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The natural course of eating pathology in female university students.

This study investigated the natural course of eating pathology in a sample of female university students. Seventy-nine students were recruited in their first month of the university, 24 of whom endorsed objective binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behaviors based on an initial screening interview. Testing sessions occurred every 6 months for the following 2 1/2 years and included the assessment of eating pathology, general psychopathology and well-being, weight, and exposure to psychological or psychiatric treatment. Data were analyzed using a mixed-effects linear regression model. Wh…

Interaction between amyloid-β pathology and cortical functional columnar organization.

Amyloid-β plaques are one of the major neuropathological features in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Plaques are found in the extracellular space of telencephalic structures, and have been shown to disrupt neuronal connectivity. Since the disruption of connectivity may underlie a number of the symptoms of AD, understanding the distribution of plaques in the neuropil in relation to the connectivity pattern of the neuronal network is crucial. We measured the distribution and clustering patterns of plaques in the vibrissae-receptive primary sensory cortex (barrel cortex), in which the cortical columnar

Characterization and management of testicular pathology in McCune-Albright syndrome.

CONTEXT: The testicular phenotype in McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) has not been well characterized. Boys present with a relatively low incidence of precocious puberty in comparison with girls. Radiographic and histological studies are limited to small series and case reports, which report testicular microlithiasis and Sertoli cell hyperplasia. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to characterize the biochemical, radiological, and histological spectrum and clinical management of testicular pathology in males with MAS. PATIENTS, DESIGN, AND SETTING: Fifty-four males with MAS participated in this pros…

Analysis of colonic alpha-synuclein pathology in multiple system atrophy.

Routine colonic biopsies allow the detection of alpha-synuclein aggregates in the enteric nervous system (ENS) in living Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Whether the ENS is affected by alpha-synuclein pathology in multiple system atrophy (MSA) has not been studied yet. The aim of the present research was therefore to analyze colonic biopsies in MSA for the presence of alpha-synuclein pathology. Six MSA and 9 PD patients were included. Four biopsies, taken from the descending colon during the course of a rectosigmoidscopy were microdissected, and analyzed by immunohistochemistry using antibod…

Targeting synaptic pathology in multiple sclerosis: fingolimod to the rescue?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disorder affecting the brain and spinal cord. Major hallmarks of MS typically include inflammatio … spine loss. This report suggests that fingolimod treatment can have beneficial effects on synaptic pathology in MS, raising the intriguing possibility that fingolimod treatment may also be advantageous in other diseases of the nervous system where inflammation and synaptic pathology contribute to disease pathogenesis. LINKED ARTICLE This article is a comme …

Venous thromboembolism in the cancer population: pathology, risk, and prevention.

Patients with cancer have an increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) and the incidence of these events has been increasing over the past decade. Venous thromboembolic events include both deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. These events contribute to higher morbidity and mortality rates. Understanding the complex pathogenesis of and risk factors for cancer-associated VTE will help guide advanced practitioners to improve outcomes with prophylaxis. The American Society of Clinical Oncology, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, and the European Society of Medical

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… The basic pathology of thrombosis consists of Virchow’s triad: venous stasis, endothelial damage, and an intrinsic hypercoagulable state. … This pathology continues in the oncology patient; however, it is the intrinsic hypercoagulable state that exerts the most influence on this population’s elevated risk (Figure 1). Figure 1 Figure 1. Pathogenesis of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism. …

Portal hypertensive cardiovascular pathology: the rescue of ancestral survival mechanisms?

The portal system derives from the vitelline system, which is an extra-embryonic venous system. It could be suggested that this extraembryonic origin determines some of the characteristics attributed to portal hypertension, both compensated, i.e. prehepatic, and decompensated, i.e. fibrotic or cirrhotic. The experimental models most frequently used for studying both types of portal hypertension are portal vein ligation and common bile duct ligation in rats, respectively. We propose that in partial portal vein ligated rats, a low-grade inflammatory response, formed by the successive expression

Dementia resulting from traumatic brain injury: what is the pathology?

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is among the earliest illnesses described in human history and remains a major source of morbidity and mortality in the modern era. It is estimated that 2% of the US population lives with long-term disabilities due to a prior TBI, and incidence and prevalence rates are even higher in developing countries. One of the most feared long-term consequences of TBIs is dementia, as multiple epidemiologic studies show that experiencing a TBI in early or midlife is associated with an increased risk of dementia in late life. The best data indicate that moderate and severe TBI

Imaging spectrum of pediatric corpus callosal pathology: a pictorial review.

