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Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B and D virus co-infected patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection causes a severe chronic viral hepatitis with accelerated development of liver cirrhosis and decompensation, but whether it further increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. We performed a comprehensive systematic review of the published literature and meta-analysis to assess the risk of HCC in HDV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infected, compared to HBV mono-infected patients. The study was conducted per a priori defined protocol, including only longitudinal studies, thus excluding cross-sectional studies. Random-effects models were used…

Hepatitis B, C and D virus prevalence in children and adults in Mbeya Region, Tanzania: results from a cohort study 2002 - 2009.

INTRODUCTION: sub-Saharan Africa bears a high prevalence for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This analysis aims at elucidating the exposure to HBV across different age groups in Mbeya Region in Tanzania and determines prevalences of hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis delta antigen (HDV) infections. METHODS: plasma samples from children and adults with defined HIV status were analysed for HBV, HCV and HDV markers.\. RESULTS: hepatitis B (HBs)-antigen positivity was 8.3% (3/36) in the 0 to 5 years age group, 13.3% (8/60) in the 6 to 7 years, 17.2% (10/58) in the 8 to 14 years and 13.3% (8/60) …

Intracellular metabolism and potential cardiotoxicity of a β-D-2'-C-methyl-2,6-diaminopurine ribonucleoside phosphoramidate that inhibits hepatitis C virus replication.

β-D-2'-C-Methyl-2,6-diaminopurine ribonucleoside (2'-C-Me-DAPN) phosphoramidate prodrug (DAPN-PD) is a selective hepatitis C virus inhibitor that is metabolized intracellularly into two active metabolites: 2'-C-Methyl-DAPN triphosphate (2'-C-Me-DAPN-TP) and 2'-C-methyl-guanosine 5'-triphosphate (2'-C-Me-GTP). BMS-986094 and IDX-184 are also bioconverted to 2'-C-Me-GTP. A phase IIb clinical trial with BMS-986094 was abruptly halted due to adverse cardiac and renal effects. Herein, we developed an efficient large scale synthesis of DAPN-PD and determined intracellular pharmacology of DAPN-PD in

Oral prenylation inhibition with lonafarnib in chronic hepatitis D infection: a proof-of-concept randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2A trial.

BACKGROUND: Therapies for chronic hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection are unsatisfactory. Prenylation is essential for HDV and inhibition abrogates HDV production in experimental models. In a proof-of-concept study, we aimed to assess the effect on HDV RNA levels, safety, and tolerability of the prenylation inhibitor lonafarnib in patients with chronic delta hepatitis. METHODS: In this phase 2A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study, patients aged 18 years or older with chronic HDV infection were randomly assigned (3:1 in group 1 and 2:1 in group 2) to receive lonafarnib 100 mg …

Fulminant hepatitis in patients undergoing liver transplantation: evidence for a non-A, non-B, non-C, non-D, and non-E syndrome.

Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) in the absence of serum markers of hepatitis A (HAV) or B (HBV) infection or another cause is called non-A, … l group had HBV serologically, 2 with HBV DNA in serum. One of these 4 also had hepatitis C and one hepatitis D infection. There was no difference in intensive care unit or hospital stay between the groups. The only significant difference in laboratory data was for peak creatinine pre-OLT (0.94 mg/dL in NANB v 1.62 mg/dL; P < .05). Two patients in the NANB gr …

Suboptimal Linkage to Care of Delta-Infected Patients in an Area with Increasing Migration-Driven Prevalence of Hepatitis D in Recent Years.

Background and Aims: Changes in hepatitis delta virus (HDV) epidemiology have been highlighted recently in the context of increasing worldwide migrations. The lack of comprehensive real-world data on HDV in the Valencia region highlights the need for a structured registry to accurately estimate disease prevalence and burden and to generate robust real-world evidence on clinical outcomes and therapeutic effectiveness. We aimed to better understand the barriers for successful HDV patient care in our region by establishing a registry as well as linking previously under-recognized or lost to follo…

Generating hepatitis B and D monitoring indicators in Germany using claims data: number of persons tested, incident and prevalent infections, 2016-2021.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains one of the most common infectious diseases globally and can be exacerbated by coinfection with hepatitis D virus (HDV). In Germany, the incidence of hepatitis is reported annually through mandatory notification data. Nevertheless, these data lack information on hepatitis prevalence and testing coverage. We evaluated whether statutory health insurance claims data are suitable for continuous monitoring of key hepatitis indicators and whether they can complement existing HBV and HDV surveillance with reliable, population-based estimates. METH…

Evolution of liver disease severity and portal hypertension during REP 2139-Mg treatment in 3 patients with chronic hepatitis D : Case reports.

