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Update on Occupational Cancer for Better Cancer Prevention and Control.

Occupational cancer remains an ongoing and emerging issue in cancer prevention and control and is more easily preventable in practice than other causes. As of 2024, changes in various aspects, such as methods for estimating the burden of cancer, evidence on novel carcinogens and classification systems, modernization of working conditions, job characteristics, occupational exposure, and societal changes have played a significant role. Furthermore, advances in technology, including wearable devices, exposome, and biomedical technology, offer more precise methods for identifying the associations

Quantitative Imaging and Radiomics in Multiple Myeloma: A Potential Opportunity?

Multiple Myeloma (MM) is the second most common type of hematological disease and, although it is rare among patients under 40 years of age, its incidence rises in elderly subjects. MM manifestations are usually identified through hyperCalcemia, Renal failure, Anaemia, and lytic Bone lesions (CRAB). In particular, the extent of the bone disease is negatively related to a decreased quality of life in patients and, in general, bone disease in MM increases both morbidity and mortality. The detection of lytic bone lesions on imaging, especially computerized tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance I

The beginning of a new therapeutic era in acute myeloid leukemia.

In the field of AML, the early 2000s were shaped by the advent of novel molecular biology technologies including high-throughput sequencing that improved prognostic classification, response evaluation through the quantification of minimal residual disease, and the launch of research on targeted therapies. Our knowledge of leukemogenesis, AML genetic diversity, gene-gene interactions, clonal evolution, and treatment response assessment has also greatly improved. New classifications based on chromosomal abnormalities and gene mutations are now integrated on a routine basis. These considerable ef

Indian Expert Opinion on Cancer Care during COVID-19 Pandemic.

Coronavirus pandemic has increased human disease burden, as well as economic distress globally. Being in an immunocompromised state, patients with cancer comprise an important at-risk population for novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. It is necessary to modify individualized clinical management for every cancer patient in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Simultaneously, additional safety precautions for the cancer care providers are mandatory. This review will provide general recommendations in the Indian context optimizing the same.

Knowledge of Dental Students and Practitioners About Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in the Central Region of Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are often used in treating benign and malignant disorders. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a significant problem that arises from the long-term use of BPs. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we assessed the knowledge of students and dentists about MRONJ in the central region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect information from dental students and practitioners from the central region of Saudi Arabia. A valid, reliable, and structured questionnaire was used to gather data using a non-probability convenient

Feasibility of decentralized real-world monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccines and COVID-19 outcomes in myeloma.

AbstractPatients with multiple myeloma have an elevated risk of severe complications from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19) infection. To demonstrate proof of concept for a pandemic preparedness and response network, the American Society of Hematology Research Collaborative Multiple Myeloma Program developed a prospective, decentralized study within a site-based provider network. In the COVID-19 outcomes in myeloma and the impact of vaccines (COSMIC) study, patients provided consent, permitted electronic health record data collection, completed patient-repo

The efficacy of new drug regimens in treating newly diagnosed high-risk cytogenetic multiple myeloma patients: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

IntroductionMultiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy comprising 10% of hematologic cancers, associated with bone marrow dysfunction and organ damage. High-risk cytogenetic MM patients, identified by specific genetic abnormalities, face poor outcomes despite recent advancements. Traditional treatments often prove inadequate, necessitating novel regimens. This review assesses the efficacy of emerging therapies-next-generation proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and CD38-targeting agents-aimed at improving outcomes for this patient subset.MethodsA systematic review and meta-an

Proceedings to the 2020 Online Conference of the Particle Therapy Cooperative Group (PTCOG2020Online): 13-14 September 2020Organized by the Particle Therapy Cooperative Group (PTCOG), this special online meeting featured abstracts and programs that enabled the communication and cross fertilization for which PTCOG meetings are known.

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Targeting Notch-1 positive acute leukemia cells by novel fucose-bound liposomes carrying daunorubicin.

