Результаты поиска

Palm Cooling's Heart Rate and Thermal Impact on Exercise in Multiple Sclerosis Patients.

Heat strain in multiple sclerosis patients during exercise limits their benefits from this treatment. One prior study examined this topic but did not measure thermal outcomes and constitutes a knowledge gap. The current pilot study assessed palm cooling for its impact on heart rates and thermal measures. Using a randomized within-subjects design, nine multiple sclerosis patients performed two 25-minute cycle ergometry workouts against 65 and 45% of their Astrand-Rhyming-based workloads. Heart rates, thermal flux, palm and tympanic temperatures were examined using two-way analyses of variance w…

Retinal hyper-reflective foci link retinal and cortical pathology in paediatric multiple sclerosis.

Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis is associated with high inflammatory activity early in the disease course, yet sensitive biomarkers of early disease pathology are limited. Hyper-reflective foci on optical coherence tomography have been proposed as markers of inflammation in adult multiple sclerosis, but their relevance in pediatric populations remains unclear. We aimed to identify and quantify retinal layer-specific hyper-reflective foci burden in children with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis and evaluate associations with MRI markers of disease severity. In this cross-sectional study, 5…

Baseline Neuroinflammation Stratifies TSPO-PET Response to Disease-Modifying Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate which baseline clinical and imaging characteristics best predict TSPO-PET-measurable reduction in glial activation following treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), to utilize this information for designing more efficient biomarker-based clinical trials targeting glial activation. METHODS: This study pooled data from 47 pwMS treated with various approved disease-modifying therapies and 18 untreated pwMS with TSPO-PET imaging before and after. Therapeutic response was quantified using [11C]PK11195 distribution volume ratio and percentage of active voxels in seven brain …

Sex differences in healthcare use before the first multiple sclerosis-related demyelinating event.

While the multiple sclerosis (MS) prodrome may be prolonged, healthcare use by sex >5 years pre-onset remains underexplored. We examined healthcare use up to 29 years pre-MS onset, stratified by sex. Using administrative data from Ontario, Canada (1991-2020), we compared annual physician visit rates by diagnostic chapter between MS and matched non-MS cohorts, stratified by sex. Quasi Poisson models estimated rate ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Included were 35,018 MS and 136,007 matched non-MS individuals (mean onset age ∼43 years; standard deviation ∼14 years; ∼69% female in…

Recent Advances in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis: From Early Diagnosis to Precision Care.

Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) represents the earliest manifestation of chronic inflammatory demyelination of the central nervous system and accounts for only a small proportion of all multiple sclerosis (MS) cases [...].

Proteome-Wide Mendelian Randomization Identifies Causal Proteins for Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility and Severity.

Background: Despite significant advances in identifying genetic risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS), the causal involvement of circulating proteins in disease development and severity remains largely unexplored. Understanding these protein-mediated pathways could reveal novel therapeutic opportunities for this complex neurological disorder. Methods: We performed a proteome-wide Mendelian randomization study integrating data from four large-scale protein quantitative trait loci studies to investigate causal relationships between plasma proteins and both MS susceptibility and severity. Resu…

Phenotypic Diversity in Multiple Sclerosis Can Be Represented by Four Additive Symptom Modules.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) lacks a single invariant phenotypic core. Patients accumulate heterogeneous combinations of sensory, motor, cognitive, and autonomic impairments over time, reflecting lesions that are disseminated in time and space. Standard scales such as the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) distribute disability across functional systems, but do not explicitly represent MS phenotype as a mixture of latent symptom modules. Methods: We analyzed 4617 de-identified neurology progress notes from 577 patients with MS at a single academic medical center. A large language m…

HLA-dependent association between EBNA1 antibody levels and disability progression in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is strongly implicated in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) but whether EBV-related immune responses are also relevant for disease progression after diagnosis remains unclear. We investigated whether Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) antibody levels are associated with disability progression in MS and whether this association is modified by human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01 and HLA-DRB1*15:01. METHODS: We analysed 5706 patients with MS from two population-based Swedish studies with longitudinal follow-up in the Swedish MS registry. EBNA1 …

Testing the construct validity of real-world digital mobility outcomes in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Wearable devices can measure real-world mobility and generate metrics known as digital mobility outcomes (DMOs). For people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), these DMOs have not been clinically validated. This study aimed to evaluate the construct (convergent, divergent, and known groups) validity of a comprehensive panel of 24 DMOs in pwMS. METHODS: PwMS were recruited to the Mobilise-D Clinical Validation Study, which involved 7-days of real-world mobility monitoring with a lower-back-worn wearable device. DMOs of walking amount, pattern, pace, rhythm, and variability domains were…

Elevated Corpus Callosum T1rho Reflects Disease Burden and Structural Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis.

