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Временная и географическая структура тихоокеанских арбовиров на Эбейе, Республика Маршалловы Острова: выводы, полученные в ходе продольного энтомологического исследования.

Такие трансмиссивы (арбовирусы), как денге, чикунгунья, зика и желтая лихорадка, создают серьезную опасность для здоровья людей во всем мире, причем основными переносчиками передачи людей являются комары из рода эдес. Республика Маршалловы Острова (РМО), в частности урбанизированные районы атоллов Кваджалейна и Маджуро, пережила многочисленные вспышки Денге, Зики и Чикунгунии, что имело серьезные последствия для здоровья людей и экономики. Борьба с векторами остается наиболее эффективным методом снижения риска заболеваний, однако необходимы всеобъемлющие данные о составе, распределении и изоби

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) such as dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever pose significant global health risks, with mosquitoes from the Aedes genus as the primary vectors responsible for human transmission. The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), particularly the urbanized areas of Kwajalein and Majuro atolls, has experienced multiple ou…

Opportunities and Challenges of mRNA and VLP Technologies for Pan-Flavivirus Vaccine Development: Focus on Conserved Quaternary Epitope Conformations.

Mosquito-borne flaviviruses, including Dengue virus (DENV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), West Nile virus (WNV), Yellow fever virus (YFV), and Zika virus (ZIKV), continue to present a significant threat to public health worldwide. In 2024, these viruses accounted for 11,717 reported cases in the United States and more than 7.6 million cases globally. As of early 2025, according to CDC data, 1830 cases of dengue had already been reported, with 1584 transmitted locally within the U.S. Despite the considerable burden that these diseases pose, no specific antiviral treatments exist. A very li…

AMPK-Orchestrated Metabolic Reprogramming in Some Flavivirus Infections: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.

5'-Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the principal cellular energy sensor that coordinates metabolic adaptation by balancing anabolic and catabolic pathways in response to energic stress. Beyond its canonical role in maintaining energy homeostasis, AMPK has emerged as a central regulator of host-pathogen interactions by integrating lipid metabolism, autophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative stress, and innate immune signaling. Flaviviruses, including dengue virus, Zika virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and yellow fever virus, extensively remodel h…

Cerebral schistosomiasis in a Nigerian patient with end-stage kidney disease.

Cerebral schistosomiasis is an uncommon, probably less recognised, but serious neurological complication of Schistosoma infection. Its diagnosis is often delayed due to nonspecific clinical presentations and imaging findings. We report the case of a 29-year-old Nigerian male with end-stage kidney disease on dialysis who presented with headaches, fever, generalised seizures, and left-side emiplegia. His brain MRI revealed a contrast-enhancing right frontotemporal mass lesion with surrounding oedema and midline shift, initially suggestive of a cerebral abscess. Empirical treatment with antibioti

TAK-003: development of a tetravalent dengue vaccine.

INTRODUCTION: Dengue incidence has increased over the past few decades. One tetravalent dengue vaccine based on a yellow fever backbone has been approved, but due to increased risk of severe disease in dengue-naïve recipients, its use is limited to individuals with prior dengue exposure. AREAS COVERED: We summarize the clinical development of TAK-003, a tetravalent dengue vaccine based on a live-attenuated DENV-2 backbone. We discuss vaccine development and preclinical and clinical work leading to a commercially available formulation. TAK-003 is approved in several countries and the WHO-SAGE …

Vaccination Coverage and Adherence to Scheduling in Children Aged 0 to 18 Months: Effects of COVID-19 and Age.

UNLABELLED: Vaccination in Peru began 50 years ago as part of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), which has proven effective in savi … nce rates also declined over time (2018: 65.82% to 2022: 61.77%). The most affected vaccine was the yellow fever vaccine. Coverage did not reach protective population levels, while adherence has averaged 85.06% since 2018. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 negatively influenced compliance with the vaccination schedule and adherence.

Deadliest Animals with the Thinnest Wings: Near-Infrared Properties of Tropical Mosquitoes.

