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Age- and Body Size-Adjusted Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Dimension in a Japanese Hospital-Based Population.

BACKGROUND: Using the normal values for the East Asian population, we evaluated age- and body size-adjusted left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) and its prognostic impact in a hospital-based population in Japan. METHODS AND RESULTS: We retrospectively analyzed data obtained from 4,444 consecutive patients who had undergone both transthoracic echocardiography and electrocardiography at Kitano Hospital in 2013. Those who presented with a history of previous episodes of myocardial infarction and severe or moderate valvular disease or with low ejection fraction (<50%) were excluded fr

Does nuchal cord at birth increase the risk for cerebral palsy?

BACKGROUND: Nuchal cord is a common finding in pregnancy. It is unclear whether a nuchal cord at birth causes birth asphyxia and raises the risk for developing cerebral palsy of the offspring. AIM: To evaluate the incidence of cerebral palsy in children born with and without nuchal cord. STUDY DESIGN: A population-based cohort analysis including all singleton deliveries over >20 years at a single tertiary medical center was conducted. The incidence of cerebral palsy in children up to 18 years of age was evaluated. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to compare cumulative incidence between t

Effectiveness, Safety, and Economic Comparison of Inhaled Epoprostenol Brands, Flolan and Veletri, in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Background: No previous studies exist examining 2 inhaled epoprostenol formulations in an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patient population. Objective: The study aim was to evaluate a formulary conversion from inhaled Flolan to Veletri to determine the impact on effectiveness, safety, and cost in patients with ARDS. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, matched cohort observational study at a tertiary care academic medical center. Patients included were mechanically ventilated, adult patients with ARDS receiving inhaled Flolan or Veletri for ≥1 hour in the intensive car

Effect of scaling and root planing on gingival crevicular fluid cytokine/chemokine levels in smokers with chronic periodontitis: A systematic review.

In the present study, the impact of scaling and root planing (SRP) on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) cytokine/chemokine levels in smokers with chronic periodontitis was assessed. The PICO (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) question was: In smokers with chronic periodontitis (population), what is the effect of SRP (intervention) in comparison to SRP in non-smokers with chronic periodontitis (comparison) on the GCF cytokine/chemokine level (outcome)? Indexed databases were searched up to September 2017. Of 4330 titles, nine studies reporting the levels of 13 different cytokines/che

The study on facial soft tissue thickness using Han population in Xinjiang.

Facial profile is an important aspect in physical anthropology, forensic science, and cosmetic research. Thus, facial soft tissue measurement technology plays a significant role in facial restoration. A considerable amount of work has investigated facial soft tissue thickness, which significantly varies according to gender, age, and race. However, only few studies have considered the nutritional status of the investigated individuals. Moreover, no sufficient research among Chinese ethnic groups, particularly Xinjiang population in China, is currently available. Hence, the current study investi

Effect of Overweight and Obesity (Defined by Asian-Specific Cutoff Criteria) on Left Ventricular Diastolic Function and Structure in a General Korean Population.

BACKGROUND: Although obesity is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the cutoff of body mass index (BMI) for elevated cardiovascular risk is still controversial in Asian. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the functional and structural changes of the left ventricle (LV) according to the degree of obesity in a general Korean population. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 31,334 apparently healthy Korean adults who underwent echocardiography were enrolled. The study population was stratified into 5 groups according to the degree of obesity classified by the Asian-Pacific

Association of tryptophan hydroxylase-2 polymorphisms with oppositional defiant disorder in a Chinese Han population.

BACKGROUND: Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a behavioral disorder of school-age population. It is well known that 5-HT dysfunction is correlated with impulsivity, which is one of the common characteristics of ODD. The enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH-2) synthesizes 5-HT in serotonergic neurons of the midbrain raphe. The purposes of this study were to investigate the potential association of TPH-2 polymorphisms with susceptibility to ODD in a Han Chinese school population. METHODS: Four polymorphisms (rs4570625, rs11178997, rs1386494 and rs7305115) of the TPH-2 gene were analyzed by

Health Disparities by Type of Disability: Health Examination Results of Adults (18-64 Years) with Disabilities in Shanghai, China.

AIMS: There have been few studies on the disparities within the population with disabilities, especially in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in some health conditions among people with different types of disabilities in Shanghai. METHODS: This study was conducted using data from the Shanghai Disabled Persons' Rehabilitation Comprehensive Information Platform. The records of 31,082 persons with disabilities who had undergone professional health examination were analyzed, and the prevalence and number of five diseases and five risk factors were examined. Logistic reg

Environmental Predictors of US County Mortality Patterns on a National Basis.

A growing body of evidence has found that mortality rates are positively correlated with social inequalities, air pollution, elevated ambient temperature, availability of medical care and other factors. This study develops a model to predict the mortality rates for different diseases by county across the US. The model is applied to predict changes in mortality caused by changing environmental factors. A total of 3,110 counties in the US, excluding Alaska and Hawaii, were studied. A subset of 519 counties from the 3,110 counties was chosen by using systematic random sampling and these samples w

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… Observed versus estimated mortality in 519 counties in the validation set (Set 2) using stepwise regression for five density population groups. … Observed versus estimated mortality in 519 counties in the validation set (Set 2) using stepwise regression for five density population groups. …

High resolution melting analysis of the NR1I3 genetic variants: Is there an association with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia?

Constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) encoded by the nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 (NR1I3) gene regulates the elimination of bilirubin through activating the components of the bilirubin clearance pathway. Hence, NR1I3 genetic variants may affect bilirubin metabolism and result in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Thus far, research which investigates the association between NR1I3 variants and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia has not been undertaken in any population. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of MPJ6_1I3008 (rs10157822), IVS8+116T>G (rs4073054) and 540A>G (rs23

Residential agricultural pesticide exposures and risk of neural tube defects and orofacial clefts among offspring in the San Joaquin Valley of California.