Treatment options for chronic hepatitis D (CHD) are limited in patients who do not respond to recommended treatment with bulevirtide ± pegylated interferon. The use of REP 2139-Mg is a novel treatment option that has recently demonstrated efficacy and safety in phase 2 trials and a compassionate access program that included three patients treated at the Vienna General Hospital with compensated advanced chronic liver disease and clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH). Long-term outcome of CSPH patients treated with REP 2139-Mg is unknown; thus, surrogate endpoints are of interest in

Assessment of self-reported prevalence, vaccination status, knowledge and behavioral determinants of hepatitis B and D in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.

In Pakistan, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) infections remain a major concern. This study assessed the self-reported prevalence, vaccination status, knowledge, risk factors, attitude, and behavioral practices related to both viruses in Pakistan, along with the impact of stigma and cultural norms on disease perception and management. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey, and the data was collected from 980 general Pakistani public (mostly 18-34 age) from January 15 to March 15, 2025. Among respondents, 79.2% were male and 20.8% female, while 58.5% di…

Course and clinical outcomes of chronic hepatitis delta: a longitudinal analysis of 565 patients from the D-SOLVE and HDV-1000 consortia.

BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis delta (CHD) causes severe chronic viral hepatitis. OBJECTIVE: This study examines the predictors and outcomes of CHD course in a large contemporary cohort. DESIGN: CHD patients with ≥3 years follow-up from the multicentre retrospective D-SOLVE and hepatitis D virus (HDV)-1000 database (6 European centres) were enrolled. Longitudinal changes in biochemical and laboratory markers were analysed. Time-to-event analysis was performed and predictors of liver-related events (LREs) were assessed with univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Among…

Best practices for screening, testing, diagnosing, and treating patients with hepatitis D (delta) virus based on global expert review and recent guidelines.

BackgroundHepatitis D virus (HDV) represents the most severe form of human viral hepatitis, associated with rapid progression to cirrhosis and increased liver-related mortality. Globally, an estimated 9-19 million individuals are anti-HDV positive. To ensure early detetion, current guidelines recommend screening all HBsAg-positive individuals or, at a minimum, those with defined risk factors.MethodsThis expert consensus paper updates the current landscape of HDV management. Recommendations were derived from a structured expert panel discussion, incorporating recent evidence and clinical guidel…

Выражение TIGIT на подмножестве клеток естественного убийцы является ранним показателем уменьшения воспаления печени после булевитидного лечения хронического гепатита D.

Бульвиритид (BLV) является романом и единственным утвержденным вариантом лечения пациентов с хроническим гепатитом D (CHD). ПЗВ смягчает воспаление печени на ранней стадии лечения, когда отмечаются лишь незначительные изменения ВДВ в РНК. Мы предположили, что лечение BLV может повлиять на иммунные клетки пациентов с помощью CHD, и провели анализ с высоким разрешением клеток естественного убийцы (NK) до и во время терапии BLV. ПОДХОДЫ И РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: Обработанные ПЗВ пациенты с КХД (n=20) из одноцентральной группы анализировались в продольном направлении на клинические, молекулярные и вирологичес

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Bulevirtide (BLV) is a novel and the only approved treatment option for patients with chronic hepatitis D (CHD). BLV alleviates liver inflammation early during treatment when only minor HDV RNA changes are observed. We hypothesized that BLV treatment may influence immune cells in patients with CHD and performed a high-resolution analysis…

Evaluation and Comparison of Serum Vitamin D Levels between Injection Drug Users with and without Chronic Hepatitis C Infection in Hamadan-Iran.

