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Esophageal disease in AIDS is associated with pathologic processes rather than mucosal human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Twenty-five patients with AIDS and esophageal symptoms were evaluated for the presence of esophageal disease and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the esophageal mucosa. A single infectious process caused by Candida albicans, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, or Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex or a single noninfectious process caused by Kaposi's sarcoma or reflux esophagitis was identified in 20 patients. Two processes were identified in 5 patients. HIV-1 mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization in mononuclear cells in esophageal lamina pr…

Management of oral health in persons with HIV infection.

Prevention and treatment of oral disease is required to maintain quality of life and to improve prognosis of patients infected with the huma … ed. This article reviews the management of oral candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, and infections with herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus. The management of Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphomas, aphthous ulceration, gangrenous stomatitis, bleeding, xerostomia, and adverse drug reactions is also described. Treatment should avoid further immunos …

Prevention of herpes keratitis by monoclonal antibodies specific for discontinuous and continuous epitopes on glycoprotein D.

Seven monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific for defined discontinuous and continuous epitopes on glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were surveyed for their capacity to protect against virus-induced corneal disease in a murine ocular infection model. A known amount of purified mAb was transferred passively to BALB/c mice 24 hr after topical infection with HSV-1 on their scarified corneas. At high doses (50-136 micrograms), all seven mAbs protected against the development of persistent necrotizing stromal keratitis. Significant protection was also observed at low doses (20 micr…

Relationship of viral infection to malignancies.

The epidemiologic features and the biologic mechanisms of the oral tumor viruses have been clarified during the period under review. The use of more sensitive detection methods has confirmed that the prevalence of papillomaviruses in the mouth in patients with various lesions, as well as in healthy individuals, is high. Mechanisms by which papillomaviruses are regulated by cells and by which they may control cell behavior have been described. Herpes simplex virus has been shown to induce a variety of mutations in cells. Human herpesvirus type 6 has been found in oral tissues of a number of hea…

Complications of penetrating keratoplasty: graft infections.

Microbial infection of a corneal transplant is a complication that is a bane to all corneal surgeons, the sequelae of which can be devastati … ch the patient was originally grafted. Two notable pathogens in this group include Acanthamoeba and herpes simplex.

Вирусные инфекции у больных СПИДом.

Инфекции вирусов широко распространены среди пациентов с приобретенным синдромом иммунной недостаточности (СПИД). Вирусы могут иметь две разные связи с вирусом иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ); они могут быть оппортунистами, если второй вирус использует пониженную иммунную функцию в принимающей стране или они могут выступать в качестве софакторов для ускорения темпов развития СПИДа. Вирусы, действующие в качестве оппортунистов, могут не вызывать никаких симптомов или представлять угрозу для жизни. Некоторые из них, включая герпес simpex, варицелла зостер, цитомегаловир и вирус Эпштейн-Барр, могут

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Virus infections are common in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Viruses can have two distinct relationships with hu … Viruses acting as opportunists may cause no symptoms or may be life-threatening. Several, including herpes simplex, varicella zoster, cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, can be treated with antiviral agents. Before concluding that a virus can act as a co-factor for HIV, several other possible relationships must be excluded including opportunism, co-parameter …

Early experience of heart-lung transplantation.

We report our experience of heart-lung transplantation for the treatment of children with terminal respiratory disease. Between May 1987 and … f the five patients had episodes of infection after operation. These were staphylococcal pneumonia, herpes simplex pneumonitis and, in one of the patients with cystic fibrosis, persistent purulent sputum. The mean number of episodes of rejection per child was 2.7 per half year. Heart-lung transplantation is a practical treatment for children in these disease gro …

Recombinant human gamma interferon enhances in vitro activation of lymphocytes isolated from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Decreased responses to antigens and lectins are a characteristic feature of peripheral blood lymphocytes isolated from patients with the acq … by IFN-gamma in cultures derived from normal donors. Proliferation to microbial antigens including herpes simplex virus, cytomegalo virus, and Candida albicans was increased by IFN-gamma in cultures established from a group of AIDS patients with Kaposi's sarcoma who had no history of opportunistic infection.

Chronic stress, leukocyte subpopulations, and humoral response to latent viruses.

Psychological stress has been shown to affect immune system status and function, but most studies of this relationship have focused on acute … wer B lymphocytes, T-suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes, and natural killer cells. Antibody titers to herpes simplex were significantly different across groups as well, whereas titers to nonlatent rubella virus as well as IgG and IgM levels were comparable.

Long-term persistence of intrathecal viral antibody responses in postinfectious diseases of the central nervous system and in Rett syndrome.

Twenty patients: seven with herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE), six with other severe central nervous system (CNS) infections and 7 with Rett syndrome were studied to determine whether they showed any intrathecal synthesis of virus-specific or total IgG in CNS. The study of the postinfectious patients was made a mean of 20 years after the primary infection in childhood. Four of seven patients with HSVE had an elevated IgG index and four showed intrathecal viral antibody production which was both specific (against HSV) and non-specific. One patient with congenital syphilis and one with tu…

Enhancement of Epstein-Barr virus gene expression by other herpesviruses.

