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Outcomes of Conservative Versus Surgical Treatment of Dropped Head Syndrome in a Single Institution: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Dropped head syndrome (DHS), also known as camptocephalia, is characterized by a mobile chin-on-chest deformity from hypotonia of the cervical extensor muscle or hypertonia of the anterior neck muscles. There remains a paucity of quality published literature on this topic, particularly its management. The objective of this study is to identify radiographic and clinical outcomes of surgery as compared to nonsurgical treatment, to summarize the literature, and to create a decision-making paradigm for managing patients with DHS. As such, we report outcomes of our retrospective chart review series

Предлагаемый рабочий поток для тщательного анализа бактериальных стенограмм в данных RNAseq из внеклеточных везеиклов.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Микробиота однозначно связана с различными заболеваниями, однако механизмы, лежащие в основе этих ассоциаций, по-прежнему недостаточно изучены. Одним из потенциальных факторов, способствующих этой взаимосвязи, являются внеклеточные везикли, образующиеся бактериями (БЭМ). Однако обнаружение этих БЭМ сопряжено с трудностями. Поэтому мы предлагаем новый рабочий процесс для выявления бактериальной РНК, присутствующей в циркулирующих внеклеточных везиклах с использованием данных Total EV RNA-seq. В качестве доказательства концепции мы применили этот рабочий поток к набору данных от лиц с

Tumor Targeting with Peptide-Drug Conjugates: Showcasing Key Progress and Hurdles.

Peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) are modular, targeted therapeutics composed of a homing peptide linked to a cytotoxic or modulating drug payload via a cleavable/non-cleavable linker. PDCs utilize peptide targeting to enhance the delivery of potent drugs to tumors, providing advantages such as superior tissue penetration, reduced immunogenicity, and simpler manufacture compared to antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). A comparison of PDCs versus ADCs highlights that PDCs' small size (~1-3 kDa) enables deeper tumor penetration and faster clearance, whereas ADCs (~150 kDa) benefit from prolonged circul

Терапевтические и диагностические проблемы передневременного слабоумия.

В поисках терапевтических модификаторов фронтовременное слабоумие (ФТР) традиционно омрачалось другими заболеваниями, такими, как болезнь Альцгеймера (AD). Будучи клиническим и патологическим по своему характеру заболеванием, ПТО было вызвано рядом недавних открытий, таких, как новые генетические варианты семейных и спорадических форм заболеваний и выявление белка, связывающего ДНК с ДНК. 43 kDa (kDa)TDP-43) в качестве определяющего компонента включения более чем в половине случаев. В сочетании с постоянно расширяющимися знаниями о функции и дисфункции белка тау-а, который патологически агреги

Musculoskeletal Organs-on-Chips: An Emerging Platform for Studying the Nanotechnology-Biology Interface.

Nanotechnology-based approaches are promising for the treatment of musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders, which present significant clinical burdens and challenges, but their clinical translation requires a deep understanding of the complex interplay between nanotechnology and MSK biology. Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) systems have emerged as an innovative and versatile microphysiological platform to replicate the dynamics of tissue microenvironment for studying nanotechnology-biology interactions. This review first covers recent advances and applications of MSK OoCs and their ability to mimic the biophysic

Targeting the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System for Cancer Therapeutics by Small-Molecule Inhibitors.

The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a critical regulator of cellular protein levels and activity. It is, therefore, not surprising that its dysregulation is implicated in numerous human diseases, including many types of cancer. Moreover, since cancer cells exhibit increased rates of protein turnover, their heightened dependence on the UPS makes it an attractive target for inhibition via targeted therapeutics. Indeed, the clinical application of proteasome inhibitors in treatment of multiple myeloma has been very successful, stimulating the development of small-molecule inhibitors targetin

Cancer Metabolism as a Therapeutic Target and Review of Interventions.

