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Tamoxifen associated to the conservative CKD treatment promoted additional antifibrotic effects on experimental hypertensive nephrosclerosis.

CKD progression depends on the activation of an intricate set of hemodynamic and inflammatory mechanisms, promoting renal leukocyte infiltra … e conservative management of experimental CKD. Wistar rats underwent the NAME model of hypertensive nephrosclerosis, obtained by daily oral administration of a nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor, associated to dietary sodium overload. The therapeutic association of TAM to losartan (LOS), and mofetil mycophenolate (MMF) effectively reduced the severe hypertension, m …

Calcium antagonist inhibits glomerular cell apoptosis and injuries of L-NAME exacerbated nephrosclerosis in SHR.

Increased apoptosis of glomerular cells, with progression of glomerulosclerosis, overactivity of the renin-angiotensin system and elevation of glomerular pressure, follows chronic nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). To gain insight into the regulation of glomerular cell apoptosis in severe nephrosclerosis, we investigated apoptosis, the expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in glomeruli, and glomerular morphometric changes in 20-week-old SHR, SHR treated with NOS inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 80 mg/l in drink…

Урмодулин для различения между гломерулонефритом, диабетической болезнью почек и нефросклерозом в биопсии-провенном коорте.

Фон/цели: Клинически важное значение имеет проведение различия между гломерулонефритом (ГН) и диабетическим заболеванием почек (DKD) и нефросклерозом (NS). Урмодулин (uUMOD), биомаркер почечной трубки, может способствовать дискриминации между этими хроническими заболеваниями почек (CKD) и этиологией. Мы оценили диагностическую полезность UUMOD для деления GN на DKD и NS. Методы: Это ретроспективное одноцентральное исследование охватывало 90 пациентов с биопсией GN (n = 30), DKD (n = 25) или NS (n = 35). Первые утренние пробы мочи, полученные до биопсии, были проанализированы с точки зрения кон

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Background/Objectives: Distinguishing glomerulonephritis (GN) from diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and nephrosclerosis (NS) is clinically important. Urinary uromodulin (uUMOD), a biomarker of renal tubular integrity, may help discriminate among these chronic kidney disease (CKD) etiologies. We evaluated the diagnostic utility of uUMOD for differentiating GN fr…

Soluble ST2 is an early marker and treatment target for hypertensive nephrosclerosis signatured in glomerular mesangial cells.

The absence of a biologic marker for hypertensive nephrosclerosis (HN) remains a challenge. This study aimed at exploring the relationship between sST2 and early HN and examining their interaction in glomerular mesangial cells. The serum sST2 levels of healthy controls (HC; n=9), patients with HN (n=15), and patients with lupus nephritis (LN; n=27) were measured using ELISA. The association between the serum sST2 levels and clinicopathologic characteristics, including kidney function and mesangial proliferation, were assessed. The expression of ST2 and fibrotic markers in glomerular mesangial …

Clinico-pathological characteristics and outcomes of patients with biopsy-proven hypertensive nephrosclerosis: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate renal outcomes and their predictors in biopsy-proven hypertensive nephrosclerosis (HN) patients and to compare clinico-pathological characteristics and prognoses between benign nephrosclerosis (BN) and malignant nephrosclerosis (MN) patients. METHODS: Data for biopsy-proven HN patients were retrospectively analyzed. Renal survival rates and relationships between clinico-pathological characteristics and outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: A total of 194 patients were enrolled; the mean age at biopsy was 43.8 years, and male gender predominated (82.5 %)…

Association between peripheral blood eosinophil count and kidney replacement therapy initiation risk in patients with nephrosclerosis.

Eosinophils are implicated in cardiovascular risk and chronic kidney disease progression. However, prior cohorts included patients with heterogeneous etiologies, making it unclear whether eosinophils independently predict kidney prognosis in nephrosclerosis, a condition characterized by vascular injury. Therefore, we investigated whether the peripheral eosinophil count is associated with kidney prognosis in patients with biopsy-proven nephrosclerosis. This retrospective multicenter cohort study included 202 patients with biopsy-proven nephrosclerosis who underwent kidney biopsy between 2010 an…

Progression of chronic kidney disease: Adrenergic genetic influence on glomerular filtration rate decline in hypertensive nephrosclerosis.

BACKGROUND: African-Americans are likely to develop hypertension and hypertensive nephrosclerosis. This grave prognosis, coupled with familial aggregation of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in Blacks, prompts a search for genetic risk factors for ESRD. Recent evidence implicates a crucial role for the sympathetic nervous system in progressive renal disease. METHODS: We used the African-American Study of Kidney Disease to probe whether beta2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) predicts glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline rate. A total of 580 participants were included. Baseline GFR was 51.2 +/- 0.…

The glomerular lesions in endotheliotropic hemolytic nephroangiopathy (hemolytic uremic syndrome, malignant nephrosclerosis, post partum renal insufficiency).