Complete remission by induction therapy in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) can be achieved due to improvements in supportive and optimized therapy. However, more than 20% of patients will still need to undergo salvage therapy, and most will have a poor prognosis. Determining the specificity of drugs to leukemia cells is important since this will maximize the dose of chemotherapeutic agents that can be administered to AML patients. In turn, this would be expected to lead to reduced drug toxicity and its increased efficacy. We targeted Notch-1 positive AML cells utilizing fucose-bound liposomes

Elotuzumab monotherapy in patients with smouldering multiple myeloma: a phase 2 study.

Smouldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is associated with increased risk of progression to multiple myeloma within 2 years, with no approved treatments. Elotuzumab has been shown to promote natural killer (NK) cell stimulation and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vitro. CD56dim (CD56dim /CD16+ /CD3- /CD45+ ) NK cells represent the primary subset responsible for elotuzumab-induced ADCC. In this phase II, non-randomized study (NCT01441973), patients with SMM received elotuzumab 20 mg/kg intravenously (cycle 1: days 1, 8; monthly thereafter) or 10 mg/kg (cycles 1, 2: weekly; every 2

Risk factors associated with bone cement leakage following percutaneous kyphoplasty: a retrospective analysis.

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) is a minimally invasive procedure in which bone cement is injected into a damaged vertebral body to rapidly alleviate pain and stabilize the spine. The most common complication associated with this procedure is bone cement leakage. Following leakage, compression can occur, potentially leading to severe clinical consequences such as paraplegia, spinal cord compression, cement pulmonary embolism, and even death. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for bone cement leakage in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) follow

Nitrogen containing bisphosphonates associated osteonecrosis of the jaws: A review for past 10 year literature.

Nitrogen containing bisphosphonate (N-BP) therapy is used extensively to treat osteoporosis and osteolytic bone lesions. Recently, a special form of osteonecrosis limited to the maxillofacial skeleton has been discovered especially within those patients who are receiving either long-term N-BP therapy alone and/or associated with invasive dental procedure. Bisphosphonates accumulate almost exclusively in maxillofacial skeleton owing to high bone turn over remodeling to maintain the mechanical competence. The pathogenesis and why it commonly appears in maxillofacial skeleton and the fixed treatm

Cost-Minimization Analysis for Subcutaneous Daratumumab in the Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma in Three Gulf Countries.

Background: The second most common hematologic cancer worldwide is multiple myeloma (MM), with incidence and mortality rates that have more than doubled over the past 30 years. The safety and efficacy of daratumumab regimens in the treatment of newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) is demonstrated in clinical trials. Objective: To assess the financial effects of the adoption of subcutaneous daratumumab (dara-SC) rather than intravenous daratumumab (dara-IV) for the treatment of NDMM in three Gulf countries (Qatar, Oman and the United Arab Emirates; UAE), a cost-minimization model was constructed. Methods:

Cemented-augmented fixation of metastatic humeral lesions without segmental bone loss results in reliable outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Treatment of metastatic lesions to the humerus is dependent on patient's pain, lesion size and location, and post-operative functional goals. Surgical options include plate or nail fixation [open reduction internal fixation (ORIF)], or endoprosthetic replacement (EPR), with cement augmentation. The objective of this study was to perform a single institution retrospective analysis of outcomes by method of reconstruction, tumor volume, and pathologic diagnosis. METHODS: The records of 229 consecutive patients treated surgically for appendicular metastatic disease from 2005-2018 at o

Yoga improves self-reported cognitive function among cancer survivors: results from the STAYFit trial.