Tropical mosquitoes transmit diseases like malaria, yellow fever, and Zika. Classifying mosquitoes by species, sex, age, and gravidity offers vital insights for assessing transmission risk and effective mitigations. Photonic monitoring for mosquito classification can be used in distributed sensors or lidars on longer ranges. However, a reflectance model and its parameters are lacking in the current literature. This study investigates mosquitoes of different species, sexes, age groups, and gravidity states, and reports metric pathlengths of wing chitin, body melanin, and water. We use hyperspec…

Opportunities in multiscale modeling of mosquito-borne flaviviruses.

Mosquito-borne flaviviruses, such as Zika, dengue, West Nile, and yellow fever virus, represent a growing public health concern due to their widespread distribution and the severe diseases they cause. These viruses are difficult to control as climate change and urbanization help mosquitoes expand into new areas, increasing the risk of outbreaks. Mathematical models play a key role in understanding their spread, providing insights at every level-from how the virus multiplies inside cells to how it circulates through entire populations. This review examines various approaches used in modeling ar…

Histiocytic sarcoma following CAR T-cell therapy: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Development of secondary tumor after CART treatment is not well investigated. We report a pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patient who developed histiocytic sarcoma shortly after CART therapy. CASE REPORT: A 9-year-old boy diagnosed with relapsed B-ALL presenting the KRAS A146T mutation received autologous mouse-derived CD19 and CD22 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy at our center (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2000032211). Thirty days post-CART therapy, the bone marrow showed complete remission. At 85 days post-CART therapy, the boy presented

Genomic Analysis of Aedes aegypti in the Northern Chihuahuan Desert of Texas and Mexico.

Background: Aedes aegypti, is the primary vector of dengue, Chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever viruses. Both natural and human-impacted landscapes have selective pressures on Ae. aegypti, resulting in strong genomic structure even within close geographical distances. Materials and Methods: We assess the genetic structure of this medically important mosquito species at the northern leading edge of their distribution in Southwestern USA. Ae. aegypti were collected during 2017 in the urban communities of El Paso and Sparks, Texas (USA) and in the city of Ciudad Juárez, Mexico. Results: Thousands…

Profiling of Early Immune Responses to Vaccination Using THP-1-Derived Dendritic Cells.

The COVID-19 pandemic has made assessing vaccine efficacy more challenging. Besides neutralizing antibody assays, systems vaccinology studie … dritic cell (TDDC) model and stimulate their maturation in vitro with an optimal dose of attenuated yellow fever 17D (YF-17D). Transcriptomic analysis reveals that type I interferon (IFN-I)-induced immunity plays a key role in dendritic cells. IFN-I regulatory biomarkers (IRF7, SIGLEC1) and IFN-I-inducible biomarkers (IFI27, IFI44, IFIT1, IFIT3, ISG15, MX1, OA …

Diagnosis of pulmonary lophomoniasis in an elderly anthracosis patient with resistant respiratory symptoms: A literature review and a case report study.

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Anthracosis causes chronic lung inflammation and immunodeficiency, which are associated with parasitic conditions like lophomonas. Healthcare providers must consider both anthracosis and pulmonary lophomoniasis when evaluating patients with respiratory symptoms, as early detection and treatment can lead to better outcomes for affected individuals. Proper diagnosis and management of these conditions can help prevent complications and improve overall lung health. ABSTRACT: Anthracosis is a chronic pulmonary disease characterized by black pigmentation of the bronchial mucos

Rancid rumors or Native wisdom: Evaluating the efficacy of animal fats as insect repellents attributed to historic-period Native Americans.

Little is known about Native American adaptations to blood-sucking arthropods prior to and following European contact. Multiple accounts sta … s derived from alligator, bear, cod, and shark that were aged to various stages of rancidity. Using yellow fever mosquitoes, (Aedes aegypti), we performed an arm-in-cage assay to measure the complete protection times resulted from these fats, when applied to human skin. We used a Y-tube olfactometer assay to evaluate long-distance repellency and tested tick-re …

Characteristics of a Spray-Dried Porcine Blood Meal for Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes.

