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Clinical applications of Bioactive glass S53P4 in bone infections: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: Treatment of osteomyelitis, in of itself, is challenging but is further complicated by attendant bone infections. The management of bone infection, and bone rebuilding may be assisted by the use of bioactive glasses (BAGs) which have antimicrobial and osteo-stimulative proprieties. However, this clinical application and potential complications associated with BAGs (e.g., BAG S53P4), are poorly defined. The aim of this study is to review the results of clinical research using BAG S53P4 in the treatment of human bone infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This review was conducted in acc…

Histopathological changes in major amputations due to diabetic foot - a review.

Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of non-traumatic amputations worldwide. Ulcer of the diabetic foot is one of the most prevalent lesio … so produces microvascular lesions, which in time leads to diseases like retinopathy or nephropathy. Osteomyelitis is very common in the diabetic foot infections and the medical treatments are not satisfying. It is also believed to be a consequence of peripheral neuropathy that diabetes comes with. Osteomyelitis plays an important role in the prevalence of amput …

[Pathophysiology of aseptic femoral head necrosis: Pathogenesis and histopathological differential diagnosis].

BACKGROUND: Aseptic osteonecrosis is characterized by a complete death of the tissue (necrosis), more specifically, an ischemic necrosis of the lamellar bone tissue. The denotation aseptic refers to causal pathogenesis; therefore, it is not a matter of an infectious, septic-induced bone necrosis as in the case of acute infectious osteomyelitis. Formal pathogenesis leads to either (1) a hypoperfusion of the lamellar bone in the sense of an ischemic necrosis or (2) to directly induced damage of osteocytes and osteoblasts, which causes aseptic osteonecrosis. CAUSE: The causes of hypoperfusion/is…

Viability of permanent PMMA spacer with combined free fasciocutaneous tissue transfer for failed charcot reconstruction: A 38 month prospective case report.

INTRODUCTION: Charcot Neuroarthropathy is a complex lower extremity pathology which predisposes the afflicted limb to ulcerations, osteomyelitis, and risk of major amputation. Charcot Neuroarthropathy often requires osseous reconstruction, which can be complicated with osteomyelitis and hardware infection. When soft tissue and osseous deficits must be concomitantly addressed, the use of PMMA spacers can be combined with free tissue transfers. PRESENTATION OF CASE: 71year old Caucasian male with Diabetic Charcot Neuroarthopathy underwent osseous reconstruction with internal hardware. The surgi…

Epidural abscess and cauda equina syndrome after percutaneous intradiscal therapy in degenerative lumbar disc disease.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Percutaneous intradiscal therapies are gaining popularity as a regenerative treatment option for spinal disc degeneratio … ome, fever, and back pain. Magnetic resonance imaging diagnosed L3-L4 disc extrusion, discitis with osteomyelitis, and epidural abscess, resulting in emergency decompressive surgery. An epidural abscess was drained, extruded disc material was removed, and cultures obtained. Five days later, once afebrile on antibiotics, he underwent a definitive interbody arthr …

The use of external fixation for the treatment of spine infection with Actinomyces bacillus.

OBJECTIVE: External fixation can be used for stabilization of the spine in salvage cases, especially in cases of infection of the spine. The advantages of this method are avoiding the needs for internal fixation devices and for postoperative bracing. The literature on this is scant. Reported is a rare case of osteomyelitis of the D2 vertebra with an epidural abscess caused by Actinomyces israelii that spread from the lung and was treated by decompression and external fixation. METHODS: A 51-year-old man with right upper lobe pneumonia due to A. israelii coccobacillus developed osteomyelitis o…

Osteoradionecrosis of the cervical spine resulting from radiotherapy for primary head and neck malignancies: operative and nonoperative management. Case report.

