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Molecular classification of gastric cancer: Towards a pathway-driven targeted therapy.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Although surgical resection is a potentially curative approach for localized cases of GC, most cases of GC are diagnosed in an advanced, non-curable stage and the response to traditional chemotherapy is limited. Fortunately, recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that mediate GC hold great promise for the development of more effective treatment strategies. In this review, an overview of the morphological classification, current treatment approaches, and molecular alterations that have been c

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… In a screening of more than 3300 drugs by Liu-Chittenden et al. [ 252 ], the porphyrin family of proteins, including verteporfin (VP), hematoporphyrin, and protoporphyrin IX, were identified as YAP1 inhibitors. …

Breaking the Resistance: Photodynamic Therapy in Cancer Stem Cell-Driven Tumorigenesis.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are essential for the growth of malignancies because they encourage resistance to cancer therapy and make metastasis and relapse easier. To effectively tackle the obstacles presented by CSCs, novel therapeutic approaches are required. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment option for cancer cells, which uses light-sensitive medications that are activated by light wavelengths. This review investigates the use of PDT to overcome malignancies driven by CSCs that have innate resistance mechanisms. PDT works by causing tumor cells to accumulate photosensitizers

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… Various photosensitizing agents, including “Photofrin ® , Foscan ® , Laserphyrin ® , Purlytin ® , Verteporfin ® , and LuTex ® ”, are being investigated in preclinical and clinical trials for their potential in treating breast cancer [ 160 ]. …

Casein Kinase 2 Inhibitor, CX-4945, Induces Apoptosis and Restores Blood-Brain Barrier Homeostasis in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Glioblastoma.

Background: In oncology, casein kinase 2 (CK2), a serine/threonine kinase, has a dual action, regulating cellular processes and acting as an oncogenic promoter. Methods: This study examined the effect of CX-4945, a selective CK2 inhibitor, in a human U-87 glioblastoma (GBM) cell line, treated with CX-4945 (5, 10, and 15 μM) for 24 h. Similarly, the hCMEC/D3 cell line was used to mimic the blood-brain barrier (BBB), examining the ability of CX-4945 to restore BBB homeostasis, after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and then treated with CX-4945 (5, 10, and 15 μM). Results: We reported t

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… Inhibition of Casein Kinase II by CX-4945, But Not Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) by Verteporfin, Enhances the Antitumor Efficacy of Temozolomide in Glioblastoma Transl. Oncol. 2020 13 70 78 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.09.006 31810002 PMC6909086 18. Tian Q. Cui H. Li Y. Lu H. …

Cancer stem cells in esophageal squamous cell cancer.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are hypothesized to govern the origin, progression, drug resistance, recurrence and metastasis of human cancer. CSCs have been identified in nearly all types of human cancer, including esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). Four major methods are typically used to isolate or enrich CSCs, including: i) fluorescence-activated cell sorting or magnetic-activated cell sorting using cell-specific surface markers; ii) stem cell markers, including aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1; iii) side population cell phenotype markers; and iv) microsphere culture methods. ESCC

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… The small-molecule inhibitor of YAP1, verteporfin, blocks ESCC CSC properties in cells with high YAP1 and a high proportion of ALDH1+ cells ( 69 ). …

Nanotherapeutics in the EU: an overview on current state and future directions.

The application of nanotechnology in areas of drug delivery and therapy (ie, nanotherapeutics) is envisioned to have a great impact on public health. The ability of nanotherapeutics to provide targeted drug delivery, improve drug solubility, extend drug half-life, improve a drug's therapeutic index, and reduce a drug's immunogenicity has resulted in the potential to revolutionize the treatment of many diseases. In this paper, we review the liposome-, nanocrystal-, virosome-, polymer therapeutic-, nanoemulsion-, and nanoparticle-based approaches to nanotherapeutics, which represent the most suc

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… SE, SI, SK, UK -MAH in RMS: B Braun Melsungen AG NP:HR | | | Propofol® (Fresenius Kabi Austria GmbH, Graz, AT) | MRP: -RMS: DE -CMS: AT, BE, CY, CZ, DK, EE, EL, ES, FI, FR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, NL, NO, PL, PT, SE, SI, SK, UK -MAH in RMS: Fresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH, Friedberg, DE NP:HR Verteporfin …

Engineering with Biomedical Sciences Changing the Horizon of Healthcare-A Review.

