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Inborn errors of immunity in Low German Mennonite communities in Mexico: a case series and narrative literature review.

BACKGROUND: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) comprise a genetically heterogeneous group of disorders with increased prevalence in consanguine … severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). All patients required disease-specific therapy, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, immunoglobulin replacement, and/or hematopoietic cell transplantation. The literature review identified a broad spectrum of IEI in LGM populations, including cellular and humoral immunodeficiencies, phagocyte disorders, DNA repair defects, autoinfl …

Effectiveness and Safety of Sacituzumab Govitecan in Real-World Clinical Practice in Patients with Metastatic Triple-Negative and HR+/HER2-Negative Breast Cancer.

Background/Objectives: Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is an antibody-drug conjugate targeting Trop-2 that has demonstrated clinical benefits in … riate analyses were performed to identify the factors influencing outcomes. The association between granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) prophylaxis and neutropenia was assessed using Fisher's exact test. Results: A total of 56 patients were included in this study (33 with mTNBC and 23 with HR+/HER2- mBC). In the mTNBC group, mPFS was 4.0 months (95% CI: 1.94-5.98) and mOS wa …

Optimal Primary Prophylaxis for Febrile Neutropenia During Neoadjuvant Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil Plus Docetaxel for Esophageal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (DCF) is the standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer (LAEC). DCF is associated with a high risk of febrile neutropenia (FN), but the optimal primary prophylaxis remains unclear. The present study aimed to assess risk factors for FN and efficacy of primary prophylaxis using granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and antibiotics in LAEC patients treated with DCF. METHODS: Patients with LAEC who received DCF as NAC between January 2016 and June 2022 at Aichi Cancer Center Hosp…

Isoproterenol infusion enhances composition and function of G-CSF mobilized allogeneic peripheral blood hematopoietic cell grafts.

BACKGROUND: Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and relapse remain critical challenges in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT). Graft composition is pivotal, with naïve T cells increasing GvHD risk and NK cells improving graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effects. Acute beta-adrenergic receptor activation mobilizes effector lymphocytes, favorably altering circulating immune cell composition. This study investigated whether infusing the non-selective beta-agonist isoproterenol (ISO) after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilization enhances peripheral blood hematopoietic…

Comparative efficacy of intrauterine infusion treatments for recurrent implantation failure: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVE: Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a significant challenge in assisted reproductive technology (ART), affecting many women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). This study aims to compare the efficacy of various intrauterine infusion treatments, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), in improving clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), live birth rate (LBR), and miscarriage rate (MR) in women with RIF. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in mult…

Beyond corticosteroids: A systematic review of novel therapeutic strategies in severe alcoholic hepatitis and 90-day survival.

BACKGROUND: Severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) carries a 90-day mortality rate approaching 50%. Management includes corticosteroids, nutrition … patients treated with corticosteroids (n = 2), pentoxifylline (n = 1), anakinra plus zinc (n = 2), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (n = 1), amoxicillin-clavulanate (n = 1), fecal microbiota transplantation (n = 1) or extracorporeal liver assist device (n = 1). While most studies were conducted in Western countries, two had a global scope. CONCLUSION: Steroids remain the first- …

Sweet's syndrome with Koebner phenomenon triggered by G-CSF as a preleukemic manifestation in a patient with primary myelofibrosis: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Sweet's syndrome (SS), also known as acute febrile neutrophilic skin disease, is a rare inflammatory skin disease. Clinically, patients often have fever and leukocytosis, characterized by painful erythema, papules or pustules. According to different etiologies, SS can be classified into three types: idiopathic, tumor-related and drug-induced. Among them, tumor-associated SS is closely related to some hematological malignancies. Drug-induced SS, on the other hand, can be induced by the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). CASE INTRODUCTION: This article reports a 4…

Effects of different therapeutic methods on the 90-day prognosis of patients with HBV-ACLF: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The short-term mortality rate of hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is relatively high, and the … were identified. Therapeutic methods focused on plasma exchange (PE), mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), glucocorticoid (GC), double plasma molecular absorption system (DPMAS), and nucleos(t)ide analogues. The primary outcome was the 90-day survival rate. The results for binary variables were calculated using odds ratio (OR), with a correspond …

Evidence of sex differences in ozone-induced oxysterol and cytokine levels in differentiated human nasal epithelial cells.

Acute exposure to ozone (O3) causes upper and lower airway inflammation. We and others have previously demonstrated that O3 oxidizes lipids, particularly cholesterol, into electrophilic oxysterols, such as secosterol B (SecoB), which can adduct proteins, thus altering cellular signaling pathways. To investigate how O3-derived oxysterols influence cytokine and chemokine release, nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) from healthy donors (n = 18 donors) were exposed to 0.4 ppm O3 for 4 h. Afterward, immune mediators in apical washes and basolateral supernatants were analyzed using ELISAs, whereas sterol

The Efficacy Research of Prophylactic PEG-rhG-CSF in Preventing Neutropenia in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Docetaxel-Based Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Analysis.

PURPOSE: Docetaxel-based chemotherapy regimens (DBRs) are commonly used in the treatment of early-stage breast cancer (EBC). The prophylactic use of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) has been shown to reduce the incidence of neutropenia induced by DBRs. However, the clinical usage of PEG-rhG-CSF in EBC patients undergoing DBRs in China remains unclear. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted in 137 EBC patients receiving DBRs from September 2022 to February 2024. We compared the incidence of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) between p…

A case of autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis during the course of treatment of rapidly progressive interstitial pneumonia associated with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis.

