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Transplantation of a kidney with a heterozygous mutation in the SLC22A12 (URAT1) gene causing renal hypouricemia: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Renal hypouricemia (RHUC) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the SLC22A12 gene, which encodes the major uric acid (UA) transporter, URAT1. The clinical course of related, living donor-derived RHUC in patients undergoing kidney transplantation is poorly understood. Here, we report a case of kidney transplantation from a living relative who had an SLC22A12 mutation. After the transplantation, the recipient's fractional excretion of UA (FEUA) decreased, and chimeric tubular epithelium was observed. CASE PRESENTATION: A 40-year-old man underwent kidney transplantation. His s

Financial incentives versus standard of care to improve patient compliance with live kidney donor follow-up: protocol for a multi-center, parallel-group randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Live kidney donors (LKDs) account for nearly a third of kidney transplants in the United States. While donor nephrectomy poses minimal post-surgical risk, LKDs face an elevated adjusted risk of developing chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and end-stage renal disease. Routine screening presents an opportunity for the early detection and management of chronic conditions. Transplant hospital reporting requirements mandate the submission of laboratory and clinical data at 6-months, 1-year, and 2-years after kidney donation, but less than 50% of hospitals are able to comp

A mixed-methods feasibility study of an arts-based intervention for patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis.

BACKGROUND: Haemodialysis can negatively impact quality of life and mental health. Arts-based interventions used successfully in other settings to improve health and well-being, could help address the impact of haemodialysis. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of an arts-based intervention for patients receiving haemodialysis. METHODS: A parallel convergent mixed-methods design was used, including a pilot cluster RCT and qualitative process evaluation. Phase 1 evaluated recruitment and retention rates through a pilo

Effectiveness of extracorporeal blood purification (hemoadsorption) in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal blood purification has been proposed as one of the therapeutic approaches in patients with coronavirus infection, because of its beneficial impact on elimination of inflammatory cytokines. METHODS: This controlled trial has been conducted on critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted in the state hospital affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran who received different antiviral and antibacterial drugs, and different modalities of respiratory treatments and did not have positive clinical improvement. No randomization and blindness was considered. All o

Practice patterns of dialysis access and outcomes in patients wait-listed early for kidney transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Early kidney transplantation (KT) is the best option for patients with end-stage kidney disease, but little is known about dialysis access strategy in this context. We studied practice patterns of dialysis access and how they relate with outcomes in adults wait-listed early for KT according to the intended donor source. METHODS: This study from the REIN registry (2002-2014) included 9331 incident dialysis patients (age 18-69) wait-listed for KT before or by 6 months after starting dialysis: 8342 candidates for deceased-donor KT and 989 for living-donor KT. Subdistribution hazard r

Atypical hemolytic and uremic syndrome due to C3 mutation in pancreatic islet transplantation: a case report.

BACKGROUND: We here report on the first observation of a C3 mutation that is related to atypical hemolytic and uremic syndrome (aHUS), which occurred in a pancreatic islet transplant patient. Immunosuppressive treatments, such as calcineurin inhibitors, have been linked to undesirable effects like nephrotoxicity. CASE PRESENTATION: A 40-year-old man with brittle diabetes, who was included in the TRIMECO trial, became insulin-independent 2 months after pancreatic islet transplantation. About 15 months after islet transplantation, the patient exhibited acute kidney injury due to aHUS. Despite p

Outcomes of arteriovenous access among cancer patients requiring chronic haemodialysis.

BackgroundThere are limited data focusing specifically on the types of arteriovenous (AV) access used and outcomes of AV access among cancer patients as a consequence of cancer. We aimed to describe outcomes of AV access among cancer patients requiring chronic haemodialysis, and also to compare outcomes between patients with and without cancer.MethodsIn this single-centre, retrospective, observational cohort study, 84 patients diagnosed with cancer before AV access placement were included; we analysed outcomes of AV access among these patients and compared these outcomes with our previous resu

Application of group LASSO regression based Bayesian networks in risk factors exploration and disease prediction for acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients with hematologic malignancies.

BackgroundPatients who were diagnosed with hematologic malignancies (HM) had a higher risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). This study applies the Bayesian networks (BNs) to investigate the interrelationships between AKI and its risk factors among HM patients, and to evaluate the predictive and inferential ability of BNs model in different clinical settings.MethodsDuring 2014 and 2015, a total of 2501 inpatients with HM were recruited in this retrospective study conducted in a tertiary hospital, Shanghai of China. Patients' demographics, medical history, clinical and laboratory records on admissi

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… Furthermore, AKI diagnosis is easily overlooked by physicians in other divisions apart from nephrology. A study in China found that about three-quarters of inpatients did not receive a prompt diagnosis of AKI during hospitalization [ 6 ]. …

Risk factors for severe acute kidney injury among patients with rhabdomyolysis.

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening complication of rhabdomyolysis (RM). The aim of the present study was to assess patients at high risk for the occurrence of severe AKI defined as stage II or III of KDIGO classification and in-hospital mortality of AKI following RM. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of patients with creatine kinase levels > 1000 U/L, who were admitted to the West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2011 and March 2019. The sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory data of these patients were obtained from an electronic medi

Reduced myocardial blood flow reserve in kidney transplant candidates may hamper risk stratification.