In the dynamic realm of healthcare, the convergence of engineering and biomedical sciences has emerged as a pivotal frontier. In this review we go into specific areas of innovation, including medical imaging and diagnosis, developments in biomedical sensors, and drug delivery systems. Wearable biosensors, non-wearable biosensors, and biochips, which include gene chips, protein chips, and cell chips, are all included in the scope of the topic that pertains to biomedical sensors. Extensive research is conducted on drug delivery systems, spanning topics such as the integration of computer modelin

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… Irinotecan hydrochloride Liposome Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals Pancreatic cancer 48 Marqibo 2020 Vincristine sulfate Liposome Spectrum Pharmaceuticals Philadelphia chromosome-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia 49 DaunoXome 2020 Daunorubicin hydrochloride Liposome Galen US Kaposi sarcoma 50 Visudyne 2021 Verteporfin … Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals | Pancreatic cancer 48 | Marqibo | 2020 | Vincristine sulfate | Liposome | Spectrum Pharmaceuticals | Philadelphia chromosome-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia 49 | DaunoXome | 2020 | Daunorubicin hydrochloride | Liposome | Galen US | Kaposi sarcoma 50 | Visudyne | 2021 | Verteporfin …

The Application of Aptamer and Research Progress in Liver Disease.

Aptamers, as a kind of small-molecule nucleic acid, have attracted much attention since their discovery. Compared with biological reagents such as antibodies, aptamers have the advantages of small molecular weight, low immunogenicity, low cost, and easy modification. At present, aptamers are mainly used in disease biomarker discovery, disease diagnosis, treatment, and targeted drug delivery vectors. In the process of screening and optimizing aptamers, it is found that there are still many problems need to be solved such as the design of the library, optimization of screening conditions, the tr

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… Current therapeutic options for AMD encompass ranibizumab, Pegaptanib, bevacizumab, and PDT with verteporfin. Studies have demonstrated that ranibizumab is considered the most cost-effective among approved regimens for treating AMD [ 72 ]. …

Current Trends and Challenges in the Clinical Translation of Nanoparticulate Nanomedicines: Pathways for Translational Development and Commercialization.

The use of nanotechnology in medicine has the potential to have a major impact on human health for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. One particular aspect of the nanomedicine field which has received a great deal of attention is the design and development of nanoparticulate nanomedicines (NNMs) for drug delivery (i.e., drug-containing nanoparticles). NNMs are intended to deliver drugs via various mechanisms: solubilization, passive targeting, active targeting, and triggered release. The NNM approach aims to increase therapeutic efficacy, decrease the therapeutically effecti

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… | Abelcet | Amphotericin B | Fungal infections | Lipo-Dox | Doxorubicin | HIV-related Kaposi's Sarcoma, ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma | Marqibo (Onco-TCS) | Vincristine | Adult AML | Onivyde | Irinotecan | Pancreatic cancer | Vyxeos (CPX-351) | Cytarabine and daunorubicin | AML | Visudyne | Verteporfin …

Целевые стратегии лечения рака цвета кожи: изучение использования аптемеров и золотых нанопчастей.

Рак цвета кожи (КЗК) является второй ведущей причиной смертности от рака и является причиной ~10% из всех случаев рака. По оценкам, во всем мире случаи, связанные с КПР 1.9 million и 930,000 смертями в 2022. Несмотря на расширение доступа к обследованиям и лечению в рамках КПР, ожидается, что показатели смертности резко возрастут в районах с низким уровнем ресурсов, что подчеркивает настоятельную необходимость принятия новаторских мер по лечению в рамках КПР. Текущая химиотерапия создает проблемы, такие, как плохая биодоступность, резистентность к многочисленным лекарствам и негативные побочны

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… In vivo efficacy of verteporfin loaded gold nanorods for combined photothermal/photodynamic colon cancer therapy Int. J. Pharm. 2022 625 122134 10.1016/J.IJPHARM.2022.122134 36007850 107. Costantini P.E. Di Giosia M. Ulfo L. Petrosino A. Saporetti R. Fimognari C. Pompa P.P. Danielli A. Turrini E. …

Skeletal organoids.

