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Investigating the relationship between childhood sexual abuse, self-harm repetition and suicidal intent: mixed-methods study.

BACKGROUND: Research into the association between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and self-harm repetition is limited. AIMS: We aimed to examine the association between self-harm repetition, mental health conditions, suicidal intent and CSA experiences among people who frequently self-harm. METHOD: A mixed-methods study was conducted including consecutive patients aged ≥18 years, with five or more self-harm presentations, in three Irish hospitals. Information was extracted from psychiatric records and patients were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. Data was collected and an

The risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw and adverse outcomes in patients using antiresorptive drugs undergoing orthodontic treatment: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is rare. It is a serious adverse effect of certain drugs, of which bisphosphonates (BPs) are the most widely known. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze all published evidence for the reported adverse outcomes as a result of orthodontic treatment in patients undergoing antiresorptive therapy. DATA: All types of studies involving patients undergoing orthodontic treatment and treated with antiresorptive drugs were considered. A meta-analysis was not conducted due to the high amount of variability and heterogeneity in th

Abdominoperineal Resection with Absorbable Mesh Repair of Perineal Defect for Fournier's Gangrene: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND: Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a rare but deadly form of necrotizing fasciitis involving the genital, perineal, and anorectal region. Risk factors include diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, and alcohol misuse. Because multisystem organ failure can rapidly develop, early diagnosis is critical. Treatment includes fluid resuscitation, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and surgical debridement. Uncommonly, extension of perineal infection into adjacent organs can necessitate multivisceral resection, which can make reconstruction a challenge. Even with swift diagnosis and optimal treatment, mo

Prevalence of bovine leukemia in 1983-2019 in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Bovine leukemia is a chronic, progressive, contagious tumor disease characterized by malignant lymphoid cell hyperplasia and systemic lymphadenopathy, and is caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV). The disease affects almost all countries and regions where livestock are raised, and may even be a potential zoonotic disease. Monitoring and early prevention of bovine leukemia is very important. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis, the first of its type in the country, to estimate the prevalence of bovine leukemia in 1983-2019 in China. We included a total of 35 publications reported in 1983

Altered frontal cortex functioning in emotion regulation and hopelessness in bipolar disorder.

OBJECTIVES: Emotion regulation difficulties precipitate and exacerbate acute mood symptoms in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), and contribute to suicidal behavior. However, few studies have examined regional brain responses in explicit emotion regulation during acute BD mood states, or hopelessness, a major suicide risk factor. We assessed brain responses during explicit emotion regulation, and their relationship with hopelessness, in acutely symptomatic and euthymic individuals with BD. METHODS: Functional MRI data were obtained from individuals with BD who were either in acute negati

Tacrolimus induced pseudogout following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant.

INTRODUCTION: Crystalline arthritis (CA), characterized by acute joint pain and erythema secondary to calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD, or pseudogout) or monosodium urate crystals (gout), is a potentially underreported complication following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (alloHCT). Graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis with calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) causes hypomagnesemia and hyperuricemia, resulting in CA. CA related to tacrolimus has yet to be characterized following alloHCT. CASE REPORT: We retrospectively reviewed records of 450 consecutive patients undergoing alloHCT

Neutropenic Enterocolitis Secondary to Sulfasalazine in a Woman With Psoriatic Arthritis.

Neutropenic enterocolitis (NE) also known as typhlitis is a serious condition that has been described in immunosuppressed hosts including patients with leukemia, HIV and in patients on chemotherapy. We present the first case of female on sulfasalazine for psoriatic arthritis, otherwise healthy, who was diagnosed with NE involving the cecum and rectum. This adds up to the cases of NE diagnosed in nononcologic conditions. A 65-year-old female with a history of psoriatic arthritis on sulfasalazine, presented to the emergency department (ED) after an episode of syncope. She was complaining of a fe

Investigation on the structure and thermoelectric properties of CuxTe binary compounds.