BACKGROUND: Vasodilator nuclear stress testing is frequently ordered for risk stratification prior to kidney transplantation. Since 82Rb-positron emission tomography-computed tomography can measure myocardial blood flow (MBF), the response to vasodilator stress can be verified rendering the results of the scan more reliable. METHODS: We reviewed the MBF response to dipyridamole infusion in 328 patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) prior to transplant (188 hemodialysis-HD, 120 peritoneal dialysis-PD, and 20 pre-dialysis patients-CKD5) and in 100 controls with normal kidney function. A

Inflammation is an amplifier of lung congestion by high lv filling pressure in hemodialysis patients: a longitudinal study.

INTRODUCTION: Since inflammation alters vascular permeability, including vascular permeability in the lung, we hypothesized that it can be an amplifier of lung congestion in a category of patients at high risk for pulmonary oedema like end stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: We investigated the effect modification by systemic inflammation (serum CRP) on the relationship between a surrogate of the filling pressure of the LV [left atrial volume indexed to the body surface area (LAVI)] and lung water in a series of 220 ESKD patients. Lung water was quantified by the numb

CSE/H2S system alleviates uremic accelerated atherosclerosis by regulating TGF-β/Smad3 pathway in 5/6 nephrectomy ApoE-/- mice.

BACKGROUND: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to inhibit the atherosclerosis development and progression. It is produced by cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) in the cardiovascular system. In our previous study, it has been shown that CSE/H2S system plays a significant role in the changes of uremic accelerated atherosclerosis (UAAS), but the mechanism is not known clearly. METHODS: In this study, we explored the antagonism of CSE/H2S system in UAAS and identified its possible signaling molecules in ApoE-/- mice with 5/6 nephrectomy and fed with atherogenic diet. Mice were divided into sham opera

Nontraditional (non-Western pharmaceutical) treatments for chronic kidney disease.

Nontraditional, non-Western medicines, often called complementary and alternative medicines (CAM), for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are, potentially, a huge low-cost therapy resource for poorer populations in the world. Use of CAM, particularly from plant sources, is common in poorer communities, but the scientific basis for their use is still under-researched and under-published. This review presents information on the treatment of kidney disease with CAM, particularly CKD and its closely associated cardiovascular disease (CVD), which might benefit vulnerable populations. The challen

Influence of bowel habits on gut-derived toxins in peritoneal dialysis patients.

BACKGROUND: Gut-derived uremic toxins have been associated with adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Alterations in bowel habits, including constipation, seem to play an additional role in uremic toxicity. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of bowel habits with gut-derived uremic toxins and intestinal permeability in patients on automated peritoneal dialysis (APD). METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 58 APD patients (age 52.5 ± 15.1 years; dialysis vintage 14.1 (6.0-36.5) months). Constipation was defined according to the Rome IV criteria. Bowel habi

Clinical effect and safety of continuous renal replacement therapy in the treatment of neonatal sepsis-related acute kidney injury.

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is the leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The aim of the study is to explore the efficacy and security of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in the treatment of neonatal sepsis-related AKI. METHOD: Totally12 sepsis-related AKI neonates treated with CRRT were hospitalized in the NICU of Shanghai Children's Hospital between November 2012 and November 2019, and the clinical data of these 12 cases were retrospectively analyzed. Renal function, acid-base balance, electrolytes, blood pressure and hemodynamics indexes we

Dickkopf-3 in the prediction of contrast media induced acute kidney injury.

BACKGROUND: Dickkopf-3 (DKK3) has recently been discovered as a urinary biomarker for the prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery. This finding needs to be confirmed for AKI in other clinical settings. The present study investigates whether DKK3 can predict contrast-induced AKI (CI-AKI). METHODS: We performed a prospective study in 490 patients undergoing coronary angiography. Primary endpoint was an increase in serum creatinine concentration ≥ 0.3 mg/dl within 72 h after the procedure. DKK3 was assessed < 24 h before coronary angiography. Predictive accuracy was assesse

Is metformin associated with acute kidney injury? A case-control study of patients with type 2 diabetes admitted with acute infection.

INTRODUCTION: Despite the long-term renoprotective effects of Metformin, a recent study on data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration reported a possible nephrotoxic effect, contributing to the development of acute kidney injury (AKI). We investigated the association between metformin and AKI in patients admitted with the AKI-prone condition of acute infection and compared results with corresponding results of other antidiabetics. METHODS: In a nationwide register-based case-control study, we identified Danish patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized with acute infection between 2008 a

Schistosomiasis-associated glomerulopathy: Clinical aspects, pathological characteristics, and renal outcomes
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BACKGROUND: In Brazil, schistosomiasis is caused only by Schistosoma mansoni, occurring in the northeastern and southeastern regions. Schistosomiasis primarily affects the liver and gastrointestinal tract, although the kidneys can also be affected, mainly in the form of glomerulopathies. Here, we describe the characteristics of patients with schistosomiasis-associated glomerulopathies, including treatment and renal outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with schistosomiasis-associated glomerulopathy between 2002 and 2017. Clinical, biochemical