The skeletal system, composed of bones, muscles, joints, ligaments, and tendons, serves as the foundation for maintaining human posture, mobility, and overall biomechanical functionality. However, with ageing, chronic overuse, and acute injuries, conditions such as osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, muscle atrophy, and ligament or tendon tears have become increasingly prevalent and pose serious clinical challenges. These disorders not only result in pain, functional loss, and a marked reduction in patients' quality of life but also impose substantial social and economic burdens.

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… Mesenchymal stromal cells modulate YAP by verteporfin to mimic cartilage development and construct cartilage organoids based on decellularized matrix scaffolds. J Mater Chem B. 2023;11:7442–7453. doi: 10.1039/d3tb01114c. 74. Zhang Y., Li G., Wang J., Zhou F., Ren X., Su J. …

Identification of broad anti-coronavirus chemical agents for repurposing against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern.

Endemic human coronaviruses (hCoVs) 229E and OC43 cause respiratory disease with recurrent infections, while severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 spreads across the world with impact on health and societies. Here, we report an image-based multicycle infection procedure with α-coronavirus hCoV-229E-eGFP in an arrayed chemical library screen of 5440 clinical and preclinical compounds. Toxicity counter selection and challenge with the β-coronaviruses OC43 and SARS-CoV-2 in tissue culture and human airway epithelial explant cultures (HAEEC) identified four FDA-approved compounds with ora

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… | | ✔ | | | | RAF265 | ✔ | ✔ | | | | ✔ Ravuconazole | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | | | ✔ SB225002 | | ✔ | | | | SB-505124 | | | | | ✔ | ✔ Tanaproget | ✔ | ✔ | | | | TCS-21311 | ✔ | ✔ | | ✔ | | Thonzonium bromide | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | | ✔ | ✔ TRO 19622 | | | | | | UK-5099 | ✔ | ✔ | | | | Verteporfin …

Computational proteomics to enhance personalized treatment of COVID-19 and Long COVID.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to significant global health burden, including both acute infections and persistent post-acute sequelae, also known as Long COVID (LC) in survivors. While clinical management has reduced case-fatality rates, a substantial proportion of patients develop LC, a heterogeneous syndrome with long-term symptoms. This complex continuum requires therapeutic strategies for both the acute and chronic phases. Plasma proteomics has emerged as a powerful tool in precision medicin

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… AI-ML approaches identified Verteporfin, Alatrofloxacin, Metergoline, Rescinnamine, Leuprolide, and Telotristat ethyl as spike protein-ACE receptor inhibitors preventing viral entry [ 169 ]. C5a, IL-6, TF, and PAI-1 represent potential druggable targets in clinical trials [ 170 , 171 ]. …

Development and Clinical Translation of Approved Gene Therapy Products for Genetic Disorders.

The field of gene therapy is striving more than ever to define a path to the clinic and the market. Twenty gene therapy products have already been approved and over two thousand human gene therapy clinical trials have been reported worldwide. These advances raise great hope to treat devastating rare and inherited diseases as well as incurable illnesses. Understanding of the precise pathomechanisms of diseases as well as the development of efficient and specific gene targeting and delivery tools are revolutionizing the global market. Currently, human cancers and monogenic disorders are indicati

An Overview of Polymeric Nanoparticles-Based Drug Delivery System in Cancer Treatment.

Cancer is recognized as one of the world's deadliest diseases, with more than 10 million new cases each year. Over the past 2 decades, several studies have been performed on cancer to pursue solutions for effective treatment. One of the vital benefits of utilizing nanoparticles (NPs) in cancer treatment is their high adaptability for modification and amalgamation of different physicochemical properties to boost their anti-cancer activity. Various nanomaterials have been designed as nanocarriers attributing nontoxic and biocompatible drug delivery systems with improved bioactivity. The present

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… . | Visudyne | Mascular degeneration | Untargeted | Liposomal verteporfin | 2000 5. | DepoCyt | Acute Nonlymphocytic leukemia, meningeal leukemia, refractory leukemia | Untargeted | Liposome/cytosine arabinoside | 1999 6. | Ontak | Engineered protein combining interleukin-2 and diphtheria toxin | Targeted …

Emergent Nanotechnological Strategies for Systemic Chemotherapy against Melanoma.

Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer, being one of the deadliest cancers in the world. The current treatment options involve surgery, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and the use of chemotherapeutic agents. Although the last approach is the most used, the high toxicity and the lack of efficacy in advanced stages of the disease have demanded the search for novel bioactive molecules and/or efficient drug delivery systems. The current review aims to discuss the most recent advances on the elucidation of potential targets for melanoma treatment, such as aquaporin-3 and tyrosi

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… . | Polyneuropathy of hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis Visudyne ® (2000) | Verteporfin | PG:DMPC | i.v. | Subfoveal choroidal neovascularization Vixeos TM (2017) | Daunorubicin and cytarabine | DSPC:DSPG:Chol | i.v. | Acute myeloid leukemia Liposomes provide a repertoire of therapeutic …

The Clinical Application of Ozonetherapy

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Tumor Microenvironment Onmyoji: Cytokines with Dual Protumor and Antitumor Roles.

Cytokines are essential components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play crucial roles in tumor initiation and progression. As key mediators of interactions between immune cells and tumor cells within the TME, many cytokines exhibit both protumor and antitumor properties. This complex duality, reminiscent of the balance philosophy pursued by "Onmyoji" in traditional Eastern philosophy, which involves observing and regulating opposing forces to achieve harmony, poses marked challenges in translating cytokine therapies from animal studies to clinical applications. More than 20 key cytokin

Nanoparticle-Mediated Combination Therapy: Two-in-One Approach for Cancer.

Cancer represents a group of heterogeneous diseases characterized by uncontrolledgrowth and spread of abnormal cells, ultimately leading to death. Nanomedicine plays a significantrole in the development of nanodrugs, nanodevices, drug delivery systems and nanocarriers. Someof the major issues in the treatment of cancer are multidrug resistance (MDR), narrow therapeuticwindow and undesired side effects of available anticancer drugs and the limitations of anticancerdrugs. Several nanosystems being utilized for detection, diagnosis and treatment such as theranosticcarriers, liposomes, carbon nano

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… Liposomal-mediated benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid (available as verteporfin) increases the efficacy of photodynamic therapy of pigmented choroidal melanoma in tumor-bearing rabbits [ 52 ]. …

Моделирование и нацеливание враждебной физико-химической ниши в метастазе костей: от экспериментальных платформ до нишевой терапии.

Метастаз рака до костей формируется не только из-за перекрестка опухолей, но и из-за враждебной физико-химической ниши, которая способствует стойкости к болезням и терапевтической недостаточности. Гипоксия, кислотность, минерализированная матричная архитектура, изменённая механика, интерстициальное давление, дисфункция перфузии и ограниченный перенос наркотиков влияют на метастатическое семя, общность, реактивацию, реконструкцию, боль и реакцию на лечение. Обычные two- размерные культуры и многие упрощенные three- размерные системы воспроизводят только отдельные особенности этой среды, часто п

Emerging therapies for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with a focus on cAMP signaling.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), with an estimated genetic prevalence between 1:400 and 1:1,000 individuals, is the third most common cause of end stage kidney disease after diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Over the last 3 decades there has been great progress in understanding its pathogenesis. This allows the stratification of therapeutic targets into four levels, gene mutation and polycystin disruption, proximal mechanisms directly caused by disruption of polycystin function, downstream regulatory and signaling pathways, and non-specific pathophysiologic processes sha

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… Renal tubule-specific YAP gene deletion and pharmacologic YAP inhibition using verteporfin attenuated the cystic disease in Pkd1 knockout mice. Consistent with this observation, the administration of tolvaptan suppresses the excretion of MCP-1 in the urine ( Grantham et al., 2017 ). …