The term "Endotheliotropic Hemolytic Nephroangiopathy" (EHN) comprises various clinically or pathomorphologically defined disease states with severe renal lesions (e.g. hemolytic uremic syndrome, malignant nephrosclerosis, post partum renal insufficiency) which, to date, have been considered as different entities. We attempted to assign accompanying glomerular changes based upon light and electron microscopy to the above mentioned clinical pictures and their various stages. The accordingly classified glomerular lesions (G1--G3 and Ga) are of critical importance in pathohistological differentia…

Involvement of apoptosis inhibitor of macrophages in a rat hypertension model with nephrosclerosis: possible mechanisms of action of olmesartan and azelnidipine.

Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHRsp) rats develop severe hypertension resulting in renal injury. We investigated apoptosis inhibitor of macrophages (AIM) expression in nephrosclerotic rats and the involvement of AIM in olmesartan (OLM)- and azelnidipine (AZN)-induced decreases in the number of macrophages infiltrating the kidney. We randomly assigned 20-week-old male SHRsp rats to receive one of the following substances every day for 12 weeks: water (vehicle), hydralazine (HYD), OLM, or AZN. Renal damage was assessed by Masson trichrome staining. Expressions of ED-1, AIM, and oxidiz

ACE inhibition is effective and renoprotective in hypertensive nephrosclerosis: the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) trial.

An interim analysis of the AASK trial at three years demonstrates a renoprotective effect [slower decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR … yond the threshold of "dipstick positive" proteinuria, 300 mg/day) and non-proteinuric hypertensive nephrosclerosis. At the time of the interim analysis, the effectiveness of the beta-blocker metoprolol was not significantly different from that of the ACE inhibitor. The data suggest that DHP-CCBs should be used with caution in the presence of mild-to-moderate ren …

Autopsy study examining non-chronic kidney disease versus chronic kidney disease caused by hypertensive-nephrosclerosis in elderly subjects.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this autopsy study was to clarify the differences of renal histopathology between non-chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CKD caused by hypertensive-nephrosclerosis in the elderly and during the aging process. METHODS: We examined autopsy specimens from 105 elderly patients (53 male subjects; mean age, 86.2 years) including 44 patients with CKD as a result of nephrosclerosis. The analysis was divided into two groups depending on whether they had CKD. RESULTS: The incidences of arterial intimal thickening (AIT), obsolescent-type global glomerulosclerosis (OB), and intersti…

Clinicopathological discordance in biopsy-proven nephrosclerosis: a nationwide cross-sectional study of the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry (J-RBR).

BACKGROUND: Patients with nephrosclerosis display heterogenous clinical phenotypes, often leading to a clinical diagnosis discordant with pathological nephrosclerosis diagnosis. However, little is known about clinical factors associated with clinicopathological discordance of biopsy-proven nephrosclerosis. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of 891 patients with biopsy-proven nephrosclerosis registered in the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry (J-RBR) between July 2007 and June 2016, we examined clinical characteristics associated with a pre-biopsy clinical diagnosis discordant with pathological nep…

Combination therapy with telmisartan and spironolactone alleviates L-NAME exacerbated nephrosclerosis with an increase in PPAR-gamma and decrease in TGF-beta(1).

To investigate whether the receptor blockades of angiotensin II type 1 and aldosterone receptors can prevent renal tissue injury in relation to the renal tissue mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferation-activated receptors-gamma (PPAR-gamma) and transforming growth factor-beta (1) (TGF-beta(1)) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) given N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), which is considered a model of malignant hypertension. This study was performed in 5 groups of 17-week-old male SHR treated for 3 weeks as follows: group 1, control; group 2, L-NAME (50 mg/L in drinking); group 3,

A Case of Significant Improvement of Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction With a Small Dose of Candesartan in a Hemodialysis Patient With Hypertensive Heart Disease and Nephrosclerosis.

Hypertension induces vascular damage followed by organ damage, including heart failure in hypertensive heart disease (HHD) and nephrosclerosis (the resultant renal pathologic change from long-standing hypertension affecting renal vascular supply), ultimately causing renal failure. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors are well known as effective drugs for the treatment of hypertension and the anti-remodeling of affected organs. A 52-year-old male was evaluated. Right atrophic kidney and proteinuria were noted in his high school years; however, he had no symptoms for about 35 y…

Accuracy of the diagnosis of hypertensive nephrosclerosis in African Americans: a report from the African American Study of Kidney Disease (AASK) Trial. AASK Pilot Study Investigators.

African Americans have excess hypertension and end-stage renal disease presumed due to hypertension compared to Caucasians. The AASK was des … mingly likely to show renal vascular lesions consistent with the clinical diagnosis of hypertensive nephrosclerosis.

Increased renal iron accumulation in hypertensive nephropathy of salt-loaded hypertensive rats.

Although iron is reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease, it is unknown whether iron participates in the pathophysiology of nephrosclerosis. Here, we investigate whether iron is involved in the development of hypertensive nephropathy and the effects of iron restriction on nephrosclerosis in salt- loaded stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). SHRSP were given either a normal or high-salt diet for 8 weeks. Another subset of SHRSP were fed a high-salt with iron-restricted diet. SHRSP given a high-salt diet developed severe hypertension and nephrosc…