Osteoradionecrosis is a process of dysvascular bone necrosis and fibrous replacement following exposure to high doses of radiation. The poorly vascularized necrotic tissue may cause pain and/or instability, and it cannot resist infection well, which may result in secondary osteomyelitis. When these processes affect the cervical spine, the resulting instability and neurological deficits can be devastating, and immediate reestablishment of spinal stability is paramount. Reconstruction of the cervical spine can be particularly challenging in this subgroup of patients in whom the spine is poorly v…

Carrier systems for the local delivery of antibiotics in bone infections.

Carriers used for the local delivery of antibacterial agents may be classified as nonbiodegradable or biodegradable. A major representative … ding those of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for the most common pathogens of chronic osteomyelitis without releasing any antibiotic in the systemic circulation and without producing adverse effects. The major disadvantage of the PMMA beads is the need for their surgical removal at the completion of antibiotic release, which usually takes place 4 …

[Infection and sickle cell anemia].

Sickle cell disease is associated with frequent and often severe infections as a result of immune function impairment and functional aspleni … yndrome is both a difficult differential diagnosis and a common concomitant of bacterial pneumonia. Osteomyelitis is generally due to a salmonella, most often S. enteritidis; multiple foci are common and treatment is difficult, with some patients developing chronic osteomyelitis with sequestration. Parvovirus B 19 infection causes acute bone marrow failure. Mal …

Avoiding diagnostic pitfalls in mimics of neoplasia: the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach.

Any medical diagnosis should take a multimodal approach, especially those involving tumour-like conditions, as entities that mimic neoplasms have overlapping features and may present detrimental outcomes if they are underdiagnosed. These case reports present diagnostic pitfalls resulting from overdependence on a single diagnostic parameter for three musculoskeletal neoplasm mimics: brown tumour (BT) that was mistaken for giant cell tumour (GCT), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis mistaken for osteosarcoma and a pseudoaneurysm mistaken for a soft tissue sarcoma. Literatur…

Substance P Augments Chemokine Production by Staphylococcus aureus Infected Murine Osteoclasts.

Staphylococcal osteomyelitis is a serious infection of the bone and joints characterized by progressive inflammatory tissue damage and leukocyte recruitment leading to net bone loss. Resident bone cells are capable of recognizing Staphylococcus aureus and initiating an inflammatory immune response that recruits leukocytes and alters bone homeostasis. Importantly, bone tissue is richly innervated with substance P containing nerve fibers and we have previously shown that this neuropeptide can augment the inflammatory responses of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts to S. aureus infection via neurok…

Листерия моноцитогены и ауреат ауреуса Staphylococus у пациента с множественной миеломой: отчет по делу.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Listeria monocitogenes представляет собой грозный патоген, который представляет собой значительную угрозу для иммунокомпромизации и может вызвать редкие нетипичные формы заболевания, особенно осложненные при кондиционировании Staphylococcus aureus. КАСЕ: Мы представляем случай пациента с моноцитогенесом менингоэнцефалитом, эндокардитом, сепсисом и С. ауреусом остеомиелитом, высветив сложность лечения распространяемой полимикробной инфекции. A 64-year-old Женщина с множественной миеломой лечится химиотерапией с температурой, изменившимся психическим состоянием, тошнотой и диареей в от

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Listeria monocytogenes is a formidable pathogen that poses a significant threat to immunocompromised and might cause rare atypical forms of the disease especially complicated with Staphylococcus aureus coinfection. CASE: We present a case of a patient with L. monocytogenes meningoencephalitis, endocarditis, sepsis, and S. aureus osteomyelitis,…

Patellectomy, an old treatment in patellar fracture which is still alive: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Comminuted patella fractures comprise 55 % of patellar fractures. In spite of advances in internal fixation of patella, patellectomy remains an effective treatment in comminuted fractures. In the shadow of different efficient methods of internal fixation, little attention is paid to patellectomy as an old treatment in patellar fracture which is a treatment option in circumstances like comminuted fractures and osteomyelitis. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 54-year-old male presented with complaint of knee pain and limited range of motion. The patient experienced patella fracture four yea…

Comparison of Early Versus Late Debridement Outcomes in the Management of Open Distal Radius Fractures.