Cu2Te is a superionic conductor that belongs to the Phonon Liquid Electron Crystal class of thermoelectric (TE) materials. Despite the simple chemical formula, the crystal structures and phases in the Cu2Te system have not been understood properly. In this work, we study the structural and TE properties of Cu2Te (CT2), Cu1.6Te (CT1.6) and Cu1.25Te (CT1.25). The samples were synthesized via a solid-state reaction method. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the samples have different crystal structures depending upon the Cu : Te stoichiometry. The elemental compositional analysis sho

Rubella Virus Infection, the Congenital Rubella Syndrome, and the Link to Autism.

Rubella is a systemic virus infection that is usually mild. It can, however, cause severe birth defects known as the congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) when infection occurs early in pregnancy. As many as 8%-13% of children with CRS developed autism during the rubella epidemic of the 1960s compared to the background rate of about 1 new case per 5000 children. Rubella infection and CRS are now rare in the U.S. and in Europe due to widespread vaccination. However, autism rates have risen dramatically in recent decades to about 3% of children today, with many cases appearing after a period of norm

Cardiac function and exercise adaptation in 8 children with LPIN1 mutations.

INTRODUCTION: Lipin-1 deficiency is a major cause of rhabdomyolysis that are precipitated by febrile illness. The prognosis is poor, with one-third of patients dying from cardiac arrest during a crisis episode. Apart from acute rhabdomyolysis, most patients are healthy, showing normal clinical and cardiac ultrasound parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We report cardiac and exercise examinations of 8 children carrying two LPIN1 mutations. The examinations were performed outside of a myolysis episode, but one patient presented with fever during one examination. RESULTS: All but one patient displ

Nucleolin mediated pro-angiogenic role of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A in ischaemic cardiac dysfunction: Post-transcriptional regulation of VEGF-A and MMP-9.

Hydroxysafflor Yellow A (HSYA), a most representative ingredient of Carthamus tinctorius L., had long been used in treating ischaemic cardiovascular diseases in China and exhibited prominently anticoagulant and pro-angiogenic activities, but the underlying mechanisms remained largely unknown. This study aimed to further elucidate the pro-angiogenic effect and mechanism of HSYA on ischaemic cardiac dysfunction. A C57 mouse model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was firstly established, and 25 mg/kg HSYA was intraperitoneally injected immediately after operation and given once, respectively,

Conditions and Factors Associated With Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (from a National Population-Based Cohort Study).

The pathophysiology of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is heterogeneous, associated with systemic arteriopathies and inflammatory diseases, and often compounded by environmental precipitants, genetics, or stressors. However, the frequency of these associated conditions with SCAD on a population level remains unknown. Therefore, the objective of this analysis was to evaluate heterogeneous phenotypes of SCAD in the United States using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample collected from January 1, 2004, to September 31, 2015. Among 66,360 patients diagnosed with SCAD, the mean

Using a dune forest as a filtering ecosystem for water produced by a treatment plant - One decade of environmental assessment.

A dune forest in SW France composed of maritime pines was irrigated with treated wastewater for a decade in an experiment (including irrigated plots versus control plots) to evaluate the environmental impact of applying wastewater on the water table, soil properties, and plants. The amount of treated wastewater (1921 mm yr-1) applied was twice the annual precipitation. Nutrient inputs were also very high, particularly nitrogen (N: 539 kg-N ha-1 yr-1), phosphorus (P: 102 kg-P ha-1 yr-1), and calcium (Ca: 577 kg-Ca ha-1 yr-1). Irrigation caused a rise in the water table, and increased its sodium

Reduced incidence of cardiovascular events in hyper-Lp(a) patients on lipoprotein apheresis. The G.I.L.A. (Gruppo Interdisciplinare Aferesi Lipoproteica) pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Lipoprotein apheresis (LA) is the elective therapy for homozygous and other forms of Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Familial Combined Hypercholesterolemia, resistant/intolerant to lipid lowering drugs, and hyper-lipoproteinemia(a). Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has been classified as the most prevalent genetic risk factor for coronary artery disease and aortic valve stenosis. AIM: Our multicenter retrospective study has the aim to analyze the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events (ACVE) before and during the LA treatment, in subjects with elevated level of Lp(a) (>60 mg/dL) [hyper-L

Spatial population dynamics and temporal analysis of the distribution of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in the city of Clorinda, Formosa, Argentina.