Research into mosquito-borne illnesses faces hurdles because feeding fresh animal blood to rear female mosquitoes presents logistical, economic, and safety challenges. In this study, a shelf-stable additive (spray-dried porcine blood; SDPB) hypothesized to supply accessible hemoglobin was evaluated within an alternative meal (AM) containing whey powder and PBS for rearing the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti. LC-MS/MS proteomics, microbial assays, and particle reduction techniques confirmed and characterized the functionality of hemoglobin in SDPB, while engorgement, fecundity, egg viabilit…

Tracking arboviruses, their transmission vectors and potential hosts by nanopore sequencing of mosquitoes.

The risk to human health from mosquito-borne viruses such as dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever is increasing due to increased human expansion, deforestation and climate change. To anticipate and predict the spread and transmission of mosquito-borne viruses, a better understanding of the transmission cycle in mosquito populations is needed. We present a pathogen-agnostic combined sequencing protocol for identifying vectors, viral pathogens and their hosts or reservoirs using portable Oxford Nanopore sequencing. Using mosquitoes collected in São Paulo, Brazil, we extracted RNA for virus ident…

Strengthening surveillance, disease detection, and outbreak response through Guinea-Bissau's Frontline Field Epidemiology Training Program: a cross-sectional descriptive study.

INTRODUCTION: the goal of the Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETP) - Frontline is to strengthen the country's surveillance capacity at … to priority health emergencies, including clusters or outbreaks of Zika, microencephalies, dengue, yellow fever, anthrax, malaria, and tuberculosis. CONCLUSION: Guinea-Bissau's FETP - Frontline program provides a practical example of an effective strategy to strengthen health systems through a well-prepared workforce trained to quickly detect and respond to …

Mosquitoes Larvicidal Activity of Ocimum kilimandscharicum Oil Formulation under Laboratory and Field-Simulated Conditions.

Mosquitoes are vectors of many severe diseases, including malaria, yellow as well as dengue fever, and lymphatic filariasis. The use of synthetic chemical insecticides for mosquito control has been associated with resistance development and detrimental human, and ecological effects. For a safer alternative, the emulsified Ocimum kilimandscharicum oil formulation was evaluated for its larvicidal activity. The oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The formulations were evaluated against third instar mosquito larvae in the laboratory and later compared with Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis a

Riboflavin, a Potent Neuroprotective Vitamin: Focus on Flavivirus and Alphavirus Proteases.

Several neurotropic viruses are members of the flavivirus and alphavirus families. Infections caused by these viruses may cause long-term neurological sequelae in humans. The continuous emergence of infections caused by viruses around the world, such as the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) (Alphavirus genus), the zika virus (ZIKV) and the yellow fever virus (YFV) (both of the Flavivirus genus), warrants the development of new strategies to combat them. Our study demonstrates the inhibitory potential of the water-soluble vitamin riboflavin against NS2B/NS3pro of ZIKV and YFV and nsP2pro of CHIKV. Ribo…

Evolutionary consequences of vector-borne transmission: how using vectors shapes host, vector and pathogen evolution.

Transmission mode is a key factor that influences host–parasite coevolution. Vector-borne pathogens are among the most important disease agents for humans and wildlife due to their broad distribution, high diversity, prevalence and lethality. They comprise some of the most important and widespread human pathogens, such as yellow fever, leishmania and malaria. Vector-borne parasites (in this review, those transmitted by blood-feeding Diptera) follow unique transmission routes towards their vertebrate hosts. Consequently, each part of this tri-partite (i.e. parasite, vector and host) interaction…

Community Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Mosquitoes and Mosquito-Borne Viral Diseases in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Mosquito-borne viral diseases (MBVDs) create a dramatic health situation worldwide. There is a need to improve th … the most mentioned as mosquito breeding places. Among 86.6% of the respondents that had heard about yellow fever, 12% knew that it is an MBVD. The majority of respondents (72.5%) were perceived to be at risk of contracting MBVD. Environment sanitation (58%) and insecticide use (25%) were among the measures implemented to control mosquitoes. The greater overall …