IntroductionVarious physical activity-based interventions have been tested to determine their efficacy in improving cancer related cognitive decline (CRCD), however the role of mind-body practices such as yoga remains to be explored. In this manuscript we present preliminary effects of yoga vs. aerobic and stretching-toning modalities of exercise on CRCD among adult cancer survivors.MethodsParticipants (N = 78) were randomized to one of the three exercise groups for a duration of 12-weeks and engaged in ≥150 min per week of supervised group exercises. At baseline and following the 12-week inte

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… Studies have also tried to determine the minimal clinically important difference for the scale which range from 6.9 to 10.6 points (Cheung et al., 2014 ). Data analysis We used descriptive statistics to summarize the data by group and across the two timepoints. … Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for the functional assessment of cancer therapy: cognitive function (FACT-Cog) in breast cancer patients . J. Clin. Epidemiol . 67 , 811 – 820 . 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.12.011 24656406 Chiesa A. Calati R. Serretti A. ( 2011 ). …

Targeting large middle molecules: Clinical implications of expanded hemodialysis in hemodialysis care.

End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) presents a major clinical burden, with maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients facing high cardiovascular mortality and impaired quality of life (QoL). Despite advances from low-flux to high-flux HD and the introduction of hemodiafiltration (HDF), clearance of large middle molecules (LMMs >25 kDa) remains inadequate. These molecules contribute to inflammation, oxidative stress, atherogenesis, and mineral-bone disorders, all of which worsen patient outcomes. Expanded hemodialysis (HDx), utilizing medium cutoff membranes, represents a novel approach that combines d

Инновационные минимально инвазивные имплантаты для остеопороза позвоночных переломов.

С ростом старения населения все более распространенными становятся остеопорозные переломы позвоночных (ОВК), приводящие к сильной боли в спине и функциональным расстройствам. Перкутанная вертебропластика (ПВП) и перкутановая кипопластика (ПКП), поскольку минимально инвазивные процедуры привели к революции методов обработки ВОВК. Однако связанные с ПВП и ПКП осложнения, такие, как симптоматическая утечка цемента и прилегающие позвоночные переломы, по-прежнему страдают от врачей. В связи с этим в последнее время в целях устранения недостатков традиционных процедур было разработано все больше имп

Radiotherapy in COVID-19 patient affected by multiple myeloma: a case report.

In COVID-19 pandemic, cancer patients may be vulnerable for their immunological status and need of immunosuppressive anti-neoplastic treatments. Choosing the best treatment option in COVID-19 positive cancer patients is still a challenging issue. We report the case of a 62-year-old woman diagnosed with multiple myeloma and affected by COVID-19. After the diagnosis of multiple myeloma in January 2019, the patient underwent first line therapy followed by bone marrow autologous stem cell transplantation, achieving a complete response in September 2019. In March 2020, the patient showed intrathora

Nuances in the treatment of malignant tumors of the clival and petroclival region.

Introduction Malignancies of the clivus and petroclival region are mainly chordomas and chondrosarcomas. Although a spectrum of malignancies may present in this area, a finite group of commonly encountered malignant pathologies will be the focus of this review, as they are recognized to be formidable pathologies due to adjacent critical neurovascular structures and challenging surgical approaches. Objectives The objective is to review the literature regarding medical and surgical management of malignant tumors of the clival and petroclival region with a focus on clinical presentation, diagnost

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for physical function maintenance during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Study protocol.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a common life-saving treatment for hematologic malignancies, though can lead to long-term functional impairment, fatigue, muscle atrophy, with decreased quality of life. Although traditional exercise has helped reduce these effects, it is inconsistently recommended and infrequently maintained, and most patients remain sedentary during and after treatment. There is need for alternative rehabilitation strategies, like neuromuscular electrical stimulation, that may be more amenable to the capabilities of hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Pat

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… As the minimal clinically important difference for the 6MWT is 30.5m [ 26 ], a clinically meaningful impact of NMES on physical function would be indicated by a decrease in <30.5m for the NMES group or a mean increase of >30.5m for the sham group. … Minimal clinically important difference for change in 6-minute walk test distance of adults with pathology: a systematic review . J Eval Clin Pract . 2017 ; 23 ( 2 ): 377 – 81 . doi: 10.1111/jep.12629 27592691 27 Purcell A , Fleming J , Bennett S , McGuane K , Burmeister B , Haines T . …