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Imaging spinal cord atrophy in progressive myelopathies: HTLV-I-associated neurological disease (HAM/TSP) and multiple sclerosis (MS).

OBJECTIVE: Previous work measures spinal cord thinning in chronic progressive myelopathies, including human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Quantitative measurements of spinal cord atrophy are important in fully characterizing these and other spinal cord diseases. We aimed to investigate patterns of spinal cord atrophy and correlations with clinical markers. METHODS: Spinal cord cross-sectional area was measured in individuals (24 healthy controls [HCs], 17 asymptomatic carriers of HTLV-1 (AC), 47 HAM/TS…

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis: a phase II trial.

OBJECTIVE: To assess in multiple sclerosis (MS) the effect of intense immunosuppression followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (AHSCT) vs mitoxantrone (MTX) on disease activity measured by MRI. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, phase II, randomized trial including patients with secondary progressive or relapsing-remitting MS, with a documented increase in the last year on the Expanded Disability Status Scale, in spite of conventional therapy, and presence of one or more gadolinium-enhancing (Gd+) areas. Patients were randomized to receive intense immunosuppression …

Feeling severely affected by multiple sclerosis: what does this mean?

BACKGROUND: The situation for people feeling severely affected by Multiple Sclerosis (MS) remains largely unexamined and the term 'severe MS' is not clearly defined. AIM: Our study describes this sub-group of patients utilizing exclusively a subjective inclusion criterion to analyse their reasons for feeling severely affected and document their perceived unmet needs. DESIGN: A questionnaire with open- and closed-ended items addressing only patients feeling severely affected was sent out nationwide. Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS) and subjectively severe affectedness were analysed for…

ПедиМС: набор данных о педиатрическом многоразовом спектре склероза.

Множественный склероз (MS) является хроническим аутоиммунным заболеванием, которое в первую очередь затрагивает центральную нервную систему и диагностируется преимущественно у взрослых, что делает педиатрические случаи редкими и недопредставленными в медицинских исследованиях. В настоящем документе представлен первый общедоступный набор данных МРТ, специально посвященный сегментации педиатрического множественных склерозов. Этот набор данных включает продольное МРТ-сканирование 9 педиатрических пациентов, каждый из которых имеет от одного до шести временных интервалов, и в общей сложности 28 МР

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the central nervous system and is predominantly diagnosed in adults, making pediatric cases rare and underrepresented in medical research. This paper introduces the first publicly available MRI dataset specifically dedicated to pediatric multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation. The…

Persistent infection with Theiler's virus leads to CNS autoimmunity via epitope spreading.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune demyelinating disease, which may be initiated by a virus infection. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), a natural mouse pathogen, is a picornavirus that induces a chronic, CD4+ T cell-mediated demyelinating disease with a clinical course and histopathology similar to that of chronic progressive MS (ref. 3). Demyelination in TMEV-infected mice is initiated by a mononuclear inflammatory response mediated by virus-specific CD4+ T cells targeting virus, which chronically persists in the CNS (ref. 4-6). We show that beginning 3-4 …

Strong EBV-specific CD8+ T-cell response in patients with early multiple sclerosis.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), however, most studies examining the relationship between the virus and the disease have been based on serologies, and if EBV is linked to MS, CD8+ T cells are likely to be involved as they are important both in MS pathogenesis and in controlling viruses. We hypothesized that valuable information on the link between MS and EBV would be ascertained from the study of frequency and activation levels of EBV-specific CD8+ T cells in different categories of MS patients and control subjects. We investigated EBV-specific cellula…

" Окно " в новых представлениях о прогрессе, независимом от активности релапса в многоразовом склерозе: роль терапии и текущие перспективы.

