Результаты поиска

The field effect transistor DNA biosensor based on ITO nanowires in label-free hepatitis B virus detecting compatible with CMOS technology.

In this paper the field-effect transistor DNA biosensor for detecting hepatitis B virus (HBV) based on indium tin oxide nanowires (ITO NWs) in label free approach has been fabricated. Because of ITO nanowires intensive conductance and functional modified surface, the probe immobilization and target hybridization were increased strongly. The high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) measurement showed that ITO nanowires were crystalline and less than 50nm in diameter. The single-stranded hepatitis B virus DNA (SS-DNA) was immobilized as probe on the Au-modified nanowires. The DNA

Genomics and molecular genetics of Clonorchis sinensis: current status and perspectives.

Clonorchiasis caused by Clonorchis sinensis is an important foodborne parasitosis of humans and animals, and is predominantly a hepatobiliary disease. Globally, nearly 35 million people were infected with C. sinensis, with approximately 15 million being in China. Patients would chronically present fatigue, jaundice, abdominal discomfort, along with the increased risk of developing into a form of cholangiocarcinoma that is fatal to humans. Treatment of clonorchiasis by praziquantel has been very successful, but this is dependent on early accurate diagnosis and correct species identification. Th

Detection of Yersinia pestis DNA in two early medieval skeletal finds from Aschheim (Upper Bavaria, 6th century A.D.).

In the course of a molecular genetic investigation of a double inhumation, presumably a mother/child burial from Aschheim (Upper Bavaria, 6th century A.D.), which included analysis of mitochondrial DNA, molecular sexing, and polymorphic nuclear DNA, Yersinia pestis-specific DNA was detected. Molecular analyses were performed on DNA extracts obtained from two teeth of one skeleton and four teeth of the other. The use of the primer pair YP12D/YP11R (Raoult et al. [2000] Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 97:12800-12803), able to amplify part of the Y. pestis plasmid pPCP1 pla sequence, resulted in amplifica

Cloning, sequencing and expression analysis of a novel gene BR-1 that is expressed in normal human brain tissue but not in glioma tumor samples.

Using the technique of differential hybridization of a human fetal brain library, we identified a novel gene, brain 1 (BR-1). This gene is expressed in normal brain but has low or no expression in human gliomas. We have cloned and sequenced the full-length cDNA corresponding to this gene. A data base search for the nucleotide sequence homology was performed for BR-1. The BR-1 sequence showed strong homology to a human genomic clone from chromosome 2. Moderate sequence homology was observed between BR-1 and an expressed sequence tag (EST) from a human placenta library. Three different regions o

Synthesis and biochemical properties of cyanuric acid nucleoside-containing DNA oligomers.

1-(2-Deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)cyanuric acid (cyanuric acid nucleoside, dY) (1) has been shown to be formed upon exposure of DNA components to ionizing radiation and excited photosensitizers. To investigate the biological and structural significance of dY residue in DNA, the latter modified 2'-deoxynucleoside was chemically prepared and then site-specifically incorporated into oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs). This was achieved in good yields using the phosphoramidite approach. For this purpose, a convenient glycosylation method involving 3,5-protected 2-deoxyribofuranoside chloride

Detection of Pneumocystis carinii in induced sputa from immunocompromised patients using a repetitive DNA probe.

A hybridization assay for the detection of Pneumocystis carinii was developed using a repetitive DNA fragment of P.c. hominis. The assay was specific as different micro-organisms typically found in the respiratory tract, normal human lung DNA (A 549 cell line) and normal rat lung DNA did not react with the repetitive probe. In a slot blot (SB) hybridization assay, the repetitive probe was able to detect as few as 100 P.c. hominis organisms with no false-positives. The results of the SB hybridization assay were compared with an immunofluorescence (IFA) assay for the detection of P.c. hominis in

A mutation in the neurofibromatosis type 2 tumor-suppressor gene, giving rise to widely different clinical phenotypes in two unrelated individuals.

