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Management of maxillofacial infections: a review of 50 cases.

Maxillofacial infections often place the oral and maxillofacial surgeon in situations where timely decisions have to be made. These decisions can be life-saving. This study reviews 50 infections treated over a 3-year period. The results reveal rapid resolution of the infections by adhering to fundamental principles in their management: recognition of airway compromise, surgical intervention, and the administration of the appropriate antibiotic. A protocol for the management of maxillofacial infections is described.

Musculoskeletal Chronic Graft versus Host Disease-A Rare Complication to Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Case-Based Report and Review of the Literature.

Musculoskeletal graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a rare manifestation of chronic GVHD (cGVHD) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Left untreated, the disease can cause extensive damage to muscle tissue and joints. We describe a 62-year-old male with musculoskeletal GVHD and generalized muscle pain and stiffness. In addition, we performed a systemic literature review based on published cases of musculoskeletal GVHD between 1983 and 2019. We identified 85 cases, 62% male and 38% female with an age of 4-69 years and median age of 39 years at diagnosis. The

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… Strategy of Search and Data Sources We performed a systematic search of the PubMed database using variations of the keywords “musculoskeletal”, “graft versus host disease”, and “GVHD”, as well as “myositis” and “fasciitis”. … Musculoskeletal manifestation comes in a variety of forms, such as myositis, fasciitis, joint stiffness, and contractures [ 4 ]. …

Skin Hypopigmentation in Hematology Disorders.

Hypopigmentation disorders pose significant diagnostic challenges in dermatology, sometimes reflecting underlying hematological conditions. This review explores the clinical presentations related to hypopigmentation in hematological disorders, focusing on vitiligo, morphea, and syndromic albinism. Vitiligo, an autoimmune disorder targeting melanocytes, involves interactions between genetic polymorphisms and immune responses, particularly regarding CD8+ T cells and IFN-γ. Drug-induced vitiligo, notably by immune checkpoint inhibitors and small-molecule targeted anticancer therapies, underscores

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… Deep Morphea Deep morphea features’ involvement beyond subcutaneous fat may clinically resemble eosinophilic fasciitis, a distinct fibrosing disorder with rapid clinical progression. … Manifestations may also resemble eosinophilic fasciitis in certain cases. Moreover, chronic GVHD affecting the skin may present with hypopigmentation or vitiligo-like manifestations [ 52 ]. …

Epidemiology of an upsurge of invasive group A streptococcal infections in Ireland, 2012-2015.

OBJECTIVES: Group A streptococcus (GAS) is responsible for mild to very severe disease. The epidemiology of an upsurge in invasive GAS (iGAS) infections in Ireland, 2012-2015 was investigated. METHODS: Epidemiological typing of iGAS (n = 473) isolates was performed and compared to non-invasive (n = 517) isolates. Clinical data of notified iGAS was obtained from the national infectious disease information system. RESULTS: Annual incidences of iGAS cases (n = 561) were 2.33-3.66 per 100,000 population. Bacteraemia was the most common clinical presentation (75%) followed by focus without bacter

Pseudomonas otitidis Bacteremia in a Patient with Cancer during the Palliative-care Phase.

Pseudomonas otitidis bacteremia is rare. We herein report a case of bacteremia caused by P. otitidis in a patient with advanced appendiceal cancer. A 79-year-old Japanese man developed infection when he was admitted to our hospital for palliative care. Blood culture revealed the presence of Pseudomonas spp. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to identify the organism accurately. The patient was treated with a two-week course of piperacillin/tazobactam, and the bacteremia was successfully controlled. Clinicians should be aware that P. otitidis c

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… Infections other than ear infections are rare, but necrotizing fasciitis and panperitonitis have been reported ( 6 ). To date, only two cases of bacteremia caused by P. otitidis have been reported in immunocompromised patients ( 7 , 8 ). … In addition, severe infections, such as necrotizing fasciitis and diffuse peritonitis, have been reported ( 6 ). Two cases of bacteremia have been reported previously. …

Determinants and Clinical Significance of Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Patients With Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease.

Musculoskeletal symptoms in chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) are rare manifestations contributing to disease burden. This study assesses the frequency of muscle cramps, joint and muscle aches, and muscle weakness in a cohort of patients severely affected by cGVHD. Three hundred thirty-four patients participated in the NCI natural history study of cGVHD (NCT00092235) from October 2004 to March 2017. Five-point Lee cGVHD Symptom Scale was dichotomized (less symptom bother-0, 1, 2; severe symptom bother-3, 4) and tested for associations with: Short Form 36 (SF36), 2-minute walk test, gri

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… Diagnostic features of musculoskeletal cGVHD are fasciitis, joint stiffness, and contractures, whereas distinctive features include myositis and polymyositis. … Muscle cramps and weakness secondary to graft versus host disease fasciitis. Eur J Neurol. 2005;12:320–322. 21. Trivedi MH. The link between depression and physical symptoms. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry [Internet]. 2004;6(Suppl 1):12–6. 22. Vassend O, Røysamb E, Nielsen CS, et al. …

Plagues in the ICU: a brief history of community-acquired epidemic and endemic transmissible infections leading to intensive care admission.

