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Clinical approaches to osteoporosis in patients with chronic kidney disease: A comprehensive review.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) induces secondary osteoporosis, characterized by an imbalance between bone formation and resorption due to kidney dysfunction; the result is a reduction in both bone mineral density and quality. This condition is compounded by disruption of bone metabolic turnover, abnormalities in bone microstructure and collagen cross-linking, and compromised bone quality, all of which contribute to increased bone fragility. Reduced kidney function is complicated by secondary hyperparathyroidism, which exacerbates bone fragility. Managing osteoporosis in patients with CKD is chal

Immunotherapeutic approaches for systemic lupus erythematosus: early overview and future potential.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease. Current SLE therapies include immunosuppressants, antimalarial drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and corticosteroids, but these treatments can cause substantial toxicities to organs and may not be effective for all patients. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the treatment of SLE using immunotherapy, including Benlysta and Saphnelo. These advances in immunotherapy hold promise for SLE patients, providing new therapeutic options that may offer better clinical benefit and effectiveness. S

Выдержка гемпта (Extractum Cannabis) в деле " Лечение кишечных расстройств и диспепсии: исторические сведения из Барселоны, Испания " .

В этом исследовании изучается траектория интереса и использования экстракта каннабиса (выдержка канабиса сативы L.) для симптоматического лечения легких желудочно-кишечных расстройств и диспепсии в Барселоне XIX и начала XX века (Каталония, Испания) 1939, на основе обзора первичных источников. Цель настоящего документа заключается в том, чтобы представить исторический фармацевтический и прикладный обзор использования гематома (Cannabis L.) в медицинских целях до его запрещения, способствуя тем самым его признанию в качестве медицинского продукта. Представленная информация свидетельствует об ис

How to Treat Melanoma? The Current Status of Innovative Nanotechnological Strategies and the Role of Minimally Invasive Approaches like PTT and PDT.

Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer, the incidence and mortality of which are increasing worldwide. Its extensive degree of heterogeneity has limited its response to existing therapies. For many years the therapeutic strategies were limited to surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Fortunately, advances in knowledge have allowed the development of new therapeutic strategies. Despite the undoubted progress, alternative therapies are still under research. In this context, nanotechnology is also positioned as a strong and promising tool to develop nanosystems that act as drug ca

Кассетная нефропатия в СИС: Раннее признание и экстракорпоральные стратегии улучшения результатов.

Острая почечная травма (АКИ), вызванная кастами, является частой, но недостаточно признанной причиной дисфункции почек в отделении интенсивной терапии. Она возникает, когда фильтрованные белки или пигменты - свободные световые цепи (ФЛК) в множестве миеломы, миоглобин в хабдомиолизе, билирубин в тяжелом холестазе или гемоглобин в внутриваскулярном гемолизе - возникают внутри почечных трубок, образуя обструктивные касты и вызывая окислительные и подстрекательские травмы. Раннее распознавание имеет важное значение, поскольку традиционные маркеры (кротинин, мочи) задерживаются. Формирующиеся биом

Definition and management of very high fracture risk in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: a position statement from the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM) and the Brazilian Association of Bone Assessment and Metabolism (ABRASSO).

Several drugs are available for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Over the last decades, most patients requiring pharmacological intervention were offered antiresorptive drugs as first-line therapy, while anabolic agents were considered a last resource for those with therapeutic failure. However, recent randomized trials in patients with severe osteoporosis have shown that anabolic agents reduce fractures to a greater extent than antiresorptive medications. Additionally, evidence indicates that increases in bone mineral density (BMD) are maximized when patients are treated

Оценка и лечение агрессивного сексуального поведения: нынешние ограничения и потенциальные стратегии.

Несмотря на то, что в МКБ-11 была введена соответствующая классификация и симптоматика расстройства сексуального поведения (CSBD) по-прежнему противоречива. В этом обзоре мы изучили историю, эпидемиологический статус-кво, коморбиды, теории нейрофизики, текущие диагнозы и рекомендации по лечению для CSBD. Кроме того, мы подчеркнули недостатки текущих исследований и перспективы будущей работы. Селективные ингибиторы серотонина и налтрексон обычно используются в качестве "немаркированных" наркотиков. Диагностика и лечение пациентов, проходящих курс лечения, должны включать в себя биологические, п

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Zagreb: the first 40 years.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the most effective treatment for acute leukemia, severe aplastic anemia, and some hereditary hematological disorders. The principal source of stem cells in this procedure are bone marrow and peripheral blood cells. In recent years, the transplantation outcome has significantly improved. The availability of the donor no longer poses a problem, as transplantation has been performed routinely from related, unrelated, and haploidentical donors. A high success rate has been reported in elderly patients transplanted with reduced-intensity conditioning. Impr

Multiple myeloma current treatment algorithms.

The treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) continues to evolve rapidly with arrival of multiple new drugs, and emerging data from randomized trials to guide therapy. Along the disease course, the choice of specific therapy is affected by many variables including age, performance status, comorbidities, and eligibility for stem cell transplantation. In addition, another key variable that affects treatment strategy is risk stratification of patients into standard and high-risk MM. High-risk MM is defined by the presence of t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), gain 1q, del(17p), or p53 mutation. In this paper

Cold Atmospheric Plasma in the Treatment of Osteosarcoma.

Human osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor occurring most commonly in adolescents and young adults. Major improvements in disease-free survival have been achieved by implementing a combination therapy consisting of radical surgical resection of the tumor and systemic multi-agent chemotherapy. However, long-term survival remains poor, so novel targeted therapies to improve outcomes for patients with osteosarcoma remains an area of active research. This includes immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy, or treatment with nanoparticles. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), a hig

Long-term follow-up of thalidomide embryopathy: malformations and development of osteoarthritis in the lower extremities and evaluation of upper extremity function.