We examined whether early gestational exposures to pesticides were associated with an increased risk of anencephaly, spina bifida, cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP), or cleft palate only. We used population-based data along with detailed information from maternal interviews. Exposure estimates were based on residential proximity to agricultural pesticide applications during early pregnancy. The study population derived from the San Joaquin Valley, California (1997-2006). Analyses included 73 cases with anencephaly, 123 with spina bifida, 277 with CLP, and 117 with cleft palate only

Outcomes following endovascular or open repair for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm in a Chinese population.

To determine whether emergent endovascular repair (eEVAR) can be an alternative for anatomically suitable ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAA) in a Chinese population compared to open aneurysm repair (OAR), 36 patients with RAAA undergoing either OAR or eEVAR in National Taiwan University Hospital from 2005 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty-five (97.2 %) patients were treated. Among them, 20 (57.1 %) were treated by OAR and 15 (42.9 %) by eEVAR. The overall 30-day survival rate was 77.1 %. There was no significant difference in 30-day mortality rate (OAR 15.0 % vs. eEVAR 33.3

Association of TGF-β1 -509 C/T, 29 C/T and 788 C/T gene polymorphisms with chronic periodontitis: a case-control study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between TGF-β1 -509 C/T (rs1800469), 29 C/T (Prol10Leu, rs1800470) and 788 C/T (Thr263Ile, rs1800472) gene polymorphisms and chronic periodontitis (CP) in a sample of Iranian population. This case-control study was conducted on 100 CP patients and 100 healthy unrelated, age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched. Genotyping was performed by tetra amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) technique. Our findings showed that there was a significant difference between the groups regarding TGF-β1 29 C/T

Effective humoral immunity against diphtheria and tetanus in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or myasthenia gravis.

INTRODUCTION: Controversy exists about the effectiveness of vaccine-induced immune response in patients with immunoregulatory disorders. Our aim was to determine the antibody titers to diphtheria and tetanus in patients with either of two autoimmune diseases. METHODS: 279 patients with SLE (205 females, aged 45.0 ± 13.8 years), 158 patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) (101 females, aged 55 ± 18.7 years) and 208 healthy subjects (122 females, aged 48 ± 14.6 years) were enrolled. Serum concentrations of diphtheria-antitoxin-IgG (A-DIPHTH) and tetanus-antitoxoid-IgG (A-TET) were determined with

Clinical investigation of human parvovirus B19 infection after renal transplantation in China.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the incidence of human parvovirus B19 (HPV B19) infection after renal transplantation as well as the risk of anemia and renal allograft damage among infected transplant recipients in China. METHODS: We selected 114 patients at 1-18 months after renal transplantation for detection of HPV B19 DNA copies compared with a control population. Renal function and hematopoiesis were compared between infected and noninfected groups. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients diagnosed with HPV B19 infection during follow-up (18.75%),which was a significantly higher number than among the

[COPD in dairy farmers: screening, characterization and constitution of a cohort. The BALISTIC study].

BACKGROUND: A pilot study from our group suggests that the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among dairy farmers is higher than in the general population although dairy workers are less frequently smokers. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: The study presented here aims at (i) determining the prevalence of COPD in a large and representative population of dairy farmers; (ii) characterizing these patients in terms of smoking habits, dyspnoea, quality of life, lung function, bronchial exhaled nitric oxide, systemic inflammation, arterial stiffness and exercise capacity; (iii) compa

Postnatal development of the rabbit caecal microbiota composition and activity.

This study describes the development of the rabbit caecum microbiota and its metabolic activities from the neonatal (day 2) until the subadult period (day 70). The caecal microbiota was analysed using 16S rRNA gene approaches coupled with capillary electrophoresis single-stranded conformation polymorphism (CE-SSCP) and qPCR. At day 2, rabbits harboured population levels up to 8.4, 7.2 and 7.4 log(10) copy number g(-1) full caecum of the total bacteria, Bacteroides-Prevotella and Firmicutes groups, respectively. These populations reached their maximum levels from day 14 for Firmicutes groups (1

[Intima-media thickness and its relation with the SCORE function in Spain].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) has been proposed for the evaluation of subclinical atherosclerosis as part of the cardiovascular prevention strategy. The objectives are to describe the association between IMT and the presence of other cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors and with CVR estimated by the SCORE function. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Descriptive study in general population through non-probability sampling. There were 1,118 participants to whom we estimated their cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE function. We selected 467 participants wh

Craniofacial growth, maturation, and change: teens to midadulthood.

Despite the attainment of several adult cranial dimensions relatively early in childhood, skeletal maturity and, by consequence, adult form are typically defined by the eruption of the third molars around 17 years of age. This in turn serves as the division between subadults and adults, which is then applied to population studies of biological variation. Specifically, comparative data sets of adult measurements are not directly applied to individuals who do not have complete skeletal growth, as it is believed that the confounding effects of allometry may skew the results. The present study use

Measurement of muscle strength with a handheld dynamometer in patients with chronic spinal muscular atrophy.

OBJECTIVE: To measure muscle strength in patients with spinal muscular atrophy using a handheld dynamometer as an objective tool to evaluate the progression of disease and the outcome of therapeutic trials. DESIGN: Maximum voluntary isometric contraction was measured in a group of 24 patients aged 5-38 years with types II and III spinal muscular atrophy. Four muscle groups were examined. Data were grouped according to age and sex. Comparison was made between spinal muscular atrophy types; ambulatory vs non-ambulatory, and survival motor neuron (SMN)2 copies. The results were compared with tho