The ability to diagnose and treat infectious diseases and handle infectious disease outbreaks continues to improve. For the most part, the major plagues of antiquity remain historical footnotes, yet, despite many advances, there is clear evidence that major pandemic illness is always just one outbreak away. In addition to the HIV pandemic, the smaller epidemic outbreaks of Legionnaire's disease, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, and severe acute respiratory syndrome, among many others, points out the potential risk associated with a lack of preplanning and preparedness. Although pandemic influenz

Distribution and sequence variations of selected virulence genes among group A streptococcal isolates from western Norway.

In order to compare the distribution of selected virulence genes among group A streptococci recovered from invasive disease and superficial infections, 42 isolates were screened for mga, speB, speA, ssa and ska, by PCR. The isolates were predominantly of the sequence types emm1, emm3 and emm6, but also included a few of the types emm22, emm28, emm75 and emm78. The phage-mediated speA seemed to be prevalent in emm types 1 and 3, and its distribution was not related to disease severity. The other genes were present in all isolates. The mga, speB and speA were further studied by sequence analysis

Scleredema of Buschke: 2 cases with a remarkable response to treatment of the underlying paraprotein.

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… Clinically, differentiation from scleroderma, eosinophilic fasciitis, and scleromyxedema is essential (the latter is also associated with monoclonal gammopathy and increased intradermal mucin on histopathology, see Table I ). … Table I Differentiating sclerotic skin conditions: key diagnostic investigations for scleredema of Buschke, scleroderma, eosinophilic fasciitis, and scleromyxedema Condition | Paraprotein association | Other diagnostic features and investigations | Histologic features Scleredema of Buschke | • Often …

[A New Case of Fournier's Gangrene Caused by Actinotignum schaalii].

Actinotignum schaalii (formerly known as Actinobaculum schaalii) is an anaerobic or facultative anaerobic gram-positive bacillus that can be … .schaalii has been reported very rarely so far. Fournier's gangrene has been defined as necrotizing fasciitis of the external genitalia, perineal and perianal region. Diabetes, immunosuppression, peripheral vascular disease, urethral anomalies, chronic alcoholism and smoking are important predisposing factors. In addition, approximately 25% of the cases hav …

Antibody orientation at bacterial surfaces is related to invasive infection.

Several of the most significant bacterial pathogens in humans, including Streptococcus pyogenes, express surface proteins that bind IgG antibodies via their fragment crystallizable (Fc) region, and the dogma is that this protects the bacteria against phagocytic killing in blood. However, analysis of samples from a patient with invasive S. pyogenes infection revealed dramatic differences in the presence and orientation of IgG antibodies at the surface of bacteria from different sites. In the throat, IgG was mostly bound to the bacterial surface via Fc, whereas in the blood IgG was mostly bound

Risk Factors for Severe Pediatric Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease.

IMPORTANCE: An increase in pediatric cases of invasive group A streptococcus (iGAS) disease was noted in the Netherlands starting in early 2 … ; 95% CI, 3.88-35.60), meningitis or encephalitis (IRR, 12.30; 95% CI, 4.14-52.70), and necrotizing fasciitis (IRR, 26.10; 95% CI, 5.14-475.00). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study, risk factors for a complicated course of iGAS in children included pulmonary or central nervous system involvement, STSS, reduced consciousness or pulmonary clinica …

[Treatment of open abdomen combined with entero-atmospheric fistula: A retrospective study].

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the course and outcome of patients with combined entero-atmospheric fistulas in open abd … abdominal cavity bleeding, four of pulmonary infection, one of airway bleeding, one of necrotizing fasciitis, and one of traumatic brain injury). The remaining 191 underwent definitive surgery at our hospital. The patients who underwent definitive surgery were predominantly male (156 patients, 81.7%); their age was (46.5±2.5) years. Trauma and gastrointest …

Сепсис, вызванный Clostridium Perfringens у женщины пожилого возраста, больной раком груди: доклад по делу.

ЦЕЛЬ: Сообщить о редком случае заболевания раком груди, у которого септический шок и множественные повреждения органов. В нем анализируются клинические характеристики, патогенные факторы и прогноз, связанные с смешанной инфекцией, вызванной Clostridium perfringens и Escherichia coli, в целях обеспечения основы для раннего выявления и вмешательства аналогичных клинических случаев. МЕТОДЫ: Был проведен ретроспективный анализ клинических данных 75-year-old Женщина, больная раком груди, которая также страдала гипертонией и диабетом. Были резюмированы клинические проявления, результаты этиологическ

