Результаты поиска

Воздействие дироксимела фумарата на кишечную дисбиоз и автоиммунитет в центральной нервной системе.

Diroximel fumarate (DRF) — утвержденное лечение повторно излучаемого многократного склероза (RRMS). По сравнению с диметилфумаратом (ДМП) он продемонстрировал бо́льшую желудочно-кишечную пригодность. Недавние исследования показывают, что дисбиоз кишечника может способствовать развитию множественных склерозов (МС) и что сокращение кишечного дисбиоза может быть полезным для развития заболеваний. В этом исследовании изучалось воздействие ДРР на дисбиоз кишечника и нейроинфламмацию в экспериментальном аутоиммунном энцефаломиелите (EAE) — животной модели MS. Мы изучили влияние ДРР на выражение α4β1

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Diroximel fumarate (DRF) is an approved treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). It has demonstrated better gastrointest … y investigated the effects of DRF on gut dysbiosis and neuroinflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. We examined the effect of DRF on the expression of α4β1 and α4β7 integrins on CD4 + T cells, which are essential for guiding their migration into the central nervous system (CNS) and the gut, respectively. The expressio …

Синергический потенциал стволовых клеток костного мозга и miR181-a комбинированная терапия против множественных склерозов.

Множественный склероз (MS) — прогрессивное аутоиммунное заболевание, характеризующееся массовой воспламенительной инфильтрацией, демиелинацией и последующими повреждениями аксона и нейронными повреждениями в центральной нервной системе (КНС). Этиология MS остается неясной, и пока еще нет окончательного графика лечения этого заболевания. Месенхимальные стволовые клетки костного мозга (МСЦ), демонстрирующие функции нейроиммунной модуляции в целях смягчения различных аутоиммунных заболеваний, демонстрируют большой потенциал в лечении MS. Вместе с тем нестабильность иммуноусилительного воздействия

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive autoimmune disease characterized by massive inflammatory infiltration, demyelination, a … kaging system. With this strategy, on the basis of the establishment of the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, miR181-a overexpressing BMSCs (miR181a-BMSCs) would have a stronger immuno-modulatory treatment benefit, in terms of attenuating MS development. RESULTS: Indicate that this method prolongs the modulatory effects of BMSCs and resulted i …

A systematic review of quantitative EEG findings in Fibromyalgia, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Long COVID.

Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS), Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long COVID (LC) are similar multisymptom clinical syndromes but with difference in dominant symptoms in each individual. There is existing and emerging literature on possible functional alterations of the central nervous system in these conditions. This review aims to synthesise and appraise the literature on resting-state quantitative EEG (qEEG) in FMS, ME/CFS and LC, drawing on previous research on FMS and ME/CFS to help understand neuropathophysiology of the new condition LC. A systematic search of …

Clinical characteristics of pediatric and adult myelin oligodendrocyte antibody-associated disease (MOGAD): A single-center study in the Northeast.

BACKGROUND: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an immune-mediated, inflammatory, demyelinating disorder with a range of clinical presentations including acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), optic neuritis (ON), myelitis, and cerebral cortical encephalitis. Phenotypic expression of MOGAD varies with age. MOG antibody (MOG-Ab) titers at disease onset, as well as longitudinally, may predict clinical disease course. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe a cohort of pediatric and adult patients with MOGAD at a single center and (2) investi…

Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis in a Patient With Hepatitis B.

Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE), also known as Weston-Hurst syndrome or Hurst disease, is a rare and rapidly progressive form of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. It is characterized by severe inflammation, hemorrhage, and necrosis within the white matter of the brain. AHLE often follows an upper respiratory infection or other systemic illnesses, suggesting a potential post-infectious autoimmune mechanism. The disease is associated with a high mortality rate and significant disability among survivors. We present the case of a 46-year-old Indian woman with a history of chronic he…

Colocalization of hedgehog arterivirus 1 (HhAV-1) and histologic lesions in the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) with neurological disease.