We have sought mutations in the recently identified neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) tumor-suppressor gene in a large panel of NF2 patients, using PCR-based SSCP and heteroduplex analysis, followed by cloning and sequencing of appropriate PCR products. Two unrelated NF2 patients were found to have identical nonsense mutations caused by a C-to-T transition in a CpG dinucleotide that is a potential mutational hot spot in the NF2 tumor-suppressor gene. Unexpectedly, the two individuals had widely different clinical phenotypes, representing the severe Wishart and mild Gardner clinical subtypes. Anal

Characterization of a variant tandem repeat from Sudanese Onchocerca volvulus.

Strategies for detection and control of onchocerciasis in Africa have included identification of DNA probes and PCR target sequences for sensitive and specific detection of parasites. To evaluate the applicability of published PCR and DNA probe based methods for the study of onchocerciasis in Sudan, we collected adult O. volvulus from geographically distinct regions of Sudan (700 miles apart), Abu Hamed (northern desert) and Raja (southwestern savannah), and we examined the similarities between Sudanese O. volvulus repeats and published versions of the repeat from West African O. volvulus. Amp

A mechanism for deletion formation in DNA by human cell extracts: the involvement of short sequence repeats.

DNA molecules carrying a site-specific double-strand break were exposed to nuclear extracts from human cell lines. It was shown previously that breaks could be rejoined correctly by human extracts, but that a proportion of the rejoined molecules had suffered deletions and insertions. The 'mis-rejoined' proportion was higher with cell extracts from an individual with the disorder ataxia-telangiectasia than with normal cell extracts. We now show by sequence analysis that deletions in extract-treated molecules occur exclusively between short direct repeats (2-6 base pairs). A mis-rejoined molecul

Clustered tRNA genes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe centromeric DNA sequence repeats.

The centromere-associated B' and B DNA sequence repeats of Schizosaccharomyces pombe chromosomes I and II have been found to contain clusters of tRNA genes. The centromere II region (cen2) includes at least 22 tRNA genes distributed among five copies of the B sequence repeat containing genes specifying tRNA(Ile), tRNA(Ala), and tRNA(Val). Individual B repeats are variously associated with other tRNA genes, including those specifying tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Arg), and tRNA(Glu2). The centromere I region (cen1) contains at least six tRNA genes in two copies of the B' repeated element, including genes spe

Ferritin mRNA translation, structure, and gene transcription during development of animals and plants.

Changes in transcription/accumulation of ferritin mRNA accompany cell differentiation and development as cells establish the pattern of iron storage and metabolism that matches their specialized features. Signals which induce changes in ferritin gene expression include hormones (thyrotropin in thyroid cells), monokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha in myoblasts, and preadipocytes), phagocytosis and/or inducing agents (erythrophagocytosis in macrophages, phorbol esters in promyelocytes, and dimethyslulfoxide in proerythroblasts), heat shock (in red cells) and light (in leaf mesophyll). Iron, whi

A frameshift mutation results in a truncated nonfunctional carboxyl-terminal pro alpha 1(I) propeptide of type I collagen in osteogenesis imperfecta.

A codon frameshift mutation caused by a single base (U) insertion after base pair 4088 of prepro alpha 1(I) mRNA of type I procollagen was identified in a baby with lethal perinatal osteogenesis imperfecta. The mutation was identified in fibroblast RNA by a new method that allows the direct detection of mismatched bases by chemical modification and cleavage in heteroduplexes formed between mRNA and control cDNA probes. The region of mismatches was specifically amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. The heterozygous mutation in the amplified cDNA most likely resulted from a T

Uric acid, an important screening tool to detect inborn errors of metabolism: a case series.

BACKGROUND: Uric acid is the metabolic end product of purine metabolism in humans. Altered serum and urine uric acid level (both above and below the reference ranges) is an indispensable marker in detecting rare inborn errors of metabolism. We describe different case scenarios of 4 Sri Lankan patients related to abnormal uric acid levels in blood and urine. CASE 1: A one-and-half-year-old boy was investigated for haematuria and a calculus in the bladder. Xanthine crystals were seen in microscopic examination of urine sediment. Low uric acid concentrations in serum and low urinary fractional ex

Sequence analyses of the 3' genome end and NP gene of human parainfluenza type 2 virus: sequence variation of the gene-starting signal and the conserved 3' end.

