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Воздействие автономной дисфункции на характеристики множественного склероза: Отчёты из тунисского когортного исследования.

UNLABELELED: Часто о дисфункции автономной нервной системы (ANS) сообщается у людей с множественным склерозом (pwMS), хотя он по-прежнему не диагностирован. Наша цель состоит в том, чтобы оценить частотность дисфункции ANS в PwMS с использованием клинических и электрофизиологических оценок и изучить ее связь с такими характеристиками болезни, как усталость, а также ее воздействие на качество жизни. МЕТОДЫ: В отделении неврологии университетского госпиталя в Рази было проведено перекрестное исследование, в том числе 100 ПТМС. Оценка ANS проводилась с помощью композитного автономного симптома 31

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
UNLABELLED: Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is frequently reported in people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS), although it remains underdiagnosed. Our aim is to evaluate the frequency of ANS dysfunction in pwMS using clinical and electrophysiological assessments and to investigate its relationship with disease characteristics, such as fatigue, as we…

An adeno-associated viral labeling approach to visualize the meso- and microanatomy of mechanosensory afferents and autonomic innervation of the rat urinary bladder.

The urinary bladder is supplied by a rich network of sensory and autonomic axons, commonly visualized by immunolabeling for neural markers. This approach demonstrates overall network patterning but is less suited to understanding the structure of individual motor and sensory terminals within these complex plexuses. There is a further limitation visualizing the lightly myelinated (A-delta) class of sensory axons that provides the primary mechanosensory drive for initiation of voiding. Whereas most unmyelinated sensory axons can be revealed by immunolabeling for specific neuropeptides, to date n

Inappropriate sinus tachycardia in post-COVID-19 syndrome.

Inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST) is a common observation in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) but has not yet been fully descr … 95 vs. 1048 ± 570, respectively; p < 0.001). IST is prevalent condition among PCS patients. Cardiac autonomic nervous system imbalance with decreased parasympathetic activity may explain this phenomenon.

ANSiscope™: Can it be the crystal ball of cardiac anesthesia?

BACKGROUND: : Autonomic dysfunction (AD) is infrequently evaluated preoperatively despite having profound perioperative implications. The AN … ld for conversion must be lower in patients deemed to be at a higher risk. Proper evaluation of the autonomic nervous system empowers the anesthesiologist to anticipate and adequately prepare for complications.

Thermoregulatory disorders and illness related to heat and cold stress.

Thermoregulation is a vital function of the autonomic nervous system in response to cold and heat stress. Thermoregulatory physiology sustains health by keeping body core temperature within a degree or two of 37°C, which enables normal cellular function. Heat production and dissipation are dependent on a coordinated set of autonomic responses. The clinical detection of thermoregulatory impairment provides important diagnostic and localizing information in the evaluation of disorders that impair thermoregulatory pathways, including autonomic neuropathies and ganglionopathies. Failure of neural …

Brainstem dysfunction protects against syncope in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between autonomic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS) and brainstem … cope. CONCLUSIONS: Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying functional and structural disorders of autonomic nervous system in MS differ significantly. While preserved brainstem function is needed for development of syncope, structural disorders like OH could be associated with brainstem dysfunction.

A comparison of the efficacy of surgical renal denervation and pharmacologic therapies in post-myocardial infarction heart failure.

OBJECTIVE: Although renal denervation (RD) has been shown to be effective in treating post- myocardial Infarction (MI) heart failure (HF) in … MI, n = 15), and ARB-3d+MI group (Losartan treated three days before MI, n = 15). Cardiac function, autonomic nervous system parameters, and neuroendocrine activities were evaluated 8 weeks post MI. RESULTS: Compared to β-blockers, ACEIs, and ARBs, RD alone provided significantly better cardiac remodeling and function, enhanced water and sodium excretion, and improved au …

Electrophysiology and arrhythmogenic activity of single cardiomyocytes from canine superior vena cava.

BACKGROUND: The superior vena cava (SVC) has been proved to be a focal point in the initiation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The autonomic nervous system plays an important role in the genesis of atrial fibrillation. However, the arrhythmogenic potentials of SVC and its responses to autonomic agents are not clear. The purpose of this study was to isolate single SVC cardiomyocytes and to investigate their electrophysiological characteristics, as well as the direct effects of autonomic agents. METHODS AND RESULTS: Canine SVC cardiomyocytes were isolated by perfusion with digestive enzymes.…

Loss of regulation by sympathetic hepatic nerves of liver metabolism and haemodynamics in chronically streptozotocin-diabetic rats.

The consequences of autonomic diabetic neuropathy, a common complication of chronic diabetes mellitus, have been studied mainly with regard to heart and stomach function. Since the autonomic nervous system also regulates liver carbohydrate metabolism and haemodynamics via hepatic nerves, it was the purpose of this study to examine the function of hepatic nerves in chronically diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by i.p. injection of streptozotocin. Rat livers were perfused via both portal vein and hepatic artery. Hepatic nerves were stimulated for 2 min using a platinum electrode placed around …

Imbalance of heart rate regulation in cluster headache as based on continuous 24-h recordings.