BackgroundBetween 1959 and 1962, several children with multiple malformations were born after maternal intake of thalidomide during pregnancy, known as thalidomide embryopathy (TE).ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the malformations, their long-term effect on the function of the extremities and the development of degenerative osteoarthritis (OA) in the lower extremities.MethodsAll living persons with TE in Sweden were invited to participate in the study. Thirty-one patients were examined clinically as a part of a multi-disciplinary follow-up programme. Evaluation of upper and low

The Evolving Pharmacotherapeutic Landscape for the Treatment of Sickle Cell Disease.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an extremely heterogeneous disease that has been associated with global morbidity and early mortality. More effective and inexpensive therapies are needed. During the last five years, the landscape of the pharmacotherapy of SCD has changed dramatically. Currently, 54 drugs have been used or under consideration to use for the treatment of SCD. These fall into 3 categories: the first category includes the four drugs (Hydroxyurea, L-Glutamine, Crizanlizumab tmca and Voxelotor) that have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) based on suc

Integrating oncolytic adenoviruses into combination cancer therapy: Mechanisms, advances and clinical outlook.

BACKGROUND: Cancer represents a major global public health issue, and recent research has focused on improving the efficacy of existing therapeutic approaches. In this context, oncolytic viruses have emerged as promising treatment options for advanced and treatment-resistant malignancies. Among them, adenoviruses are the most extensively studied due to their favourable safety profile, biological versatility and ease of genetic modification to enhance therapeutic performance. MAIN BODY: Combination-based strategies integrating virotherapy with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or immunotherapy have b

Applications of Aggregation-Induced Emission Materials in Immunology: From Diagnostics to Immunotherapy.

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials, due to their unique ability to significantly enhance optical emission in aggregated states, have demonstrated vast potential in immunology, particularly in early disease diagnosis and immunotherapy. AIE materials can serve as highly efficient fluorescent probes for biomarker detection, providing critical insights for early diagnosis. Additionally, they can act as cancer vaccines, enhancing the effectiveness of immunotherapy through photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, or activation of immune cells. This review highlights the applications of

Venous thromboembolism in cancer patients: an underestimated major health problem.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major health problem among patients with cancer, its incidence in this particular population is widely increasing. Although VTE is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity in cancer patients, its severity is still underestimated by many oncologists. Thromboprophylaxis of VTE now considered as a standard of care is still not prescribed in many institutions; the appropriate treatment of an established VTE is not yet well known by many physicians and nurses in the cancer field. Patients are also not well informed about VTE and its consequences. Many

От генов к окружающей среде: жизненный подход к профилактике педиатрических аутоиммунных заболеваний.

Аутоиммунные заболевания у детей, включая тип 1 Все более серьезной проблемой для здоровья людей во всем мире являются диабет, болезни селиака и детский артрит. Этот всплеск, слишком быстрый для того, чтобы его можно было объяснить только генетическими изменениями, подчеркивает важнейшую роль экологических факторов и подчеркивает настоятельную необходимость принятия активных превентивных мер. Этот обзор представляет собой комплексную, основанную на фактических данных основу для профилактики педиатрических аутоиммунных заболеваний по всему спектру услуг, начиная с первичной и заканчивая третичн

Role of T cells and cytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune disease. It causes persistent joint inflammation, aberrant tissue growth, and progressive joint deterioration. T cells have a key role in the onset of RA. They identify and trigger other immune cells, and produce inflammatory signals such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Prolonged inflammation and tissue damage are caused by an imbalance between regulatory T cells (Tregs) and pro-inflammatory T helper 17 (Th17) cells. Additionally, the condition is exacerbated by uncontrolled cytokine netwo

Thrombosis in Neuromuscular Medicine: Current Evidence, Unmet Needs, and Future Directions.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is an important but under-recognised complication in neuromuscular diseases. In adults, emerging epidemiological data suggests increased VTE occurrence in conditions such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, myotonic dystrophy, myasthenia gravis, inflammatory neuropathies, inflammatory myopathies, and POEMS syndrome. This heightened risk reflects not only disease-related immobility but also disorder-specific biological mechanisms, including inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and cardiomyopathy-related stasis.

New Avenues and Major Achievements in Phytocompounds Research for Glioblastoma Therapy.

Phytocompounds have been evaluated for their anti-glioblastoma actions for decades, with promising results from preclinical studies but only limited translation into clinics. Indeed, by targeting multiple signaling pathways deregulated in cancer, they often show high efficacy in the in vitro studies, but their poor bioavailability, low tumor accumulation, and rapid clearance compromise their efficacy in vivo. Here, we present the new avenues in phytocompound research for the improvement of glioblastoma therapy, including the ways to enhance the response to temozolomide using phytochemicals, th

Ten Years of Research on Fucoidan and Cancer: Focus on Its Antiangiogenic and Antimetastatic Effects.

Angiogenesis and metastasis represent two challenging targets to combat cancer development in the later stages of its progression. Numerous studies have indicated the important role of natural products in blocking tumor angiogenesis signaling pathways in several advanced tumors. In recent years, the marine polysaccharides fucoidans emerged as promising anticancer compounds showing potent antitumor activity in both in vitro and in vivo models of different types of cancers. The objective of this review is to focus on the antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activities of fucoidans with special emph

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… Possibilities of Fucoidan Utilization in the Development of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms. Mar. Drugs. 2019;17:458. doi: 10.3390/md17080458. 83. Luthuli S., Wu S., Cheng Y., Zheng X., Wu M., Tong H. Therapeutic Effects of Fucoidan: A Review on Recent Studies. Mar. …