The European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) is a protected species of conservation concern in the UK. In recent years, there have been multi … ith viral RNA detected in multiple organs, likely due to endotheliotropism and viremia. In the CNS, encephalomyelitis was mild whilst viral RNA was abundant and widely distributed, particularly in the microglial population and localized to areas with glial nodules. Splenic lymphoid depletion was generally mild but was moderate to severe in 2 septicemic animals. Bra …

IL-21 is required for the maintenance and pathogenesis of murine Vγ4+ IL-17-producing γδT cells.

Murine IL-17-producing γδT (γδT17) cells are divided into two subsets: natural γδT17 (nγδT17) cells, whose development is restricted to the … equent infiltration of Th17 cells into the spinal cord, and exacerbation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Collectively, IL-21 plays a vital role in the maintenance and pathogenesis of Vγ4+γδT17 cells.

Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) infection in dairy cattle in southern and central Ethiopia.

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) is an important pathogen of cattle with a worldwide distribution. It occurs as a subclinical, mild or severe disease. The clinical signs may vary widely with respiratory, genital, ocular and encephalomyelitis form. This cross-sectional study was carried out between May 2019 and March 2020 with the aim to estimate the seroprevalence of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) and to identify related potential risk factors in dairy cattle in central and southern Ethiopia. A total of 954 serum samples were obtained from randomly selected dairy cattle in 98 herds. The samples were…

A systematic review to identify novel clinical characteristics of monkeypox virus infection and therapeutic and preventive strategies to combat the virus.

Since May 2022, there has been a global increase in the number of Mpox virus (MPXV) cases in countries that were previously considered non-e … llness. In addition, fully asymptomatic cases were documented, and various complications, including encephalomyelitis and angina, were noted. Clinicians must be familiar with these novel clinical characteristics, as they can aid in testing and tracing such patients, as well as asymptomatic high-risk populations such as heterosexuals and MSM. In addition to supporti …

Dyspnea in Post-COVID Syndrome following Mild Acute COVID-19 Infections: Potential Causes and Consequences for a Therapeutic Approach.

Dyspnea, shortness of breath, and chest pain are frequent symptoms of post-COVID syndrome (PCS). These symptoms are unrelated to organ damage in most patients after mild acute COVID infection. Hyperventilation has been identified as a cause of exercise-induced dyspnea in PCS. Since there is a broad overlap in symptomatology with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), causes for dyspnea and potential consequences can be deduced by a stringent application of assumptions made for ME/CFS in our recent review papers. One of the first stimuli of respiration in exercise is cause…

Melatonin ameliorates disease severity in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis by modulating the kynurenine pathway.

Melatonin (MT), a neurohormone with immunomodulatory properties, is one of the metabolites produced in the brain from tryptophan (TRP) that has already strong links with the neuropathogenesis of Multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the exact molecular mechanisms behind that are not fully understood. There is some evidence showing that MS and MT are interconnected via different pathways: Relapses of MS has a direct correlation with a low level of MT secretion and a growing body of evidence suggest that MT be therapeutic in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE, a recognise animal model of…

Update on pathology of central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is by far the most common central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disease (CNS-IDD). It is diagnosed accor … chronic multiple sclerosis. Also, we define differences in the pathology of MS, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), aquaporin 4-IgG positive (AQP4-IgG+) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOsd), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). Detailed description of the particular CNS-IDD pathology is crucial on an indiv …

Sex-specific remodeling of T-cell compartment with aging: Implications for rat susceptibility to central nervous system autoimmune diseases.

The incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) and susceptibility of animals to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the most commonly used experimental model of MS, decrease with aging. Generally, autoimmune diseases develop as the ultimate outcome of an imbalance between damaging immune responses against self and regulatory immune responses (keeping the former under control). Thus, in this review the age-related changes possibly underlying this balance were discussed. Specifically, considering the central role of T cells in MS/EAE, the impact of aging on overall functional capacity (re…

Appearance of claudin-5+ leukocyte subtypes in the blood and CNS during progression of EAE.