Cancer is amenable to low-cost treatments, given that it has a significant metabolic component, which can be affected through diet and lifestyle change at minimal cost. The Warburg hypothesis states that cancer cells have an altered cell metabolism towards anaerobic glycolysis. Given this metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells, it is possible to target cancers metabolically by depriving them of glucose. In addition to dietary and lifestyle modifications which work on tumors metabolically, there are a panoply of nutritional supplements and repurposed drugs associated with cancer prevention and

Mesenchymal stromal cells in bone marrow niche of patients with multiple myeloma: a double-edged sword.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy defined by the abnormal proliferation and accumulation of plasma cells (PC) within the bone marrow (BM). While multiple myeloma impacts the bone, it is not classified as a primary bone cancer. The bone marrow microenvironment significantly influences the progression of myeloma and its treatment response. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in this environment engage with myeloma cells and other bone marrow components via direct contact and the secretion of soluble factors. This review examines the established roles of MSCs in multiple facets of

Всеобъемлющий и систематический обзор по вопросу о добавке ресвератрола в качестве перспективного кандидата в отношении болезни сетчатки сетчатки: акцент на механизмах действий на основе доклинических исследований.

Resveratrol — естественный полифенолический соединение, демонстрирующее большой потенциал нейрозащиты, борьбы с воспалением и антиоксидацией. Предыдущие исследования показали, что ресвератрол может эффективно лечить различные животные модели болезней сетчатки. ПУРПОСЕ: Цель исследования состояла в том, чтобы использовать экспериментальную модель животных для оценки эффективности лечения заболеваний, связанных с сетчаткой, в рамках различных видов заболеваний, связанных с животным, таких, как ишемия-реперциозная травма, диабетическая ретинопатия, глаукома, хроническая окулярная гипертония, опти

Chemotherapy-Mediated Complications of Wound Healing: An Understudied Side Effect.

Significance: Chemotherapy is a primary method to treat cancer. While chemotherapeutic drugs are designed to target rapidly dividing cancer cells, they can also affect other cell types. In the case of dermal cells and macrophages involved in wound healing, cytotoxicity often leads to the development of chronic wounds. The situation becomes even more severe when chemotherapy is combined with surgical tumor excision. Recent Advances: Despite its significant impact on patients' recovery from surgery, the issue of delayed wound healing in individuals undergoing chemotherapy remains inadequately ex

The Impact of Histone Modifications in Endometriosis Highlights New Therapeutic Opportunities.

Endometriosis is a chronic disorder of the female reproductive system which afflicts a great number of women worldwide. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) prevent the relaxation of chromatin, thereby positively or negatively modulating gene transcription. The current review aims at studying the impact of histone modifications and their therapeutic targeting in endometriosis. In order to identify relevant studies, a literature review was conducted using the MEDLINE and LIVIVO databases. The current manuscript represents the most comprehensive, up-to-date review of the literature focusing on the parti

GPER1 Активация Антитуморной активности в Множестве миелом.

G белковый рецептор эстрогена. 1 Активация (GPER1) становится перспективной терапевтической стратегией борьбы с различными видами рака. Несмотря на то, что в контексте твердых опухолей широко изучался вопрос о адресации GPER, его воздействие на гематологию еще предстоит понять в полной мере. Здесь мы показываем, что GPER1 mRNA понижается в плазменных клетках от открытой множественной миэломы (MM) и лейкемии от плазмы по сравнению с нормальными спонсорами или преднасыщенными условиями (моноклональная гаммопатия неопределённого значения и удушающая MM); кроме того, более низкое выражение GPER1 а

The updated landscape of tumor microenvironment and drug repurposing.

Accumulating evidence shows that cellular and acellular components in tumor microenvironment (TME) can reprogram tumor initiation, growth, invasion, metastasis, and response to therapies. Cancer research and treatment have switched from a cancer-centric model to a TME-centric one, considering the increasing significance of TME in cancer biology. Nonetheless, the clinical efficacy of therapeutic strategies targeting TME, especially the specific cells or pathways of TME, remains unsatisfactory. Classifying the chemopathological characteristics of TME and crosstalk among one another can greatly b

Proteasome Inhibitors and Their Potential Applicability in Osteosarcoma Treatment.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of bone cancer, with ~30% of patients developing secondary/metastatic tumors. The molecular complexity of tumor metastasis and the lack of effective therapies for OS has cultivated interest in exploiting the proteasome as a molecular target for anti-cancer therapy. As our understanding towards the behavior of malignant cells expands, it is evident that cancerous cells display a greater reliance on the proteasome to maintain homeostasis and sustain efficient biological activities. This led to the development and approval of first- and second-generation

Potential Adverse Effects of Dexamethasone Therapy on COVID-19 Patients: Review and Recommendations.

