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Nodular regenerative hyperplasia and liver transplantation: a systematic review.

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) is a primary disease of the liver that may cause noncirrhotic portal hypertension. Common causes include autoimmune, hematologic, immune deficiency, and myeloproliferative disorders. Given the limited data regarding the development of NRH in contemporary immunosuppressive protocols and the occurrence of NRH post-liver transplantation, we systematically reviewed NRH as it pertains to liver transplantation. We performed a comprehensive search for NRH and transplantation. Nineteen studies were identified with relevant data for NRH as an indication for a live

Hemodialysis Patient with Diffuse Liver Calcification After Septic Shock.

BACKGROUND Calcification in arteries is sometimes observed in patients undergoing hemodialysis; however, ectopic calcification in other organs is uncommon. In particular, diffuse liver calcification is very rare. We report a case of rapidly developing diffuse liver calcification in a patient undergoing hemodialysis. CASE REPORT An 82-year-old woman started hemodialysis because of diabetic nephropathy, and her renal function worsened due to acute coronary syndrome. Percutaneous coronary intervention was conducted, and she was referred to our hospital. However, she subsequently contracted variou

Interaction of volatile organic compounds and underlying liver disease: a new paradigm for risk.

Occupational and environmental exposures to industrial chemicals are known to cause hepatotoxicity and liver injury, in humans and in animal models. Historically, research has focused on severe acute liver injury (e.g. fulminant liver failure) or endstage diseases (e.g. cirrhosis and HCC). However, it has become recently recognized that toxicants can cause more subtle changes to the liver. For example, toxicant-associated steatohepatitis, characterized by hepatic steatosis, and inflammation, was recently recognized in an occupational cohort exposed to vinyl chloride. At high occupational level…

Phenytoin-induced chronic liver enzyme elevation and hepatic fibrosis: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Liver fibrosis results from chronic damage to the liver. Advanced liver fibrosis results in cirrhosis, liver failure, and portal hypertension and may even require liver transplantation. A liver biopsy is considered the "gold standard" method for the assessment of liver fibrosis; however, ultrasonography can also detect changes in the hepatic parenchyma due to fibrosis. Although reports in the literature describe phenytoin-induced hepatic injury, often this rare occurrence is usually accompanied by a hypersensitivity reaction. CASE REPORT: Our patient is a 50-year-old female with h…

Serotonin: a double-edged sword for the liver?

Since the discovery of the impact of serotonin in liver regeneration, this molecule has gained considerable attention in liver physio-pathology. Platelet-derived serotonin initiates liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in various rodent models. Serotonin agonism stabilizes the hepatic microcirculation and prevents small-for-size liver graft failure. Similarly, serotonin receptor agonists improve the sinusoidal perfusion of aged liver and restore the deficient liver regeneration in old mice through a pathway dependent on vascular endothelial growth factor. Beside hepatocyte proliferatio

Insufficient bile acid signaling impairs liver repair in CYP27(-/-) mice.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Previous studies indicate that bile acids (BAs) promote normal liver regeneration and repair after injury. However, the i … BA sequestrant medications or CTX disease due to CYP27 gene mutations may have an increased risk of liver failure, and treatment with FXR ligands can promote liver regeneration of patients with low BA levels.

Агагнозирование вирусного гепатита по серотонину, полученному из тромбоцитов.

Более 500 миллионов человек во всем мире постоянно инфицированы вирусом гепатита В или вирусом гепатита С. Хотя оба вируса плохо цитопатичны, стойкость любого из этих вирусов сопряжена с риском хронического воспаления печени, что может привести к стивозу печени, циррозу печени, отключения конечной стадии печени или гепатоцеллюлярной карциноме. Вирусные Т клетки являются одним из основных факторов, определяющих исход гепатита, поскольку они способствуют раннему контролю за хроническими гепатитовыми вирусами, но они также являются посредником иммунопатологии во время хронической вирусной инфекци

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
More than 500 million people worldwide are persistently infected with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus. Although both viruses are poorly cytopathic, persistence of either virus carries a risk of chronic liver inflammation, potentially resulting in liver steatosis, liver cirrhosis, end-stage liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma. Virus-specific T ce…

Case Report: Preoperative treatment of portal hypertension by splenic artery embolization for safe major hepatectomy: experience in three patients.

Post-resection portal pressure is one of the most important determinants of post-hepatectomy liver failure. Therefore, preexisting portal hypertension is a significant risk factor for PHLF. Preoperative splenic artery embolization (SAE) was used to alleviate portal hypertension before right-sided hepatectomy in three non-cirrhotic female patients with colorectal liver metastases (45), perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (55), and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (69). Two had received chemotherapy and one had undergone radiotherapy, transarterial radioembolization as well. All had thrombocytopenia (79…

Supportive Management of Severe Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen Overdose Twenty-Four Hours After Ingestion in Limited Resources Settings.

Acetaminophen and ibuprofen are among the most used analgesic-antipyretic agents worldwide, yet their combined overdose can become life-thre … e illustrates that even in severe, late-presenting combined analgesic overdose complicated by acute liver failure and metabolic acidosis, a favorable outcome may still be achieved with comprehensive supportive care alone when advanced therapies are unavailable. It underscores the pivotal role of meticulous supportive management in toxicological emergencies.

Liver Transplantation for Polycystic Disease: Experience and Results of a Single-Center Series.