В случае множественного склероза (МС) имеются значительные данные, указывающие на то, что как прогресс, не зависящий от активности рецидивов (ИПРА), так и ухудшение ситуации, связанное с рецидивами, способствуют накоплению постепенной инвалидности с самого начала заболевания и на протяжении всего его периода. Понимание разрозненной патофизиологии MS способствовало бы более глубокому пониманию механизмов развития заболеваний и преодолению традиционного различия в фенотипах. Похоже, что деятельность по сморщению MS поддерживается постоянным взаимодействием между паренхимными хроническими процесс

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
In multiple sclerosis (MS), there is significant evidence indicating that both progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) and relapse-related worsening events contribute to the accumulation of progressive disability from the onset of the disease and throughout its course. Understanding the compartmentalized pathophysiology of MS would enhance compreh…

Human endogenous retrovirus type W envelope expression in blood and brain cells provides new insights into multiple sclerosis disease.

BACKGROUND: The envelope protein from multiple sclerosis (MS) associated retroviral element (MSRV), a member of the Human Endogenous Retroviral family 'W' (HERV-W), induces dysimmunity and inflammation. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to confirm and specify the association between HERV-W/MSRV envelope (Env) expression and MS. METHODS: 103 MS, 199 healthy controls (HC) and controls with other neurological diseases (28), chronic infections (30) or autoimmunity (30) were analysed with an immunoassay detecting Env in serum. Env RNA or DNA copy numbers in peripheral blood mononuclear c…

CLIPPERS syndrome: Case report in a Brazilian patient with a long term disease evolution.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation with Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids (CLIPPERS Syndrome) was first de … rative disease. Its relevance must be acknowledged for being an important differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases. Early diagnosis may be critical to halt the progression and affect outcome of the disease.

Task-oriented virtual reality and brain functional plasticity in progressive multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial on upper limb rehabilitation.

BACKGROUND: Motor rehabilitation effectiveness in progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) remains uncertain. We assessed whether task-oriented (TO) rehabilitation, with or without non-immersive virtual reality, improves upper limb function in PMS and evaluated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes related to motor performance. METHODS: Eighty-one progressive multiple sclerosis patients on B-cell depleting therapy were randomized to task-oriented rehabilitation with virtual reality (TO-VR), TO rehabilitation, or passive mobilization (CG) for 8 weeks. Upper extremity performance was measured wi…

Демиелинированные повреждения связаны с ектарным воспалением в прогрессивных множественных склерозовых мозгах.

Патогенез прогрессивного множественного склероза (ПМС) включает в себя агрегаты периферийных и врожденных иммунных клеток, которые в совокупности называют изолированным воспалением. К числу таких объектов относятся манинги, периваскулярные пространства судов, хороид-плекс и границы демиелинированных повреждений. Повреждения церебральной белой материи (ВМ) на магнитных резонансных изображениях проявляются в виде полумагнитных ободов (ПЗК). PRLs ассоциируется с увеличением повреждений и рассматривается в качестве цели для лечения людей с сенсорным синдромом. Менее известно о провокационных среда

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The pathogenesis of progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) involves aggregates of peripheral and innate immune cells that are collectively referred to as compartmental inflammation. Sites include the meninges, perivascular spaces of vessels, choroid plexus, and borders of demyelinated lesions. Iron-laden activated microglia/macrophages that border cerebral whi…

Обучение снимкам на автомобилях поощряет обучение моторным навыкам и пластичность мозга без жира у людей с прогрессивным множественным склерозом.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: У людей с множественным склерозом (PwMS), особенно у лиц с прогрессивными формами заболевания, характерно снижение показателей, вызванное деятельностью. Настоятельно необходимо сосредоточить внимание на этой группе населения, с тем чтобы определить наиболее подходящие стратегии реабилитации, адаптированные к индивидуальным особенностям, включая их подверженность жировому воздействию. Одна из ключевых целей заключается в разработке новых мер, обеспечивающих максимальную терапевтическую эффективность при одновременном сокращении объема работы по выполнению поставленных задач.АИМ: В р

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Fatigability, defined as the activity-induced decline in performance, is common in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), particularly among those with progressive courses of the disease. There is a pressing need to focus on this population to identify the most appropriate rehabilitation strategies, tailored to individual characteristics, includi…

Intrathecal methotrexate in progressive multiple sclerosis: a phase 1 open-label study with long-term follow-up.

Progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) remains challenging to treat effectively. Intrathecal methotrexate (ITMTX) has emerged as a potential therapy for alleviating PMS symptoms. This study aimed to assess the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of ITMTX in PMS patients over short- and long-term periods. A 1-year, open-label, phase 1 study was conducted, administering ITMTX quarterly to eligible PMS patients. Primary endpoints included changes in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, 25-Foot Walk (25FW), and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) from baseline to 1 year. Secondary endpoint…

Associations between fatigue impact and physical and neurobehavioural factors: An exploration in people with progressive multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Fatigue is common in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Understanding the relationship between fatigue, physical and neurobehavioural factors is important to inform future research and practice. Few studies explore this explicitly in people with progressive MS (pwPMS). OBJECTIVE: To explore relationships between self-reported fatigue, physical and neurobehavioural measures in a large, international progressive MS sample of cognitively impaired people recruited to the CogEx trial. METHODS: Baseline assessments of fatigue (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale; MFIS), aerobic capacity (V…

Neuroimmunological characterization of a mouse model of primary progressive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and effects of immunosuppressive or neuroprotective strategies on disease evolution.

Progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) is a devastating disorder sustained by neuroimmune interactions still wait to be identified. Recently, immune-independent, neural bioenergetic derangements have been hypothesized as causative of neurodegeneration in PMS patients. To gather information on the immune and neurodegenerative components during PMS, in the present study we investigated the molecular and cellular events occurring in a Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In these mice, we also evaluated the effects of clinically-relevant immunosup…

Structural and cognitive correlates of fatigue in progressive multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating symptom and experienced by most patients. In recent studies investigating this phenomenon, the majority of patients had a relapsing-remitting disease course. METHODS: Patients with progressive MS participating in one of three treatment trials during a period from 2010 to 2014 were included. Fatigue was assessed with the Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive Functions (FSMC) and patients were further examined with a cognitive test battery, including Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), and 3 T MRI with subsequent quantitative ana…

Refractory trigeminal neuralgia responsive to nabiximols in a patient with multiple sclerosis.

INTRODUCTION: Nabiximols is a cannabinoid compound approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS)-related spasticity. However, additional symptoms, such as pain, urinary urgency and sleep disturbance, may benefit from treatment. CASE REPORT: The present report describes a patient with secondary progressive MS and severe lower limbs spasticity who was started on treatment with nabiximols. The patient also suffered from trigeminal neuralgia, which he was not treating due to inefficacy or side effects of all previously tried medications. After nabiximols initiation the patient experienced…

Diabetes insipidus as a rare cause of acute cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurodegenerative disease presenting with a diversity of clinical symptoms including palsy and cognitive impairment. We present a 59-year-old woman with a history of secondary progressive MS since 1987, who was referred to our department because of recent onset of confusion and polydipsia. Initial lab tests showed mildly elevated serum sodium levels and low urine osmolality. Under water deprivation, diuresis and low urine osmolality persisted and serum sodium levels rose above 150 mmol/l. Oral desmopressin resulted in normalisation of serum sodium as well a…

Longitudinal enlargement of choroid plexus is associated with chronic lesion expansion and neurodegeneration in RRMS patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: We explored dynamic changes in the choroid plexus (CP) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and assessed its relationship with chronic lesion expansion and atrophy in various brain compartments. METHODS: Fifty-seven RRMS patients were annually assessed for a minimum of 48 months with 3D FLAIR, pre- and post-contrast 3D T1 and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The CP was manually segmented at baseline and last follow-up. RESULTS: The volume of CP significantly increased by 1.4% annually. However, the extent of CP enlargeme…

Urinary and Plasma Metabolomics Identify the Distinct Metabolic Profile of Disease State in Chronic Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis.

Identification of non-invasive biomarkers of disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) is critically needed for monitoring the disease progression and for effective therapeutic interventions. Urine is an attractive source for non-invasive biomarkers because it is easily obtained in the clinic. In search of a urine metabolite signature of progression in chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we profiled urine at the chronic stage of the disease (day 45 post immunization) by global untargeted metabolomics. Using a combination of high-throughput liquid-and-gas chromatograph…