PURPOSE: The optimal timing for surgical treatment of open distal radius fractures remains an area of debate. The purpose of this study was … eated surgically within and after 24 hours. Outcomes examined included infection, revision surgery, osteomyelitis, and nonunion. RESULTS: A total of 230 cases met the inclusion criteria. The cohorts of early and delayed surgical intervention were similar with regard to preoperative demographics. The most common mechanism of injury was motor vehicle accident. A …

Evaluation of metronidazole oral monotherapy in anaerobic oral infections.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the indications and dosing regimens for oral metronidazole monotherapy (OMM) for the management of oral anaerobic in … or recommended included pericoronitis; necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis/periodontitis/stomatitis, osteomyelitis, acute periapical infection, and cellulitis. OMM was prescribed in dosages ranging from 200 to 500 mg t.i.d. for periods ranging from 2 to 7 days. Osteomyelitis of the jaw was the only infection for which the dosage regimen of metronidazole was not …

Integrative tissue, cellular and molecular responsiveness of an innovative ex vivo model of the Staphylococcus aureus-mediated bone infection.

Osteomyelitis is a pathological condition of the bone, frequently associated with the presence of infectious agents - namely Staphylococcus aureus - that induce inflammation and tissue destruction. Recent advances in the understanding of its pathophysiology and the identification of innovative therapeutic approaches were gathered from experimental in vitro and in vivo systems. However, cell culture models offer limited representativeness of the cellular functionality and the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, further failing to mimic the three-dimensional tissue organization; and animal m…

Muscle Cuff in Distal Pedicled Adipofascial Sural Artery Flaps: A Retrospective Case Control Study.

UNLABELLED: Amputation after open tibial fracture occurs in 3% of cases. The rate increases when flap reconstruction is required. The standa … complication rates as does the adipofascial version. The muscle component may reduce the long-term osteomyelitis rate. METHODS: Patients were evaluated retrospectively after reconstruction with either PRSAF or PRSMAF. Preoperative osteomyelitis, flap survival, complications and osteomyelitis clearance were analyzed. RESULTS: The study shows preliminary resul …

Porphyromonas spp., Fusobacterium spp., and Bacteroides spp. dominate microbiota in the course of macropod progressive periodontal disease.

Macropod progressive periodontal disease (MPPD) is a necrotizing, polymicrobial, inflammatory disease commonly diagnosed in captive macropods. MPPD is characterized by gingivitis associated with dental plaque formation, which progresses to periodontitis and then to osteomyelitis of the mandible or maxilla. However, the underlying microbial causes of this disease remain poorly understood. In this study, we collected 27 oral plaque samples and associated clinical records from 22 captive Macropodidae and Potoroidae individuals that were undergoing clinical examination at Adelaide and Monarto Zoos…

Fatal epidural abscess from diabetic foot disease.

SUMMARY: Infection is a common complication of advanced diabetic foot disease, increasing the risk of acute admission and amputation. It is less well-known that foot ulceration and osteomyelitis may cause bacteraemia-associated hematogenous seeding and subsequent epidural abscess formation. Here we describe the case of a 57-year-old woman with known diabetic foot ulcer with underlying osteomyelitis admitted with backpain in the absence of trauma. Her condition deteriorated secondary to overwhelming sepsis. MRI of the spine confirmed spondylodiscitis and posterior epidural collection, not amena…

Establishment of an interdisciplinary board for bone and joint infections.

PURPOSE: The incidence of bone and joint infections is increasing while their treatment remains a challenge. Although guidelines and recommendations exist, evidence is often lacking and treatment complicated by complex clinical presentations and therapeutic options. Interdisciplinary boards shown to improve management of other diseases, seem potentially helpful. We describe the establishment of an osteomyelitis board to show the existing demand for such a platform. METHODS: All patients discussed in the board for bone and joint infections between October 2014 and September 2020 were included …