Polycystic liver disease (PLD) is a hereditary condition, and its symptoms are due to the growth of cysts. Liver transplantation (LT) is the … LT provides excellent outcomes and it is the treatment of choice for PLD in patients with end-stage liver failure or clinically limiting symptoms.

Pedigree Analysis of Nonclassical Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease with Dominant Inheritance in a LIPA I378T Heterozygous Carrier.

BACKGROUND: Cholesterol ester storage disorder (CESD; OMIM: 278,000) was formerly assumed to be an autosomal recessive allelic genetic condition connected to diminished lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) activity due to LIPA gene abnormalities. CESD is characterized by abnormal liver function and lipid metabolism, and in severe cases, liver failure can occur leading to death. In this study, one Chinese nonclassical CESD pedigree with dominant inheritance was phenotyped and analyzed for the corresponding gene alterations. METHODS: Seven males and eight females from nonclassical CESD pedigree were rec…

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors may accelerate cirrhosis decompensation in patients with diabetes and liver cirrhosis: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with liver cirrhosis is complex and suboptimal, but no clinical trial has adequately investigated antidiabetic drug use for such patients. We evaluate the risk of mortality, cardiovascular events, and hepatic outcomes between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor users and nonusers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cirrhosis. METHODS: We selected 2828 paired propensity score matched DPP-4 inhibitor users and nonusers from a cohort of T2DM with compensated liver cirrhosis between January 1, 2007

Split-liver transplantation in the United States: outcomes of a national survey.

OBJECTIVE: Assess application and outcomes of split-liver transplantation within the United States. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: While a theoretically attractive mechanism to increase cadaver organ supply, split-liver transplantation has been infrequently applied. The American Society of Transplant Surgeons, in an attempt to gather preliminary data on split-liver transplantation, performed a data protected survey of transplant centers participating in the U.S. Scientific Registry for Transplant Recipients. METHODS: Between April 2000 and May 2001, 89 surgical teams were surveyed. Elicited data i

Combined sonographic and fluoroscopic guidance during transjugular hepatic biopsies performed in children: a retrospective study of 74 biopsies.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and clinical impact of transjugular biopsies of the liver performed in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 74 transjugular hepatic biopsies performed in 64 pediatric patients. The selection criteria for transjugular approach in these children included mainly coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia, or ascites. The last 37 biopsies in our series were performed with combined sonographic and fluoroscopic guidance, which improved visualization of the biopsy tract. RESULTS: Adequate samples for histopathologic analysis

[Anesthesia for living-donor liver transplantation in a patient with adult polycystic liver disease].

Anesthesia for living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) was performed for two patients with adult polycystic liver disease (APLD). APLD is characterized by gradual cystic transformation of both lobes of the liver. Abdominal enlargement, poor appetite, abdominal pain, infection of liver cysts and portal hypertension are symptoms of this disease. Liver transplantation is indicated as the final therapy. Our two patients had very large livers (7400 g and 9500 g). The second patient had suffered renal failure due to a polycystic kidney so that continuous hemodiafiltration had to be performed after

Drug-induced hepatic disorders. Incidence, management and avoidance.

Drug-induced liver injury has been associated with more than 800 different drugs, leading to hospital admission in 1 of 600 to 3500 admissio … e of paracetamol (acetaminophen) toxicity, and liver transplantation in selected cases of fulminant liver failure. Guidelines regarding the use of selected drugs such as methotrexate and halothane should be followed. Potentially hepatotoxic drugs should be used cautiously in alcoholic patients with or without liver involvement. Patients with uncompensated liver …

Adolescent late-onset riboflavin-responsive multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency manifesting with severe multi-organ failure: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by dysfunctional acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, leading to lipid accumulation in various tissues, including skeletal muscles, liver, and cardiac muscles, etc. Late-onset MADD presents with progressive muscular symptoms (muscle weakness, atrophy, and myalgia) and even multisystem disorders (metabolic encephalopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, liver failure, acute kidney injury, respiratory failure, and cardiac arrest). Over the past decade, only one case of childhood late-onset MADD with se…

Potentially preventable hospitalization as a complication of CKD: a cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Ambulatory care-sensitive conditions have been described as those that (if appropriately managed in an outpatient setting) generally do not require subsequent hospitalization. Our goal was to identify clinical populations of people who are at the highest risk of ambulatory care-sensitive conditions related to chronic kidney disease (CKD). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: 2,003,054 adults (including 238,747 adults with CKD) residing in Alberta, Canada, with at least one serum creatinine measurement between 2002 and 2009. PREDICTORS: Estimated glom

The endocrinology and pathophysiology of alcoholic cirrhosis and functional renal failure--a review.

The pathophysiology and characteristics of decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis and functional renal failure are reviewed. The review will be restricted to alcoholic cirrhosis, because most cases of functional renal failure in the United States occur in the setting of alcoholic cirrhosis, which is also the most common cause of ascites in North America and Europe. Moreover, hepatorenal syndrome may complicate other forms of liver disease besides alcoholic cirrhosis, but the pathogenesis in such circumstances may not be the same as in the cirrhotic state.

Liver xenotransplantation: Progress, mechanistic barriers and strategies for clinical translation.

Pig-to-human liver xenotransplantation holds promise for alleviating the severe shortage of human donor livers. In recent years, China has a … n. These findings suggest that porcine livers may provide a critical window for patients with acute liver failure, serving as a bridge to allotransplantation or enabling native liver regeneration. However, due to the liver's complex physiological and metabolic functions, significant challenges remain in the post-transplantation phase. These include acute humora …