A wide spectrum of pediatric corpus callosal diseases can occur in the pediatric age group. Cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis of these patients. We reviewed our imaging record and collected cases of corpus callosal pathology. The purpose of this review is to illustrate the imaging features of various corpus callosal lesions encountered in children.

Occupational trichloroethylene exposure and cervical pathology: a case-control study.

OBJECTIVES: Trichloroethylene (TCE) is suspected of association with elevated risk of cervical cancer. A case-control study was performed in a geographical area in which occupational TCE exposure is high. The study objective was to analyze the correlation between occupational TCE exposure and cervical cancer (including precancerous conditions). METHODS: Case and control subjects were recruited by gynecologists. General and occupational data were collected by telephonic interviews. An industrial hygienist assessed occupational TCE exposure on a task-exposure matrix. Analysis focused on occupat

On Bernard Sarnat's 100th birthday: pathology and management of craniosynostosis.

The focus on nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, the most common type of isolated craniosynostosis, is sagittal, followed by unilateral coronal, bilateral coronal, metopic, and lambdoid, in order of decreasing frequency. Certain forms of craniosynostosis display a sex predilection. For example, boys outnumber girls in a 4:1 ratio in sagittal synostosis, but girls outnumber boys in a 3:2 ratio in unilateral coronal synostosis. Other forms, such as metopic, lambdoid, and bilateral coronal synostosis, demonstrate no sex dominances tract.

The many faces of plectin and plectinopathies: pathology and mechanisms.

Plectin, a giant multifunctional cytolinker protein, plays a crucial role in stabilizing and orchestrating intermediate filament networks in cells. Mutations in the human plectin gene result in multiple diseases manifesting with muscular dystrophy, skin blistering, and signs of neuropathy. The most common disease caused by plectin deficiency is epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS)-MD, a rare autosomal-recessive skin blistering disorder with late-onset muscular dystrophy. EBS-MD patients and plectin-deficient mice display pathologic desmin-positive protein aggregates, degenerated myofibrils, and

In search of the rainbow: colored inks in surgical pathology.

INTRODUCTION: Although surgical pathologists are aware of the multiple advantages that coloured inks contribute to surgical pathology practice, these coloured inks are not available in India and importing them is not a viable proposition. A systematic search for locally available coloring agents was done, and resulted in identifying specific shades within a popular set of children's hobby colors of a particular brand. They retain their bright distinct colors on paraffin blocks and sections. These paints are available all over India, and are cheap, safe, and easy to use. Coloring gross specimen…

A case of Fournier's gangrene: an insidious and dangerous pathology.

Fournier's Gangrene is a rare form of necrotizing fasciitis due to microbial infection of perineum and scrotum. It's a sever infectious disease with an high mortality rate: an early and aggressive debridement is a significant prognostic factor in the management of this pathology. We present a clinical case of a 52-years old male patient that suffered from this disease after a long car journey that may have favoured the maceration of skin with the following penetration and proliferation of microbes into the scrotal skin. Subsequently he developed fever, not adequately considered, and this leads…

Methodology for the systematic reviews on an adjacent segment pathology.

STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review. OBJECTIVE: To provide a detailed description of the methods undertaken in the systematic search and analytical summary of adjacent segment pathology (ASP) issues and to describe the process used to develop consensus statements and clinical recommendations regarding factors associated with the prevention and treatment of ASP. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: We present methods used in conducting the systematic, evidence-based reviews and development of expert panel consensus statements and clinical recommendations on the classification, natural history, risk fact…

[Madura foot: a rare pathology in Morocco (about 15 cases)].

Mycetoma is a rare disease in Morocco. The purpose of this work is to increase the awareness of this infection that is still not diagnosed in our context by Moroccan practitioners, as well as to show the medical treatment limits in Madura foot disease. This is a retrospective study of 15 patients with an average age of 34 years. All patients presented classic lesions: swelling fistulizing of slow evolution, with elective foot localization. In spite of the identification of pathogenic agents, the delay of diagnosis and the osseous infringement imposed amputations for 14 patients. After a 3-year