In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the global healthcare community has raced to find effective therapeutic agents against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To date, dexamethasone is the first and an important therapeutic to significantly reduce the risk of death in COVID-19 patients with severe disease. Due to powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, dexamethasone could attenuate SARS-CoV-2-induced uncontrolled cytokine storm, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and lung injury. Nevertheless, dexamethasone tre

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Ma L Feng X Wang K Song Y Luo R Yang C Dexamethasone promotes mesenchymal stem cell apoptosis and inhibits osteogenesis by disrupting mitochondrial dynamics FEBS Open Bio 2019 10 211 220 31788976 10.1002/2211-5463.12771 PMC6996403 51. …

Cellular Senescence and the Kidney: Potential Therapeutic Targets and Tools.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing health burden (affecting approximately 13.4% of the population). Currently, no curative treatment options are available and treatment is focused on limiting the disease progression. The accumulation of senescent cells has been implicated in the development of kidney fibrosis by limiting tissue rejuvenation and through the secretion of pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory mediators termed as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. The clearance of senescent cells in aging models results in improved kidney function, which shows promise for the op

Extracellular matrix dysregulation in aging, calcification, and cancer diseases: insights into cellular senescence, inflammation, and novel therapeutic strategies.

This review underscores the dynamic role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in regulating cellular behavior and maintaining tissue homeostasis, highlighting its pivotal involvement in aging, calcification, and cancer diseases. In healthy tissues, controlled ECM remodeling provides essential biochemical and mechanical cues, but dysregulation (driven by chronic inflammation, cellular senescence, and altered intercellular communication) leads to fibrosis, calcification, and the creation of a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment. Senescent cells contribute to these changes through senescence-associated

Электрохимические датчики на основе полимера для диагностики нейродегенеративных заболеваний.

Острые и хронические нейродегенеративные заболевания (ND), включая множественный склероз (MS), болезнь Альцгеймера (AD) и болезнь Паркинсона (PD), характеризуются нейродегенерацией, которая представляет собой постепенный сбой и повреждение нейронов и аксонов в центральной нервной системе. Благодаря обнаружению соответствующих биомаркеров нейродегенеративных заболеваний (ND) стало возможным совершенствование клинических диагностических исследований, а также разработка и отслеживание успешных методов лечения заболеваний. Важные биомаркеры, такие, как белки тау, амилоид-β и α-синуклеины, имеют ва

Эффективность неклинической двойной целевой подготовки по вопросам физических и когнитивных функций и повседневной жизни пожилых людей с когнитивной отсталостью: систематический обзор и метаанализ.

Пожилые люди с когнитивной отсталостью, как правило, испытывают дефицит памяти, внимания и решения проблем, что приводит к снижению способности вести повседневную жизнь (ADL). Неклиническая подготовка по двум направлениям (ДПТ), осуществляемая дома, в общине или с помощью телереабилитационной системы, согласуется со стратегиями цифрового здравоохранения в целях повышения доступности и непрерывности ухода за пожилыми людьми с когнитивной отсталостью. В ходе этого обзора были рассмотрены последствия такого вмешательства для походок, функциональной мобильности, когнитивных характеристик и ADL, а

Current drugs for HIV-1: from challenges to potential in HIV/AIDS.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) persists in latently infected CD4+T cells and integrates with the host genome until cell death. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is associated with HIV-1. Possibly, treating HIV/AIDS is an essential but challenging clinical goal. This review provides a detailed account of the types and mechanisms of monotherapy and combination therapy against HIV-1 and describes nanoparticle and hydrogel delivery systems. In particular, the recently developed capsid inhibitor (Lenacapavir) and the Ainuovirine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine combination (