Background/Objectives: Corpus callosum atrophy is a well recognized feature of multiple sclerosis (MS), which has been associated with disease duration and severity. Quantitative T1rho imaging is an MRI technique sensitive to microstructural tissue alterations, but the T1rho characteristics of the corpus callosum in MS remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to characterize T1rho in the corpus callosum in MS patients, and examine relationships between T1rho values, callosal atrophy, and clinical and imaging markers of disease burden. Method: Thirty patients with relapsing-remitting multipl…

Understanding Palliative Care Needs in Multiple Sclerosis: Insights from a Qualitative Descriptive Study.

BACKGROUND: Given the variability in the provision of palliative care for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) across diverse communities and cultural contexts, and considering the paramount importance of a patient-centered approach in needs assessment, this study aimed to identify the palliative care needs of individuals with MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative descriptive study employed a directed content analysis approach on 2024. Data were collected through semistructured and in-depth 30-minute interviews with 14 patients diagnosed with MS in southern Iran. The interviews continu…

Immune reconstitution and tolerance-inducing therapies as promising therapeutic approaches in multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVES: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex, progressive neurodegenerative autoimmune disease and a major cause of neurological disability worldwide. MS affects approximately 2.8-3 million people, predominantly presenting as relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) that frequently converts to secondary progressive disease, while effective options for progressive phenotypes remain limited. METHODS: This review reframes MS immunotherapy through a tolerance-centric paradigm, distinguishing continuous maintenance disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) from immune reconstitution therapies (IRTs) and emergin…

Потеря NOR1 связана с воспалением и биологическим старением в коре склероза.

Кортикальное нейродегенерирование и глиальная активация являются основными движущими силами развития инвалидности при множественном склерозе, однако молекулярные механизмы, лежащие в основе этих процессов, по-прежнему плохо определены. Членами семейства ядерных рецепторов NR4A являются реагирующие на стресс факторы транскрипции, которые регулируют нейронное выживание, воспалительную сигнализацию и клеточную адаптацию к метаболическому и окислительному стрессу. В частности, сиротский рецептор нейронного происхождения 1 (NR4A3) был замешан в нейрозащитных и реадаптивных реакциях на стресс в друг

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Cortical neurodegeneration and glial activation are major drivers of disability progression in multiple sclerosis, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes remain poorly defined. Members of the NR4A nuclear receptor family are stress-responsive transcription factors that regulate neuronal survival, inflammatory signalling and cellular adaptati…

Characterization of inferior frontal sulcal hyperintensities in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Inferior frontal sulcal hyperintensities (IFSH) on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence have been proposed as a sign of glymphatic function, yet their clinical significance in multiple sclerosis remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between IFSH and brain clearance function, brain structural alterations, cognition, disability, and depression status in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). METHODS: We enrolled 150 patients with RRMS and 55 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). IFSH were rated using a standardized scale. Bra…

Ожирение, диета и физическая активность в педиатрическом множественном склерозе: восприятие пациента и ухаживающего за ним.

ЦЕЛЬ: Уяснить представления и мнения относительно веса, питания, физической активности и времени просмотра у подростков, живущих с педиатрическим множественным склерозом (POMS). Выяснить, совпадают ли взгляды опекуна с представлениями пациента. ПРИВОД: Риск для НР может зависеть от рациона питания и ожирения в раннем возрасте, при этом накапливаются доказательства того, что ожирение, питание и физическая неактивность могут повлиять на состояние болезни. Несмотря на это, большинство молодых людей с избыточным весом, охваченных ПОМС, не понимают, что они имеют избыточный вес.DESIGN/METHODS. Моло

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: To understand the perceptions and opinions regarding weight, dietary intake, physical activity, and screen time in youth living with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS). To identify if caregiver perceptions align with those of the patient. BACKGROUND: Risk for MS may be impacted by dietary habits and early life obesity, with accumulating ev…