We cloned and determined the nucleotide sequences of cDNAs against nucleocapsid protein (NP) mRNA and the genomic RNA of human parainfluenza type 2 virus (PIV-2). The 3' terminal region of genomic RNA was compared among PIV-2, mumps virus (MuV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), measles virus (MV), PIV-3, bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus (BPIV-3), Sendai virus (SV), and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and an extensive sequence homology was observed between PIV-2 and MuV. Although no significant sequence relatedness was observed between PIV-2 and other viruses, the terminal four nucleotides wer

Study of cholesterol side-chain cleavage (20,22 desmolase) deficiency causing congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia using bovine-sequence P450scc oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes.

Conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone is mediated by the cholesterol side-chain cleavage (SCC) enzyme, P450scc. Deficient SCC activity causes congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia (also known as 20,22 desmolase deficiency), a potentially lethal defect in the synthesis of all steroid hormones. To probe for possible genetic defects causing this disease we synthesized four oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing 63 to 72 bases corresponding to portions of the bovine complementary DNA (cDNA) sequence for P450scc. The bovine oligonucleotides were labeled and used directly to probe Southern blots o

Acid stress management by Cronobacter sakazakii.

Cronobacter sakazakii is a foodborne pathogenic microorganism associated with sporadic cases of neonatal meningitis, necrotising enterocolit … DPC6529 to normally lethal acid exposures. The data suggests that repairing damage in proteins and nucleic acids, posttranscriptional modification of tRNA molecules and maintenance of the integrity of the cellular envelope are key processes in the defence against acid stress. Clones carrying transposon insertions in genes encoding the envelope stress response …

Molecular Approaches to Diagnosis in Ewing Sarcoma: Targeted RNA Sequencing.

Molecular testing for pathognomonic gene fusions is mandatory for the diagnosis of small round cell tumors. In particular, in Ewing sarcoma, the identification of specific chimeric fusion genes is critical to distinguish it from other histologically similar subtypes. As the clinical relevance of gene fusion detection continues to grow, many laboratories have adopted targeted next-generation sequencing approaches to overcome the limitations of conventional singleplex assays. We were among the early adopters of targeted RNA sequencing using anchored multiplex PCR, a technique that enables the si

Targeting protein arginine methyltransferases to enhance cancer immunotherapy.

Arginine methylation is a post-translational modification found on many proteins, including RNA-binding proteins, signaling molecules, histones, and heat shock proteins, where it can alter protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions. Arginine methylation regulates many cellular pathways, including RNA metabolism, signal transduction, gene expression, cellular stress responses, DNA repair, and, more recently, innate immune sensing. Here, we discuss recent advances in innate immune sensing and the emerging role of arginine methylation in suppressing tumor immune visibility. We describe

The myotonic dystrophy type 1 drug development pipeline: 2026 Edition.

Over the past few years, therapeutic development for myotonic dystrophy type 1 has accelerated markedly, with ongoing clinical trials nearly doubling and several candidates advancing to late-stage evaluation. Approaches have diversified, including small molecules, antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates, enhanced-delivery antisense platforms, gene therapy and miRNA-targeting strategies. Several nucleic-acid-based therapies demonstrate robust target engagement and clinically meaningful signals, positioning this modality as highly promising for disease modification. Parallel preclinical research has

Revealing G4 Structures as Drug Targets: Exploring the Potential of Novel Therapeutic Agents.

G-quadruplex (G4) structures represent noncanonical secondary formations found in DNA and RNA. Recent research reveals that G4s are abnormally enriched in various cancers, with closely linked to malignancy, metastatic potential, and prognosis. These structures have emerged as promising biomarkers for cancer with notable clinical relevance. Concurrently, investigations into compounds that selectively recognize DNA or RNA G4s as potential anticancer agents offer new avenues for early cancer diagnosis and therapeutic strategies. This review systematically analyzes the chemical structural characte

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA, are essential carriers of genetic information in living organisms [ 2 ]. Recent investigations have increasingly affirmed the potential of nucleic acids as viable targets for anticancer drug development [ 3 , 4 ]. … Roles of non-canonical structures of nucleic acids in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases . Nucleic Acids Res . 2021 ; 49 ( 14 ): 7839 – 7855 . 34244785 10.1093/nar/gkab580 PMC8373145 8. Miglietta G , Russo M , Capranico G . …