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The Role of Frailty in Cardio-oncology and its Challenges.

Frailty has received increasing scientific attention as a potential explanation for adverse health outcomes among older adults. In cardio-oncology, frailty is particularly relevant due to the dual burden of cardiovascular disease and cancer, both of which accelerate the general decline in health associated with ageing. Therefore, understanding and addressing frailty in cardio-oncology has paramount importance for optimising patient outcomes, personalising treatment plans, and improving quality of life. In this review, we aim to discuss: the pathophysiology of frailty in the context of cardio-o

Роль фитохимикатов в борьбе с нейропотической болью: сколько успехов мы добились?

Нетрофическая боль — это сложное и изнурительное состояние, вызванное повреждением нерва, которое характеризуется такими ощущениями, как горение, покалывание и стрельба. Она часто связана с такими условиями, как множественный склероз (MS), синдром Гильен-Барре (GBS) и диабетическая полиномропата. Лечение обычной боли часто обеспечивает ограниченное облегчение и сопровождается существенными побочными эффектами, подчеркивая необходимость изучения альтернативных вариантов лечения. Фитохимические вещества, являющиеся биоактивными соединениями, полученными от растений, привлекли внимание к их потен

BCMA/CD19 CAR T cell therapy for refractory myasthenia gravis: Proteomic signatures and single-cell transcriptomics of disease flares.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by B cell dysfunction. Here, we designed B cell maturation antigen (BCMA)/CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T cell) therapy for six refractory MGs, demonstrating favorable safety with grade 1 cytokine release syndrome observed. CAR T cell expansion induced profound B cell depletion, a sustained reduction in acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody titers, and symptom improvement. Five patients achieved drug-free remission with minimal manifestations by month 6, persisting through the 12-month follow-up despite B cell reconst

Медленно расширяющиеся лизы при множественном склерозе: систематический обзор и мета-анализ.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Медленно расширяющиеся повреждения (SELs) были введены в качестве радиологического индикатора хронического активного обезвоживания и воспаления воспаления. Эти повреждения признаются в качестве показателей ухудшения состояния инвалидности и атрофии мозга у людей с множественным склерозом (PwMS). Мы намеревались представить обзор имеющихся данных о распространенности и клинической значимости SEL в PwMS. МЕТОДЫ: Пубмед, Эмбаза, Скопус и Веб-сайт науки систематически подвергались обыску 25 Май 2025, с целью выявления исследований, посвященных оценке СЭЛ в ПВМС. Риск отклоне

Структурное и механистическое профилирование модулятуры Hurr1 vidofludimus позволяет проектировать лиганд на основе структуры.

В центре биомедицинских исследований находится фактор нейрозащиты, связанный с ядерным рецептором 1 (Nurr1, NR4A2) для его многообещающей нейрозащитной роли в болезни Паркинсона, болезни Альцгеймера и множественном склерозе. Его деятельность может контролироваться лигандами, предлагающими доступ к фармакологической модуляции Hurr1. Вместе с тем связующие эпитопы и механизмы молекулярной активации синтетических активаторов Hurr1 по-прежнему остаются труднодостижимыми, но имеют важное значение для продвижения к новым лекарствам лигандов Hurr1. Здесь мы охарактеризовали диссоциацию Hurr1 димера и

A Novel Approach to Prognostic Factors and Risk Stratification in Pediatric AML: Case Report and Literature Review.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the second most common type of leukemia in children, is a heterogeneous disease known to be caused by genetic, epigenetic, and transcriptional changes, predominantly somatic and germline abnormalities. Despite significant improvement of overall survival rates, the prognosis of pediatric AML remains unfavorable in comparison with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), especially in relapsed or refractory settings. The current status and future directions are focused on establishing an accurate diagnosis and treatment strategies based on the genomic background. Next-ge

Precision immunotherapy with CAR-T cells in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: advances and unanswered challenges.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a groundbreaking treatment for pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), especially for patients with relapsed or refractory disease. CD19-targeted CAR T cells, such as tisagenlecleucel, have demonstrated high rates of complete remission and long-lasting responses in clinical trials. However, challenges such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), antigen escape, and T-cell exhaustion hinder its broader clinical application. Recent advances aim to overcome thes

Изучение причинно-следственных связей между аутоиммунными заболеваниями и потерей слуха: исследование менделианической случайности.

ЦЕЛЬ: причинно-следственная связь между аутоиммунными заболеваниями (АБ) и потерей слуха (ВЛ) остается неясной. В этом исследовании изучается вопрос о том, способствуют ли генетические предрасположения, связанные с АД, риску ВЛ. МЕТОДЫ: В целях изучения причинно-следственных последствий применения АД для здоровья человека был проведен анализ менделийской практики рандомизации (МВ). В качестве важных переменных для AD использовались SNP, полученные в рамках исследований по изучению геномной ассоциации (GWAS), включая Rheumatoid Artritis (RA), Type 1 Диабет (T1D), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (S

Tumor-educated leukocytes mRNA as a diagnostic biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer.

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic role of tumor-educated leukocytes (TELs) mRNA in Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsThe TELs collected underwent total RNA isolation. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology was used to analyze the transcriptome of the TELs. The mRNA expression levels of differential genes were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Statistical analyses were performed using Prism and SPSS by Mann-Whitney nonparametric test, Kruskal-Wallis test and one-way ANOVA.ResultsWe used RNA-seq technology to screen 95 differential genes (DEGs)

Overcoming Drug Resistance in Advanced Prostate Cancer by Drug Repurposing.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men. Common treatments include active surveillance, surgery, or radiation. Androgen deprivation therapy and chemotherapy are usually reserved for advanced disease or biochemical recurrence, such as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), but they are not considered curative because PCa cells eventually develop drug resistance. The latter is achieved through various cellular mechanisms that ultimately circumvent the pharmaceutical's mode of action. The need for novel therapeutic approaches is necessary under these circumstances. An

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… It also inhibits cancer cell growth via impairing PKC-p38-DRP1 axis-dependent mitochondrial dynamics or downregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling [ 189 ]. …

45th International Symposium on Intensive Care & Emergency Medicine.