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (APAP) is a diffuse lung disease that causes abnormal accumulation of lipoproteins in the alveoli; however, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Recently, APAP cases have been reported during the course of dermatomyositis. The combination of these two diseases may be coincidental; however, it may have been overlooked because differentiating APAP from a flare-up of interstitial pneumonia associated with dermatomyositis is challenging. This didactic case demonstrates the need for early APAP scrutiny. CASE PRESENTATION: A 50-year-old woman was d

Experience of Peripheral Blood CD34+ Stem Cells Collection in Autoimmune Patients.

BACKGROUND: Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation with or without CD34+ selection is being used successfully to treat patients with severe and refractory autoimmune disease. This study describes our experience of CD34+ stem cell mobilization, harvesting and selection in autoimmune patients based on conditions in Vietnam - the developing country. METHODS: Eight autoimmune patients (four patients with Myasthenia Gravis and four patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) underwent PBSC mobilization with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and cyclophosphamide. The apheres…

Improved survival of children and adolescents with classical Hodgkin lymphoma treated on a harmonised protocol in South Africa.

BACKGROUND: Historic South African 5-year overall survival (OS) rates for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) from 2000 to 2010 were 46% and 84% for human … response and bulky disease received consolidation radiotherapy. HIV-positive patients could receive granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and less intensive therapy if stratified as high risk, at the treating clinician's discretion. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to determine 2-year OS and Cox regression to elucidate prognostic factors. RESULTS: The cohort comprised 132 …

Sputum Type 2 Markers Could Predict Remission in Severe Asthma Treated With Anti-IL-5.

BACKGROUND: Biotherapies targeting IL-5 allow a tangible improvement of asthma. However, all patients do not respond the same way to these treatments. Even if high blood eosinophil counts seem to be associated with a reduction in exacerbations with treatment targeting IL-5, we lack biomarkers for the prediction of remission after these very expensive treatments. RESEARCH QUESTION: Are there biomarkers of remission after therapy targeting IL-5 in the sputum of patients with severe eosinophilic asthma? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This observational study included 52 patients with severe asthma i

Survival and Hematologic Benefits of Romiplostim After Acute Radiation Exposure Supported FDA Approval Under the Animal Rule.

PURPOSE: Patients exposed to acute high doses of ionizing radiation are susceptible to dose-dependent bone marrow depression with resultant pancytopenia. Romiplostim (RP; Nplate) is a recombinant thrombopoietin receptor agonist protein that promotes progenitor megakaryocyte proliferation and platelet production and is an approved treatment for patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia. The goal of our study was to evaluate the postirradiation survival and hematologic benefits of a single dose of RP with or without pegfilgrastim (PF; Neulasta, granulocyte colony stimulating factor) by condu

Determination of Vaccine Immunogenicity Using Bovine Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs) within the immune system. They patrol the organism looking for pathogens and play a unique role within the immune system by linking the innate and adaptive immune responses. These cells can phagocytize and then present captured antigens to effector immune cells, triggering a diverse range of immune responses. This paper demonstrates a standardized method for the in vitro generation of bovine monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) isolated from cattle peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and their application in e

Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors and Incidence of Interstitial Pneumonia With CHOP-Like Regimens for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.

ObjectivesInterstitial pneumonitis (IP), a potentially fatal complication of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) patients received CHOP (cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin and vincristine and prednisone)-like chemotherapy, negatively affected patients' clinical outcome and quality of life. We aimed to explore patient-related, disease-related and drug-related risk factors associated with IP and gain a better understanding of the incidence in NHL patients.MethodsDatabases, including PubMed, Ovid, China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), and Wanfang Database from inception to January 20, 2022, were searche

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… colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)] and so much more ( 8 – 18 ). … Serious Pulmonary Complications in Patients Receiving Recombinant Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor During BACOP Chemotherapy for Aggressive non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Br J Cancer (1994) 70(5):1009–13. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1994.439 34. …

Single-Center Analysis of Pegfilgrastim-induced Aortitis Using a Drug Prescription Database and CT Findings.

Background Pegfilgrastim-induced aortitis is a rare but serious adverse event in patients undergoing anticancer therapy with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor analogs. Despite previous case series and systemic reviews, the exact incidence, clinical presentation, and CT manifestations of pegfilgrastim-induced aortitis remain unclear. Purpose To clarify the incidence and clinicoradiologic characteristics of pegfilgrastim-induced aortitis. Materials and Methods Pegfilgrastim administration records from January 2015 to March 2021 were retrospectively collected from the drug prescription databa…

Outcomes and Predictors of 28-Day Mortality in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies and Septic Shock Defined by Sepsis-3 Criteria.

BACKGROUND: To describe short-term outcomes and independent predictors of 28-dayx mortality in adult patients with hematologic malignancies … ides administration (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.26-0.69), serum albumin (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.31-0.86), and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.24-0.65) were associated with lower 28-day mortality. Life support limitations were present in 81.6% of patients at death. At 90 days, 19.4% of the patients were alive. CONCLUSIONS: Despite efforts to enhance survival, …

Long-term follow-up of autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for refractory lupus nephritis-a series study of 20 patients.

BACKGROUND: Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (ASCT) improves immunologic homeostasis in autoimmune diseases. ASCT-treated refra … wo cases died within 100 days after ASCT. Hematopoietic cell mobilization with cyclophosphamide and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was followed by collection of CD34+ positively selected cells. The conditioning regimen consisted of intravenous cyclophosphamide, rabbit antithymocyte globulin, methylprednisolone, and G-CSF. All immunosuppressive therapies were discontinue …