An altered autonomic balance is considered to be a pathogenetic factor in cluster headache syndrome, although there is varying data on sympa … f the disease or to the site of pain, probably reflects a central, site-related, dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system in cluster headache.

[Cardiovascular autonomic impairment in one case of acute pandysautonomia with recovery (author's transl)].

Pure acute Pandysautonomia (PAP), first described in 1969 by Young, is a rare but well defined clinical entity, in which the isolate involvement of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) gives rise to a characteristic clinical admixture of symptoms and signs all due to the alteration of parasympathetic and sympathetic control of neurovegetative functions. The most prominent clinical features are: 1) postural hypotension without changes in heart rate leading to orthostatic syncopal or near-syncopal episodes, 2) abnormalities of intestinal tract and urinary bladder motility, leading to constipation alte…

Dual-directional regulation of spinal cord injury and the gut microbiota.

There is increasing evidence that the gut microbiota affects the incidence and progression of central nervous system diseases via the brain-gut axis. The spinal cord is a vital important part of the central nervous system; however, the underlying association between spinal cord injury and gut interactions remains unknown. Recent studies suggest that patients with spinal cord injury frequently experience intestinal dysfunction and gut dysbiosis. Alterations in the gut microbiota can cause disruption in the intestinal barrier and trigger neurogenic inflammatory responses which may impede recover

The developmental etiology and pathogenesis of Hirschsprung disease.

The enteric nervous system is the part of the autonomic nervous system that directly controls the gastrointestinal tract. Derived from a multipotent, migratory cell population called the neural crest, a complete enteric nervous system is necessary for proper gut function. Disorders that arise as a consequence of defective neural crest cell development are termed neurocristopathies. One such disorder is Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), also known as congenital megacolon or intestinal aganglionosis. HSCR occurs in 1/5000 live births and typically presents with the inability to pass meconium, along w…

Dynamic Modulation of the Gut Microbiome in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Potential, and Clinical Perspective.

The gut and brain communicate bidirectionally through the gut microbiota, forming a complex network often referred to as the "microbiota-gut … s system (CNS) influences digestive processes via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and autonomic nervous system (ANS). On the other hand, the gut reciprocally affects brain function through microbial metabolites, neuroactive substances, and intestinal hormones via multiple pathways, including neural (vagal), immune, and endocrine signaling; however, only a su …

Neuropathological Findings in Nonclinical Species Following Administration of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV)-Based Gene Therapy Vectors.

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy vectors are an accepted platform for treating severe neurological diseases. Test article (TA)-related and procedure-related neuropathological effects following administration of AAV-based vectors are observed in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). Leukocyte accumulation (mononuclear cell infiltration > inflammation) may occur in brain, spinal cord, spinal nerve roots (SNRs), sensory and autonomic ganglia, and rarely nerves. Leukocyte accumulation may be associated with neuron necrosis (sensory ganglia > CNS) and/or gli

A case report of unilateral development of painful thyroiditis used as a hallmark of the nervous nature of its pathogenesis.

BACKGROUND: Painful thyroiditis (PT) combines several variants of pathology. The most common is subacute thyroiditis (ST). Despite the preva … ction affects only one of the thyroid lobes, as demonstrated in the present case, indicate that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a leading role in PT development.

Neuropathogenesis of HIV and emerging therapeutic targets.

INTRODUCTION: HIV infection causes a wide range of neurological complications, many of which are among the most common complications of chronic HIV infection in the era of combined antiretroviral therapy. These neurological conditions arise due to complex interactions between HIV viral proteins and neuronal and glial cells that lead to the activation of various inflammatory and neurotoxic pathways across the nervous system. AREAS COVERED: This review summarizes the current literature on the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of neurological injuries associated with HIV in the brain, spi

Overview of therapeutic applications of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation: a motivation for novel treatments for systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder that commonly affects the skin, joints, kidneys, and central ne … diseases such as SLE. This review first provides a background on the important contribution of the autonomic nervous system to the pathogenesis of SLE. The gross and structural anatomy of the vagus nerve and its contribution to the inflammatory response are described afterwards to provide a general understanding of the impact of stimulating the vagus nerve. Finally, an o …

Electrochemical Skin Conductance Alterations during Spinal Cord Stimulation: An Experimental Study.

Despite the well-known clinical effects of spinal cord stimulation (SCS), the mechanisms of action have not yet been fully unraveled. The primary aim of this study was to measure whether electrochemical skin conductance, as a measure of peripheral sympathetic autonomic function, is altered by SCS. A second aim was to compare skin conductance levels of patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) with age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Twenty-three patients with FBSS treated with SCS participated in this study. Sudomotor function was measured with the SudoscanTM instrument on the hands

Intraoperative Neurophysiology Monitoring for Spinal Dysraphism.

Spinal dysraphism often causes neurological impairment from direct involvement of lesions or from cord tethering. The conus medullaris and l … s still deficient of quantitative and objective evaluation and fails to directly measure the sacral autonomic nervous system.