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… Letaler verlauf einer fulminanten nekrotisierenden fasziitis und Clostridium-perfringens -Infektion nach resektion eines Weichteil-Sarkoms [Fatal necrotizing fasciitis with clostridium perfringens infection following resection of soft tissue sarcoma of the thigh] . … Fulminant non-traumatic Clostridium perfringens necrotizing fasciitis and myonecrosis in a child with acute myeloid leukemia . J Infect Public Health . 2025 ; 18 ( 3 ): 102635 . doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102635 39813966 33. Yu SK , Cui ZY , Liu L , et al. …

Infectious Diseases

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… For severe erysipelas with fevers and chills , consider ceftriaxone 1 g IV q24h or cefazolin 1–2 g IV q8h ×5–14 days Specific Entities Necrotizing Fasciitis types — type 1 (polymicrobial infections including Enterococci, E. coli , non-group A Streptococcus , Klebsiella , anaerobes. … Plain X-ray to check for gas with type 1 necrotizing fasciitis. CT or MRI maybe useful. Early deep incisional biopsy is gold standard treatments —urgent surgical debridement of all necrotic tissue. Consider IVIG if significant hypotension in Group A S treptococcus necrotizing fasciitis. …

Single Amino Acid Replacements in RocA Disrupt Protein-Protein Interactions To Alter the Molecular Pathogenesis of Group A Streptococcus.

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a human-specific pathogen and major cause of disease worldwide. The molecular pathogenesis of GAS, like many pathogens, is dependent on the coordinated expression of genes encoding different virulence factors. The control of virulence regulator/sensor (CovRS) two-component system is a major virulence regulator of GAS that has been extensively studied. More recent investigations have also involved regulator of Cov (RocA), a regulatory accessory protein to CovRS. RocA interacts, in some manner, with CovRS; however, the precise molecular mechanism is unknown. Here,

[Managing children skin and soft tissue infections].

The skin infections are common in pediatrics, ranging from furonculosis or impetigo to the severe forms of necrotizing dermohypodermitis. The general antibiotic treatments are not always indicated but when they are, they must take into account the resistance of two main species of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes), the pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamic parameters and the severity and type of infection. Two situations should be treated by topical treatements: limited impetigo and furonculosis. The two topical antibiotics used preferentially are mupirocine and fucidic ac

Long-term safety and efficacy of the fully human CAR-T therapy CT103A in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

CT103A is a fully human chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) product for targeting B cell maturation antigen. This study presents the updated safety and efficacy profiles of CT103A in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) after long-term follow-up. As of July 31, 2023, the median follow-up time after CAR-T cell infusion was 45.0 months (range, 0.7-58.3 months). During long-term follow-up, the incidence of adverse events gradually decreased over time. One patient had a maximum duration of response of nearly 5 years. All 18 patients (100%) achieved partial remission or be

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… a Pulmonary infection 3 (16.7%) 6 (33.3%) 2 (11.1%) 6 (33.3%) 2 (11.1%) 2 (11.1%) Urinary tract infection 0 5 (27.8%) 0 4 (22.2%) 0 2 (11.1%) Anal cryptitis 0 1 (5.6%) 0 1 (5.6%) 0 0 Herpes zoster 2 (11.1%) 3 (16.7%) 2 (11.1%) 3 (16.7%) 0 0 Herpes virus infection 0 1 (5.6%) 0 1 (5.6%) 0 0 Necrotic fasciitis … Events Grade Days post infusion 01-001 pulmonary infection 3 101 01-001 herpes zoster 3 108 01-001 pulmonary infection 3 698 01-002 pulmonary infection 3 82 01-009 septic shock 5 361 01-016 herpes zoster 3 65 01-019 appendicitis 3 161 01-024 cellulitis 3 205 01-024 necrotic fasciitis 3 223 Table 3 Severe …

Rare Diseases of the Orbit.

This article provides an overview of rare orbital diseases. Congenital malformations, inflammatory diseases, benign and malignant neoplasias are described. Although it represents a relatively small area of the body the orbit contains multiple different tissues. Therefore, a great variety of diseases can be found within the orbital space. That is the reason, why both the completeness and the level of detail in the description of particular diseases must be somewhat limited. Nevertheless, clinical manifestations, important aspects of diagnosis, treatment strategies, and, when specific data are a

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… Necrotizing fasciitis of the orbit is an ophthalmological emergency but quite rare because of the good blood supply. … Fig. 7 Necrotizing fasciitis of the left orbit in an 83-year-old female patient; no risk factors, mixed infection with Streptococcus pyogenes , MRSA, Aspergillus fumigatus . a Clinical findings at presentation. b Coronary CT scan of the paranasal sinuses (soft tissue window) with inhibition of the orbital …

Invasive group A streptococcal disease in pregnant women and young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of invasive disease caused by group A streptococcus (GAS) has increased in multiple countries in the past 15 years … ally sterile site, or isolation of S pyogenes from a non-sterile site in a patient with necrotising fasciitis or streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. For inclusion in pooled incidence estimates, studies had to report a population denominator, and for inclusion in pooled estimates of case fatality risk, studies had to report aggregate data on the outcome of i …