BACKGROUND: Tight junctions (TJs) are membrane specializations characteristic of barrier-forming membranes, which function to seal the aqueous pathway between endothelial cells or epithelial cells and, thereby, obstruct intercellular solute and cellular movement. However, previous work from our laboratory found that claudin-5 (CLN-5), a TJ protein prominent at the blood-brain barrier (BBB), was also detected, ectopically, on leukocytes (CLN-5+) in the blood and central nervous system (CNS) of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a neuroinflammatory, demyelinating disease …

Mice Heterozygous for the Sodium Channel Scn8a (Nav1.6) Have Reduced Inflammatory Responses During EAE and Following LPS Challenge.

Voltage gated sodium (Nav) channels contribute to axonal damage following demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a rodent model of multiple sclerosis (MS). The Nav1.6 isoform has been implicated as a primary contributor in this process. However, the role of Nav1.6 in immune processes, critical to the pathology of both MS and EAE, has not been extensively studied. EAE was induced with myelin oligodendrocyte (MOG35-55) peptide in Scn8admu/+ mice, which have reduced Nav1.6 levels. Scn8admu/+ mice demonstrated improved motor capacity during the recovery and early chronic…

Association between Optic Neuritis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Study.

Extraintestinal manifestations are common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and optic neuritis (ON) is a rare but severe on … etween 30 and 39 years, with comorbidities including neuromyelitis optica (NMO), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and with a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, had a significantly higher risk of developing ON (all p < 0.005). Among the eight IBD patients who developed ON, only one patient was diagnosed with Crohn's dis …

Histopathological, Immunohistochemical and In-Situ Hybridization Findings in Suckling Rats Experimentally Infected With Akabane Genogroups Ⅰ and Ⅱ, Aino and Peaton Viruses.

Akabane, Aino and Peaton viruses are closely related arthropod-borne viruses in the genus Orthobunyavirus of the family Peribunyaviridae that can cause congenital abnormalities in cattle, sheep and goats. East Asian Akabane virus strains are subdivided into genogroups Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and the former can also cause non-suppurative encephalomyelitis in post-natal animals. Specific detection of the infecting virus in tissues is essential for accurate diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been used to identify viral antigen but cannot always detect specific viruses due to potential cross-reactivity of…

The proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the spleen is related to the severity of the clinical course and tissue damage extent in a murine model of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the second cause of paraplegia among young adults, after all types of CNS traumatic lesions. In its most frequent relapsing-remitting form, the severity of the disease course is very heterogeneous, and its reliable evaluation remains a key issue for clinicians. Myeloid-Derived sSuppressor Cells (MDSCs) are immature myeloid cells that suppress the inflammatory response, a phenomenon related to the resolution or recovery of the clinical symptoms associated with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the most common model for MS. Here, we establish the severit…

Glycine Receptor Autoantibodies Impair Receptor Function and Induce Motor Dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE: Impairment of glycinergic neurotransmission leads to complex movement and behavioral disorders. Patients harboring glycine receptor autoantibodies suffer from stiff-person syndrome or its severe variant progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus. Enhanced receptor internalization was proposed as the common molecular mechanism upon autoantibody binding. Although functional impairment of glycine receptors following autoantibody binding has recently been investigated, it is still incompletely understood. METHODS: A cell-based assay was used for positive sample evaluatio…

Clinical Spectrum of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-Immunoglobulin G-Associated Disease in Korean Children.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody is detected at a high rate in childhood acquired demyelinatin … 6 ADS patients and 2 encephalitis patients, comprising 23 males and 25 females). Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) (35.4%) was the most-common diagnosis, followed by the unclassified form (17.4%), isolated optic neuritis (ON) (15.2%), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (13.0%), multiple sclerosis (MS) (10.8%), other clinically isolated syndromes [mono …