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Interleukin-6: obstacles to targeting a complex cytokine in critical illness.

Circulating concentrations of the pleiotropic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) are known to be increased in pro-inflammatory critical care syndromes, such as sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Elevations in serum IL-6 concentrations in patients with severe COVID-19 have led to renewed interest in the cytokine as a therapeutic target. However, although the pro-inflammatory properties of IL-6 are widely known, the cytokine also has a series of important physiological and anti-inflammatory functions. An adequate understanding of the complex processes by which IL-6 signalling occurs is c

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… Ruxolitinib | Oral | JAK1 and JAK2 | Myelofibrosis and polycythaemia rubra vera (approved); graft-versus-host disease, polycythaemia rubra vera, vitiligo, and atopic dermatitis (phase 3); acute myeloid leukaemia, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, essential thrombocythaemia, haemophagocytic syndrome, and bronchiolitis …

Oral complications and management strategies for patients undergoing cancer therapy.

With cancer survival rate climbing up over the past three decades, quality of life for cancer patients has become an issue of major concern. Oral health plays an important part in one's overall quality of life. However, oral health status can be severely hampered by side effects of cancer therapies including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Moreover, prevention and treatment of these complications are often overlooked in clinical practice. The present paper aims at drawing health care professionals' attention to oral complications associated wit

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… Chronic GVHD is characterized by bronchiolitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, esophageal stricture, malabsorption, cholestasis, hematocytopenia, and generalized immunosuppression [ 21 ]. …

Evaluating the Impact of Insurer-Sponsored Health Coaching on Hospitalization and Costs in India: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Health coaching programs are emerging as a promising intervention to improve disease management and reduce healthcare costs, particularly in the context of insurer-sponsored wellness initiatives. While such programs have shown positive outcomes in Western healthcare settings, their effectiveness in India remains underexplored. This study examines the impact of a health coaching program implemented by a prominent Indian health insurer (Aditya Birla Health Insurance), focusing on hospitalization rates and claims paid among high-risk policyholders. To assess the intervention's effectiveness, a re

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… Abscess of anal and rectal regions (K61) | Non-preventable Absent, scanty and rare menstruation (N91) | Non-preventable Acc hit, strk, kick, twist, bite or scratch by another prsn (W50) | Non-preventable Acquired hemolytic anemia (D59) | Preventable Acute appendicitis (K35) | Non-preventable Acute bronchiolitis …

Материалы Международного общества по картированию раковых заболеваний (ИСИС) 18th Ежегодный учебный курс: Ментон, Франция. 7-9 октябрь 2018

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… Bronchiolitis Obliterans: There is myxoid fibrous tissue filling the distal bronchioles and extending into alveolar ducts and associated with inflammatory cells. …

Материалы ежегодной конференции Канадского общества респираторных терапевтов, май 8-10, 2025.

Мы рады представить ряд выдержек из работы ежегодной Конференции по ТРСК. состоявшемся в Оттаве, Онтарио, в мае 8 в адрес 10, 2025, эта конференция включала в себя темы, подготовленные отдельными лицами, имеющими опыт работы в различных областях практики дыхательной терапии. Как видно из следующих резюме, работа наших коллег 2025 :: акцентировали внимание на текущих исследовательских и практических нововведениях, осуществляемых РТ. Мы приложили все усилия для того, чтобы включить все выдержки, принятые Комитетом по программе до предельного срока публикации; вместе с тем просьба иметь в виду, ч

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… When used at concentrations in the 150 ppm to 400 ppm range, it exhibits direct anti-viral and antibacterial effects, and may play an immuno-modulatory role in acute viral infections such as COVID-19 and bronchiolitis. …

[Expert consensus on optimizing the multidisciplinary clinical pathways and management models for pulmonary function testing].

The promotion and application of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in China have achieved preliminary success;however, numerous deficiencies persist in multidisciplinary PFT clinical application pathways and management. Current challenges remain in identifing target population, implementing pathways within and outside medical institutions, allocating hardware, training personnel, managing information, and assessing performance.The consensus aims to optimize multidisciplinary clinical pathways and management models for PFTs by leveraging information technology and strengthening organizational coo

The management of type 2 inflammatory respiratory diseases: a Chinese expert consensus [2024].

BackgroundType 2 (T2) inflammatory respiratory diseases encompass a range of conditions characterized by inflammation affecting the airways and lung parenchyma, with their pathogenesis rooted in T2 inflammation. Biological treatments that mitigate T2 inflammation revolutionize the therapeutic landscape for these respiratory diseases. However, there are decision-making difficulties in terms of the target population, timing of initiation, and type selection for biological targeted therapy.MethodsSearch strategies were focused on relevant issues related to T2 inflammatory respiratory diseases fro

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… COPD COPD is a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, cough, sputum production, and/or exacerbations) due to abnormalities in airways (bronchitis, bronchiolitis) and/or alveoli (emphysema), causing persistent and often progressive airway obstruction ( 102 …

Systemic Consequences of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Beyond Immune-Mediated Manifestations.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management traditionally focuses on intestinal inflammation, yet extraintestinal manifestations can substantially impair patient quality of life. In this perspective, we emphasize the broad systemic impact of IBD-from highly prevalent conditions such as anemia, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, or fatigue to rare but severe complications like interstitial lung disease and drug-induced glomerulonephritis. We review underlying mechanisms linking gut inflammation to distant organs, including immune dysregulation, microbial translocation, an

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… Other less common pulmonary manifestations of IBD include involvement of the small airways, such as various forms of bronchiolitis (including obliterative, chronic, and granulomatous types). …