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Checking NEKs: Overcoming a Bottleneck in Human Diseases.

In previous years, several kinases, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), have been linked to important human diseases, although some kinase families remain neglected in terms of research, hiding their relevance to therapeutic approaches. Here, a review regarding the NEK family is presented, shedding light on important information related to NEKs and human diseases. NEKs are a large group of homologous kinases with related functions and structures that participate in several cellular processes such as th

Неврологические расстройства и атрофия серой материи мозга в первичном прогрессивном множественном склерозе определяются микроструктурными изменениями, но не нагрузкой на повреждение.

ИСТОРИЯ ВОПРОСА: Обычные МРТ, такие, как количество и объем повреждений MS, являются гистологически неконкретными и не могут в достаточной степени объяснить клиническую инвалидность или атрофию головного мозга в MS. Тем не менее в демиелионирующих досках проявляются различные гистопатологические особенности в подтипах релапсирующих и прогрессивных множественных склерозов (MS). Цель этого исследования заключалась в оценке микроструктурных характеристик MS-повреждений с использованием количественных МРТ и изучении их связей с атрофией серой материи (GM) и клинической инвалидностью.МЕТОДЫ: 56 кон

Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) Patients Exhibit Diminished Proteasome Proteolytic Activity and High Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Levels.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) constitute a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and an elevated risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Available disease-modifying treatment approaches are limited. The ineffectiveness of proteasome inhibitors (PIs) in MDS patients is currently investigated, although it is unclear whether they rapidly develop resistance to PIs or whether proteasome proteolytic activity (PPA) is constitutively lower in the hematopoietic cells of these patients, thus limiting treatment effecti

Nanomedicine Meets Immunotherapy: Advancing Adoptive Cell Therapy with Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Cancer with Sustainability Perspectives.

Immunotherapy has achieved remarkable clinical success in certain cancers, particularly through adoptive cell therapy (ACT), where T cell engineering with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) has driven major clinical breakthroughs in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. However, efficacy against solid tumors remains limited due to multiple barriers, including the scarcity of tumor-specific antigens, antigen heterogeneity, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and physical obstruction of T cell infiltration by dense extracellular matrix. Nanoparticle (NP)-based approaches can overcome the

Phytochemical-Based Nanomedicine for Advanced Cancer Theranostics: Perspectives on Clinical Trials to Clinical Use.

In the current chapter, a new strategic compilation of phytochemicals with potent antitumor properties has been addressed, most importantly focusing on cell cycle arrest and apoptotic signaling mechanism. A promising approach in tumor prevention is to eliminate cancer cells preferably via cell cycle arrest and programmed cell death with lesser harm to neighboring normal cells. Cancer cells have a survival advantage to escape apoptosis and relentlessly divide to proliferate, gearing up the cell cycle process. Recently, the use of phytochemical-derived conjugated chemotherapeutic agents has incr

Anti-cancer mechanisms of action of therapeutic alternating electric fields (tumor treating fields [TTFields]).

Despite improved survival outcomes across many cancer types, the prognosis remains grim for certain solid organ cancers including glioblastoma and pancreatic cancer. Invariably in these cancers, the control achieved by time-limited interventions such as traditional surgical resection, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy is short-lived. A new form of anti-cancer therapy called therapeutic alternating electric fields (AEFs) or tumor treating fields (TTFields) has been shown, either by itself or in combination with chemotherapy, to have anti-cancer effects that translate to improved survival outc

Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals CXCL10-driven inflammation and TREM2 + macrophage-plasma cell survival niche as hallmarks of late-stage rheumatoid arthritis.

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by persistent synovial inflammation, yet the molecular mechanisms distinguishing early from late-stage disease remain incompletely elucidated. Identifying stage-specific biomarkers and pathogenic cellular interactions is crucial for precision medicine. OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively characterize the transcriptomic landscape and cellular composition of early versus late RA synovium, identify diagnostic biomarkers, and elucidate key pathogenic cell–cell interactions driving disease chronicity. METHODS: Synovial tissues from 51 RA patients (13

Myokines in cancer: bridging molecular mechanisms to biomarker discovery and therapeutic innovation.

Exercise can regulate the physiological functions of the body by inducing the secretion of myokines, which are bioactive factors mainly secreted by muscle cells. This review classifies myokines based on their functional characteristics, including metabolic regulation (such as myostatin, interleukin-6), neuroregulation (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), cell proliferation/differentiation regulation (myogenic proteins), immune regulation (tumor necrosis factor- alpha), and factors involved in angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling (such as connective tissue growth factor).Cancer, as

Oxygen targets in critically ill patients: from pathophysiology to population enrichment strategies.

Oxygen supplementation is widely used to enhance oxygen delivery and to treat or prevent hypoxia; however, it requires careful management to avoid the harmful effects of excessive oxygen exposure. Both hyperoxia (inspiratory oxygen fraction exceeding 0.21) and hyperoxemia (arterial oxygen tension oxygen partial pressure [PaO2] > 100 mmHg) can contribute to lung injury, promote systemic vasoconstriction, and increase the production of reactive oxygen species, which can impair macromolecular and cellular functions. Conversely, in certain situations, hyperoxemia may provide benefits, such as hemo