BACKGROUND: Lutzomyia longipalpis, the vector for the causal agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), has extended its distribution in the southern cone in the Americas. The first urban record of Lu. longipalpis in Argentina was from the City of Clorinda in 2004. The aim of this study was to analyse the monthly distribution and abundance of Lu. longipalpis and to evaluate its association with environmental and climatic variables in Clorinda City, Province of Formosa. METHODS: Phlebotominae sampling was performed using CDC light mini-traps that were placed in different sites of the city between J

Mortality and Self-Harm in Association With Clozapine in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated rates of all-cause mortality and self-harm in association with clozapine treatment in individuals with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. METHOD: A population-based cohort of 2,370 individuals with treatment-resistant schizophrenia after Jan. 1, 1996, was followed until death, first episode of self-harm, emigration, or June 1, 2013. Time to all-cause death and time to first episode of self-harm were analyzed in Cox regression models with time-varying treatment, adjusted for clinical and sociodemographic covariates. RESULTS: The rate of all-cause mortality was

Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes and raccoon dogs: an increasing concern for Baltic countries.

BACKGROUND: In Europe, the life-cycle of Echinococcus multilocularis is predominantly sylvatic, involving red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) as the main definitive hosts and rodents such as muskrats and arvicolids as intermediate hosts. The parasite is the etiological agent of human alveolar echinococcosis, a malignant zoonotic disease caused by the accidental ingestion of eggs shed by definitive hosts in their faeces. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of E. multilocularis in red foxes and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and to study the environmental factors favouring t

Clinical profile of kidney involvement preceding diagnosis of multiple myeloma; a single center experience.

Introduction: The kidneys are involved in significant number of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who can present with acute or chronic renal failure, nephritic syndrome, non-nephrotic proteinuria or tubular function defects. Objectives: To assess the clinical profile of kidney involvement preceding diagnosis of multiple myeloma Patients and Methods: Renal involvement in 29 cases with MM admitted over an 18-month period to our tertiary care center was retrospectively examined. Diagnosis of MM was confirmed by two or more of the following four features: lytic bone lesions, serum or urine mono

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… We identified the precipitating factors for AKI. … Common precipitating factor for AKI in MM patients was use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Reversal of renal function was achieved with chemotherapy and high flux hemodialysis with plasmapheresis in few cases. …

The neuropathology of traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury, a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, is divided into three grades of severity: mild, moderate, and severe, based on the Glasgow Coma Scale, the loss of consciousness, and the development of post-traumatic amnesia. Although mild traumatic brain injury, including concussion and subconcussion, is by far the most common, it is also the most difficult to diagnose and the least well understood. Proper recognition, management, and treatment of acute concussion and mild traumatic brain injury are the fundamentals of an emerging clinical discipline. It is also becoming in

Sleep quality and arousal in migraine and tension-type headache: the headache-sleep study.

OBJECTIVES: The present paper summarizes and compares data from our studies on subjective and objective sleep quality and pain thresholds in tension-type headache (TTH), migraine, and controls. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a blinded controlled explorative study, we recorded polysomnography (PSG) and pressure, heat, and cold pain thresholds in 34 controls, 20 TTH, and 53 migraine patients. Sleep quality was assessed by questionnaires, sleep diaries, and PSG. Migraineurs who had their recordings more than 2 days from an attack were classified as interictal while the rest were classified as either p