Background and objective: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes disruption in the metabolism of biochemicals, such as vitamin D, and subsequently alters their serum level via the involvement of the liver. The current study aimed at determining the serum level of vitamin D in injection drug users with chronic HCV infection. Methods:The current case-control study was conducted on 46 injection drug users referred to Imam Khomeini Specialty Clinic in Hamadan City, Iran, between 2017 and 2019, when their HCV infection was diagnosed with HCV PCR test, and 46 healthy injection drug users as the co

Association of hepatitis B vaccine response to vitamin D supplementation and ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure during different time intervals in experimental animals.

The implications of vitamin D deficiency on the immune system have become clearer in recent years, being associated with less immune response following HBV vaccine. We aimed to elucidate the effect of vitamin D supplementation and UVB exposure on short- and long-term performance of hepatitis B vaccine. Forty-five male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups that were immunized with recombinant HBsAg. The first group (group I) represented a negative control group, whereas group III rabbits were administered with commercially available 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D as an alternative for UVB exposure

Determination of hepatitis B, C and D prevalence among urban and Amerindian populations from the Eastern Brazilian Amazon: a cross sectional study.

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HDV in urban populations and Amerindians living in the state of Tocantins (Eastern Amazon). METHODS: A total of 948 individuals were recruited in Tocantinopolis city (Tocantins state) of whom 603 were Amerindians (from 6 tribes) and 345 were non-Amerindians (6 urban areas of Tocantinópolis city). Anti-HCV, HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, anti-HBc IgM, anti-HBe, HBeAg, and anti-delta antibodies were determined using enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: HBV cleared infection (both anti-HBc/anti-HBs+), chronic inactive/immune

A Novel Tricyclic Polyketide, Vanitaracin A, Specifically Inhibits the Entry of Hepatitis B and D Viruses by Targeting Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide.

UNLABELLED: Anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) drugs are currently limited to nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) and interferons. A challenge of drug dev … ctivity. Consistent with this NTCP targeting, antiviral activity of vanitaracin A was observed with hepatitis D virus (HDV) but not hepatitis C virus. Importantly, vanitaracin A inhibited infection by all HBV genotypes tested (genotypes A to D) and clinically relevant NA-resistant HBV isolate. Thus, we identified a fungal metabolite, vanitaracin A, which was …

Vitamin D and chronic hepatitis C: effects on success rate and prevention of side effects associated with pegylated interferon-α and ribavirin.

Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is one of the most common causes of liver diseases worldwide, affecting 3% of the world population and 3 to 4 million people acquire new infection annually. Despite the recent introduction of novel antiviral drugs for the treatment of CHC, these drugs are expensive and the access to them is not an option for many patients. Hence, the traditional therapy by pegylated interferon-α (Peg-IFN-α) and ribavirin may still have a role in the clinical management of CHC especially in developing countries. However, this standard therapy is associated with several severe extra-hep

Transcriptomic implications of low herbicide concentrations in hepatic cells: Insights into the individual and combined effects of 2,4-D, glyphosate, and AMPA.

Glyphosate and 2,4-D are among the most widely used herbicides globally, leading to environmental presence, food contamination, and human contact. Investigations based on current toxicological limits or populational-based herbicide exposures are warranted, and in vitro bioassays provide useful tools for toxicological screening. Thus, this study evaluated the transcriptomic implications of non-cytotoxic exposures to glyphosate, its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), or 2,4-D - or to their mixes - on hepatic cells. The half maximal effective concentration (IC50) of each herbicide was

Exercise attenuates hepatic lipid accumulation via VDR/AMPK-mediated autophagy activation in vitamin D-deficient mice.

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a global health issue associated with hepatic lipid accumulation. Although exercise serves as an effective non-pharmacological intervention for metabolic disorders, its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which exercise attenuates VDD-induced hepatic lipid accumulation. We established a VDD mouse model and applied exercise as an intervention for 12 weeks. To confirm whether AMPK-induced autophagy is mediated by vitamin D receptor (VDR), we knocked down VDR in AML12 cells using lentivirus-mediated VDR sh