We examined the effect of infection by other herpesviruses on the induction of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigens. Raji cells were infected with a variety of viruses before superinfection with P3HR-1 virus 6 h later. Much earlier and greater synthesis of EBV antigens was observed in herpesvirus (herpes simplex virus type 1, type 2 and pseudorabies virus)-infected Raji cells than in mock-infected Raji cells prior to superinfection with P3HR-1 virus, as determined by indirect immunofluorescence tests or immunoprecipitation and PAGE. Although infection with a temperature-sensitive mutant of pseudo…

Photodynamic inactivation of influenza and herpes viruses by hematoporphyrin.

Hematoporphyrin (HP), at concentrations as low as 0.5 microgram/ml, was found to inhibit the in vitro replication of influenza A and herpes simplex viruses, but not of several other viruses. The effect required exposure of the viruses or cells to visible light and was demonstrable when HP was administered shortly before virus inoculation or during the infection. In studies on the mechanism of action of HP, we found that in the presence of light, HP caused decomposition of GMP but not of various other nucleosides. It caused breakdown of yeast tRNA and inhibited polymerization of RNA and DNA by …

Immune functions in healthy blood donors with HLA-DW2 and -DW3 antigens.

We compared healthy blood donors with and without HLA-Dw2 and -Dw3 in immunity assays, the results of which have been found to be abnormal in multiple sclerosis or autoimmune diseases. Tests included lymphocyte blast transformation responses to rubella, mumps and purified tuberculin (PPD), in vitro production of IgG and interferons, natural killer (NK) cell function and measurement of serum antibodies to measles, rubella, mumps and herpes simplex viruses. HLA-Dw2-positive subjects had a lower lymphocyte blast transformation response to rubella virus antigen and a lower NK cell function compare…

In vivo corneal and conjunctival epithelial nuclear stain.

Epithelium plays a very important structural and functional role in the cornea and conjunctiva. Evaluation of the epithelium is the first st … als. This technique may also be applicable to human eyes for discerning such diseases as carcinoma, herpes simplex, or superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis.

TORCH serologies and specific IgM antibody determination in acquired and congenital infections.

Except for rubella testing, routine TORCH serology screens in prenatal care are of little use. Individual TORCH tests may, however, be useful based on the clinical presentation and history of the patient. The laboratory test of choice for diagnosing cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections is culture isolation for the virus. The presence for specific IgM antibodies in neonates is diagnostic of congenital infection. In adults, IgM antibody results should be interpreted along with the clinical findings and history of the patient. IgM antibodies may persist for months and e…

Alopecia in mice infected with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV).

When mouse cytomegalovirus was injected subcutaneously into 4-12 day old CDI mice there was infection of dermal cells and the dermal papilla … dase was mixed with the virus inoculum. These experiments show that cytomegalovirus, in contrast to herpes simplex and varicella-zoster viruses, infects dermal but not epidermal cells, and that dermal tropism is age-restricted.

Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with renal allografts.

Disseminated tuberculosis occurred in 2 allograft recipients of kidneys procured on the same donor. Both recipients were treated by low dose prednisolone and azathioprine, and one of them was on a special protocol including antilymphocyte globulins as rejection prophylaxis. None of them experienced acute rejection. The early posttransplant period was uneventful except for the occurrence of mild viral infections in both cases (herpes simplex virus in case 1 and cytomegalovirus in case 2). 2 and 6 months after transplantation, respectively, patient 1 developed acute fever, asthenia, and disorien…

The binding of insulin to mouse leucocytes during viral infections.

The effect of viral infections on insulin binding in vivo was evaluated by measuring the binding of 125I-insulin to several different tissues. We found that splenic leucocytes from mice infected with either the diabetogenic (D) or non-diabetogenic (B) variants of encephalomyocarditis virus, herpes simplex virus, or lactic dehydrogenase virus showed up to a 130% increase in insulin binding. As much as a 300% increase in the binding of 125I-insulin to splenic leucocytes was observed in mice given bacterial lipopolysaccharide. In neither virus-infected nor lipopolysaccharide-treated mice was ther…

Acute encephalitis of viral origin.

75 patients with acute encephalitis of confirmed or suggestive viral or virus-like etiology showed a predominance of herpes simplex virus (HSV) as an etiological agent (13.3-32.0%) in all age groups without seasonal variation and increasing in number during years. Mumps, occurring mainly in female patients, was next in order and thereafter coxsackievirus B, varicella-zoster, and adenoviruses, followed by multiple coincident infections, and a large number of occasional agents. HSV seems to have displaced tick-borne encephalitis virus as the major cause of acute encephalitis in Finland. Pregnanc…

Corneal ulcers in corneal transplants.

Twenty-nine eyes, representing an infection rate of 4.9%, developed corneal ulcers following corneal transplant surgery; 26 with available data are presented. All occurred in the graft or at the wound margin. The median postoperative time to ulcer development was 5.5 months. All eyes were on topical steroids when the ulcer developed. Other associated factors were: loose sutures, bandage lenses and eyes grafted for herpes simplex keratitis. Ninety percent of the ulcers had one or more of these factors. Positive cultures for organisms were obtained in 75% and positive gram stain in 68% of the ul…