Study  Mr. D., a 55-year-old male, presented to the medical oncology service with a diagnosis of stage III adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon. He presented 7 weeks post sigmoid colectomy with lymph node resection and was initiated on adjuvant chemotherapy with CAPOX (capecitabine [Xeloda] and oxaliplatin [Eloxatin]). Standard dosing was used: oxaliplatin at 130 mg/m(2) on day 1 and capecitabine at approximately 2,000 mg/m(2)/day (rounded to the nearest 500-mg tablet size) for 14 days on and 7 days off (1 cycle = 21 days). A capped body surface area of 2.4 m2 was used, due to the patient'

Characterization of Internal Validity Threats to Phase III Clinical Trials for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Management: A Systematic Review.

ObjectiveThe recent American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Clinical Guidelines for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) management (48 Phase III trials reviewed) only recommend duloxetine. However, before concluding that a CIPN intervention is ineffective, scientists and clinicians should consider the risk of Type II error in Phase III studies. The purpose of this systematic review was to characterize internal threats to validity in Phase III CIPN management trials.MethodsThe PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE®, and Scopus databases were searched for Phase III clinical trials testing in

Hypocalcaemia in patients with prostate cancer treated with a bisphosphonate or denosumab: prevention supports treatment completion.

BackgroundMost patients with advanced prostate cancer develop bone metastases, which often result in painful and debilitating skeletal-related events. Inhibitors of bone resorption, such as bisphosphonates and denosumab, can each reduce the incidence of skeletal-related events and delay the progression of bone pain. However, these agents are associated with an increased risk of hypocalcaemia, which, although often mild and transient, can be serious and life-threatening. Here we provide practical advice on managing the risk of hypocalcaemia in patients with advanced prostate cancer who are rece

Local re-activation of osteoclast differentiation as a novel therapeutic strategy for osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Severe Hypocalcemia and Hypomagnesemia with Denosumab in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease: Case Report and Literature Review.

BackgroundDenosumab has become the preferred agent over zolendronic acid to help prevent skeletal-related events in patients with metastatic bone disease and multiple myeloma because it is approved for use in those with kidney dysfunction. However, denosumab has been linked to cases of hypocalcemia, particularly in those with advanced kidney disease.Case presentationWe present the case of a patient with metastatic prostate cancer and chronic kidney disease due to obstructive nephropathy who developed severe hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia after denosumab injection, which required intensive car

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… Low serum concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in human magnesium deficiency The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 1985 61 5 933 940 10.1210/jcem-61-5-933 2-s2.0-0022384704 3840173 …

Endocrine sequelae of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Effects on mineral homeostasis and bone metabolism.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an established therapeutic strategy for the treatment of malignant (leukemia and lymphoma) and non-malignant (thalassemia, anemia, and immunodeficiency) hematopoietic diseases. Thanks to the improvement in patient care and the development of more tolerable conditioning treatments, which has extended the applicability of therapy to the elderly, a growing number of patients have successfully benefited from HSCT therapy and, more importantly, HSCT transplant-related mortality has consistently reduced in recent years. However, concomitantly to long

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… Functional hypoparathyroidism and parathyroid hormone end-o r g a n resistance in human magnesium deficiency . Clin Endocrinol ( 1976 ) 5 , 209–224 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1976.tb01947.x 182417 52 Fatemi S Ryzen E Flores J Endres DB Rude RK . …

Primary Osteoporosis Induced by Androgen and Estrogen Deficiency: The Molecular and Cellular Perspective on Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Treatments.

Primary osteoporosis is closely linked to hormone deficiency, which disrupts the balance of bone remodeling. It affects postmenopausal women but also significantly impacts older men. Estrogen can promote the production of osteoprotegerin, a decoy receptor for RANKL, thereby preventing RANKL from activating osteoclasts. Furthermore, estrogen promotes osteoblast survival and function via activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Likewise, androgens play a critical role in bone metabolism, primarily through their conversion to estrogen in men. Estrogen deficiency accelerates bone resorption throug