Respiratory and Thoracic Medicine

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Acute Pneumonia

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Cell-based therapy in prophylaxis and treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Hematopoietic allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is a curative option for patients with hematological malignancies. However, due to disparities in major and minor histocompatibility antigens between donor and recipient, severe inflammatory complications can occur, among which chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) can be life-threatening. A classical therapeutic approach to the prevention and treatment of cGVHD has been broad immunosuppression, but more recently adjuvant immunotherapies have been tested. This review summarizes and discusses immunomodulatory approaches with T ce

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… Donor b-cell alloantibody deposition and germinal center formation are required for the development of murine chronic GVHD and bronchiolitis obliterans. Blood J Am Soc Hematol (2012) 119:1570–80. doi: 10.1182/blood-2011-07-364414 27. …

Proceedings of the International Cancer Imaging Society (ICIS) 17th Annual Teaching Course : Berlin, Germany. 02 - 04 October 2017

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Extracellular vesicles: a new frontier in diagnosing and treating graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a prevalent complication following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and is characterized by relatively high morbidity and mortality rates. GvHD can result in extensive systemic damage in patients following allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT), with the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and liver frequently being the primary target organs affected. The severe manifestations of acute intestinal GvHD often indicate a poor prognosis for patients after allo-HSCT. Endoscopy and histopathological evaluation remain employed to diagnose GvHD, and auxiliar

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… The abnormal tissue repair process results in continuous fibrosis, and patients may present with scleroderma or obliterative bronchiolitis syndrome. Moreover, the donor B cell’s steady state and tolerance mechanism are disrupted, leading to decreased memory function. …

Retrospective analysis of the preparation and application of immunotherapy in cancer treatment (Review).

Monoclonal antibody technology plays a vital role in biomedical and immunotherapy, which greatly promotes the study of the structure and function of genes and proteins. To date, monoclonal antibodies have gone through four stages: murine monoclonal antibody, chimeric monoclonal antibody, humanised monoclonal antibody and fully human monoclonal antibody; thousands of monoclonal antibodies have been used in the fields of biology and medicine, playing a special role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of disease. In this review, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of hybridoma te

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… graft-versus-host disease: Updated experience from a large-scale study Am J Hematol 95 927 936 2020 10.1002/ajh.25839 32311156 53 Furuya Y Jayarajan SN Taghavi S Cordova FC Patel N Shiose A Leotta E Criner GJ Guy TS Wheatley GH The impact of alemtuzumab and basiliximab induction on patient survival and time to bronchiolitis …

Extraglandular Manifestations of Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS): Dermatologic, Arthritic, Endocrine, Pulmonary, Cardiovascular, Gastroenterology, Renal, Urology, and Gynecologic Manifestations

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… classification of interstitial pneumonitis is undergoing change [ 78 ] with recognition of subsets including Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP), which is now recognized as a subset of non-specific interstitial pneumonitis (NSIP) Usual Interstitial Pneumonitis (UIP) that has a fibrotic feature on biopsy Bronchiolitis …

The Proceedings of the 19th International Cancer Imaging Society Meeting and Annual Teaching Course : Verona, Italy. 7 - 9 October 2019.

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Biology and Diseases of Dogs

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… In cases of clinical infection, B. bronchiseptica attaches to the cilia on the mucosal surface of the upper airway epithelium, causing suppurative tracheobronchitis and bronchiolitis. …

Cutting edge of immune response and immunosuppressants in allogeneic and xenogeneic islet transplantation.

As an effective treatment for diabetes, islet transplantation has garnered significant attention and research in recent years. However, immune rejection and the toxicity of immunosuppressive drugs remain critical factors influencing the success of islet transplantation. While immunosuppressants are essential in reducing immune rejection reactions and can significantly improve the survival rate of islet transplants, improper use of these drugs can markedly increase mortality rates following transplantation. Additionally, the current availability of islet organ donations fails to meet the demand

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… De novo donor-specific HLA antibodies are associated with early and high-grade bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and death after lung transplantation . J Heart Lung Transplant . ( 2014 ) 33 : 1288–94 . doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.07.018 25443870 40 Le Moine A Goldman M . …

Protein kinase CK2: a potential therapeutic target for diverse human diseases.

CK2 is a constitutively active Ser/Thr protein kinase, which phosphorylates hundreds of substrates, controls several signaling pathways, and is implicated in a plethora of human diseases. Its best documented role is in cancer, where it regulates practically all malignant hallmarks. Other well-known functions of CK2 are in human infections; in particular, several viruses exploit host cell CK2 for their life cycle. Very recently, also SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, has been found to enhance CK2 activity and to induce the phosphorylation of several CK2 substrates (ei

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… viral targets of CK2 are relevant for human diseases, as NSP1 of rotavirus (that causes severe diarrhea in young children), 190 the nucleocapsid protein of the Hantaan virus (that causes serious disease syndromes in humans), 191 the matrix M protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (that causes bronchiolitis …

Targeting fibrosis, mechanisms and cilinical trials.

Fibrosis is characterized by the excessive extracellular matrix deposition due to dysregulated wound and connective tissue repair response. Multiple organs can develop fibrosis, including the liver, kidney, heart, and lung. Fibrosis such as liver cirrhosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis caused substantial disease burden. Persistent abnormal activation of myofibroblasts mediated by various signals, such as transforming growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and fibroblast growh factor, has been recongized as a major event in the occurrence and progression of fibrosi