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[Comparisons outpatient drug prescriptions: France, Denmark, Norway, Sweden].

UNLABELLED: Comparisons outpatient drug prescriptions: France, Denmark, Norway, Sweden. OBJECTIVE: Project compares quantitatively outpatient drug prescriptions in France, Denmark, Norway and Sweden. METHODS: Data were obtained from national databases; the unit of measurement was defined daily dose per 1000 inhabitants. The five most prescribed drug classes were compared in each country in 2009, then benzodiazepines and antibiotics from 2006 to 2012. A literature review was focused on the context of prescriptions for each country. RESULTS: In 2009, the five most prescribed drug classes in t…

Influence of SSRI and SNRI co-prescription on benzodiazepine prescription trajectories.

PURPOSE: This study examined whether co-prescription of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin or norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI)s with benzodiazepines is associated with differences in benzodiazepine prescriptions both within individual patients over time and between patients. METHODS: We analyzed deidentified electronic health records of patients prescribed a benzodiazepine between 2020 and 2022 (N = 847). Patients were categorized into three groups: those co-prescribed an SSRI, those co-prescribed an SNRI, and those not co-prescribed an SSRI or SNRI. RESULT…

[Factors influencing the prescription or non-prescription of antibiotics by general practitioners].

AIM: The authors wanted to identify the factors associated with prescription or non-prescription of antibiotics by general practitioners (GPs), for three frequent infectious diseases: tonsillitis, acute bronchitis (AB) and exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (ECB). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study included 574 patients followed by 58 randomly selected GPs in Eastern France. Data on physicians, patients (clinical, social and environmental) and antibiotic treatment (type, motivations) was collected during the consultation via a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: Official recomme

Paediatric outpatient prescriptions in France between 2010 and 2019: A nationwide population-based study: Paediatric outpatient prescriptions in France, 2010 to 2019.

BACKGROUND: Paediatric outpatient prescription (POP) monitoring is pivotal to identify inadequate prescriptions and optimize drug use. We aimed at describing recent trends in POPs in France. METHODS: All reimbursed dispensations of outpatient prescribed drugs (excluding vaccines) were prospectively collected for the paediatric population (<18 years old) in the French national health database in 2010-2011 and 2018-2019 (mean 117,356,938/year). POP prevalence (proportion of children receiving ≥1 drug prescriptions/year) was calculated by age groups and compared by prevalence rate ratios (PRRs).…

The Impact of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs on U.S. Opioid Prescriptions.

This paper seeks to understand the treatment effect of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs) on opioid prescription rates. Using county-level panel data on all opioid prescriptions in the U.S. between 2006 and 2015, we investigate whether state interventions like PDMPs have heterogeneous treatment effects at the sub-state level, based on regional and temporal variations in policy design, extent of urbanization, race, and income. Our models comprehensively control for a set of county and time fixed effects, countyspecific and time-varying demographic controls, potentially endogenous tim…

Appropriateness of piperacillin-tazobactam prescriptions: a prospective multicentre study.

INTRODUCTION: Our aim was to determine the reasons for appropriate Piperacillin-tazobactam (Pip-Taz) prescriptions. METHOD: This was a prospective multicentre study of two-month Pip-Taz prescription in France. Reading of patient charts allowed for classification of diagnoses as definitive, suspected or unknown. Appropriateness of Pip-Taz was defined according to eight indications: post-operative infection in digestive surgery or urology, fever in onco-hematological patients, healthcare-associated infections (HCAI) in intensive care units, polymicrobial HCAI, infection due to multidrug-resista…

[Characteristics of moxibustion in Dragon Gate Stone Inscription prescriptions].

The Dragon Gate Stone Inscription prescriptions are the earliest surviving stone inscriptions of medical formulas in China, covering various departments such as internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics and ophthalmology. By reviewing 28 moxibustion prescriptions recorded in the Dragon Gate Stone Inscriptions, the following application characteristics are summarized: moxibustion mainly treats acute diseases such as mania, deficiency-cold syndrome, and jaundice; in terms of point selection, specific points such as the thirteen ghost points, eight influential points, and front-mu points…

Cost of inappropriate prescriptions for uncomplicated malaria in Ghana.

BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a common course of morbidity in many sub-Saharan African countries. While treatment options have improved in recent times, inappropriate prescription seems conventional among providers, increasing the burden on patients and society. This study examined the cost of inappropriate prescriptions for uncomplicated malaria treatment in Ghana. METHODS: This study used retrospective data collected from January to December 2016 in 27 selected facilities, under different ownership in three regions of the country, mainly Volta, Upper East and Brong Ahafo. Stratified random sa…

Do we need audiogram-based prescriptions? A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: Hearing aids are typically programmed using the individual's audiometric thresholds and verified using real-ear measures. Developments in technology have resulted in a new category of direct-to-consumer devices, which are not necessarily programmed using the individual's audiometric thresholds. This review aimed to identify whether programming hearing aids using the individual's validated audiogram-based prescription, and verified using real-ear measures, results in better outcomes for adults with hearing loss. DESIGN: The review was registered in PROSPERO and reported in accordanc

Benzodiazepine and zolpidem prescriptions during autologous stem cell transplantation.

Multiple myeloma patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) may receive benzodiazepine or zolpidem-class (B/Z) medications despite their risks in older patients. Of 205 myeloma patients (36% aged 65+) who underwent ASCT at our institution between 2017 and 2018, we found that B/Z prescription rates for anxiety/insomnia rose significantly from 26% before ASCT to 38% at discharge and 39% at Day +100. B/Z initiation while hospitalized was a strong predictor of B/Z persistence at Day +100. Our findings highlight the role of these potentially inappropriate medications during hos

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… However, 84% of B/Z‐naïve patients who had ≥1 B/Z prescription at hospital discharge, then had ≥1 B/Z prescription at D +100; in contrast, for B/Z‐naïve patients who remained B/Z‐naïve at discharge, only 7% had ≥1 B/Z prescription present at D +100. … Even after excluding lorazepam prescriptions for nausea/vomiting, we nevertheless found that B/Z prescription rates among MM patients rose rapidly and significantly from 26% to 38% within 2 weeks of ASCT. …

Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions of Antipsychotics for Patients With Dementia.

Dementias are neurodegenerative and progressive diseases of the central nervous system. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of potentially inappropriate prescriptions of antipsychotics in a group of patients diagnosed with dementia in Colombia. This was a cross-sectional study based on a population database for drug dispensing that identified prescriptions of antidementia drugs, antipsychotics, and other drugs for patients with a diagnosis of dementia. Descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. A total of 11,372 patients with dementia …

Plan Type and Opioid Prescriptions for Children in Medicaid.

BACKGROUND: Opioids are generally an inappropriate acute pain management strategy in children, particularly because of the risk for diversio … ren in MC or FFS to receive an opioid from a dentist visit (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric opioid prescriptions vary by plan type. Future efforts should identify reasons why Medicaid-enrolled children in a CCO plan are more likely to be prescribed opioids.

Intradialytic Nutrition and Hemodialysis Prescriptions: A Personalized Stepwise Approach.

Dialysis and nutrition are two sides of the same coin-dialysis depurates metabolic waste that is typically produced by food intake. Hence, dietetic restrictions are commonly imposed in order to limit potassium and phosphate and avoid fluid overload. Conversely, malnutrition is a major challenge and, albeit to differing degrees, all nutritional markers are associated with survival. Dialysis-related malnutrition has a multifactorial origin related to uremic syndrome and comorbidities but also to dialysis treatment. Both an insufficient dialysis dose and excessive removal are contributing factors

Predicting high-risk opioid prescriptions before they are given.

Misuse of prescription opioids is a leading cause of premature death in the United States. We use state government administrative data and machine learning methods to examine whether the risk of future opioid dependence, abuse, or poisoning can be predicted in advance of an initial opioid prescription. Our models accurately predict these outcomes and identify particular prior nonopioid prescriptions, medical history, incarceration, and demographics as strong predictors. Using our estimates, we simulate a hypothetical policy which restricts new opioid prescriptions to only those with low predic…

Changes in US Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions From 2011-2016.

BACKGROUND: While antibiotics are life-saving drugs, their use is not without risk, including adverse events and antibiotic resistance. The majority of US antibiotic prescriptions are prescribed in outpatient settings, making outpatient antibiotic prescribing an important antibiotic stewardship target. The primary objective of this study was to describe trends in US outpatient oral antibiotic prescriptions from 2011-2016. METHODS: We estimated annual oral antibiotic prescription rates using national prescription dispensing count data from IQVIA Xponent, divided by census estimates for 2011-20…