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Antiobesity Medications for Older Adults-the New, the Good, the Bad, and the Unknown.

OBJECTIVE: Obesity affects 42% of older adults, with rates continuing to rise. This a complex condition influenced by non-modifiable as well as modifiable risk factors. The disease can be treated through modifications to diet, physical activity, and behavior and more recently through antiobesity medications (AOMs) and surgery. Treatment must be tailored to individual needs due to age-related metabolic and physiological changes. This review aimed to identify the suitability of seven FDA-approved AOMs in the treatment of obesity in older adults. METHODS: A review of AOMs was performed, focusing

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… Orlistat is available in two formulations: 60 mg and 120 mg capsules. Orlistat can be started at any dose and should be taken immediately before, with, or within the first hour after a fat‐containing meal. … The orlistat dose should be omitted if the older adult misses a meal or if it is a non‐fat‐containing meal. Always supplement with fat‐soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K when using orlistat [ 31 ] (Table 3 ). …

Fatty acid synthase in chemoresistance: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.

Chemoresistance has been a major obstacle to the efficient treatment of cancer. Recently, targeting lipid metabolism has gained significant attention because of its roles not only in promoting cancer progression but also in inducing chemotherapy resistance. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is the sole enzyme that is in charge of catalyzing the synthesis of palmitate, a long-chain lipid that is essential for membrane construction and post-translational modification in cell biology. Both FAS and its product, palmitate, have been validated as critical players in mediating or causing chemoresistance in c

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… Plus, orlistat is not a specific FAS inhibitor but rather a lipase inhibitor that reduces the overall absorption of fatty acids. Another issue for orlistat is the low bioavailability due to high lipophilicity. Therefore, further structural modifications are needed to address these issues. … Despite the challenges, since orlistat is an approved drug, determining its impact on treatment outcomes in cancer patients is still meaningful. …

Obesity Management in Adults: A Review.

IMPORTANCE: Obesity affects approximately 42% of US adults and is associated with increased rates of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiova … endent insulinotropic polypeptide/GLP-1 agonist), phentermine-topiramate, naltrexone-bupropion, and orlistat. Of these, tirzepatide has the greatest effect, with mean weight loss of 21% at 72 weeks. Endoscopic procedures (ie, intragastric balloon and endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty) can attain 10% to 13% weight loss at 6 months. Weight loss from metabolic a …

Drug treatment of obesity.

Both diet and medications are useful in the treatment of the obese patient. Weight loss of about 10% below baseline can be achieved with both, and there is no evidence that the composition of the diet, by itself, has any influence on weight loss. Presently only 1 drug is approved for long-term treatment of overweight patients, and its effectiveness is limited to palliation of the chronic disease of obesity. Combinations of medications and antidiabetic drugs that produce weight loss are being evaluated.

Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus through inhibition of the Renin-Angiotensin system.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is becoming a major health problem associated with excess morbidity and mortality. As the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is rapidly increasing, prevention of the disease should be considered as a key objective in the near future. Besides lifestyle changes, various pharmacological treatments have proven their efficacy in placebo-controlled clinical trials, including antidiabetic drugs such as metformin, acarbose and troglitazone, or antiobesity agents such as orlistat. Arterial hypertension, a clinical entity in which insulin resistance is common, is strongly associated …

The prince and the pauper. A tale of anticancer targeted agents.

Cancer rates are set to increase at an alarming rate, from 10 million new cases globally in 2000 to 15 million in 2020. Regarding the pharmacological treatment of cancer, we currently are in the interphase of two treatment eras. The so-called pregenomic therapy which names the traditional cancer drugs, mainly cytotoxic drug types, and post-genomic era-type drugs referring to rationally-based designed. Although there are successful examples of this newer drug discovery approach, most target-specific agents only provide small gains in symptom control and/or survival, whereas others have consiste

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… Orlistat is a potent inhibitor of Fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity, a key metabolic enzyme responsible for the terminal catalytic step in novo fatty acid biosynthesis [ 283 ]. Orlistat was approved by the FDA as an antiobesity drug. … Orlistat is not significantly absorbed into the systemic circulation and is well tolerated. It has been also reported that orlistat has no significant effects on calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, copper, or zinc balance or on bone biomarkers [ 288 , 287 ]. …

2024 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Pharmacologic Treatment of Overweight and Obesity by the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity.

The Korean Society for the Study of Obesity has published the 9th edition of its Clinical Practice Guidelines to provide updated, evidence-based recommendations for the management of overweight and obesity. Developed through a structured process of systematic literature review and expert consensus, these guidelines incorporate recent clinical evidence for obesity management. Key clinical questions were formulated using the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome framework and addressed through comprehensive evaluations of randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, systematic revie

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… Orlistat Orlistat reduces dietary fat absorption by approximately 30% by inhibiting gastrointestinal lipases, resulting in weight loss primarily via decreased energy intake. 45 Unlike centrally acting agents, orlistat does not directly modulate appetite, and it is associated with gastrointestinal adverse … XENical in the prevention of diabetes in obese subjects (XENDOS) study: a randomized study of orlistat as an adjunct to lifestyle changes for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in obese patients. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:155–61. doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.1.155. 40. …

Evaluation and Treatment of Obesity and Its Comorbidities: 2022 Update of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obesity by the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity.

The goal of the 8th edition of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obesity is to help primary care physician provide safe, effective care to patients with obesity by offering evidence-based recommendations to improve the quality of treatment. The Committee for Clinical Practice Guidelines comprised individuals with multidisciplinary expertise in obesity management. A steering board of seven experts oversaw the entire project. Recommendations were developed as the answers to key questions formulated in patient/problem, intervention, comparison, outcomes (PICO) format. Guidelines underwent mult

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… Randomised placebo-controlled trial of orlistat for weight loss and prevention of weight regain in obese patients. Lancet. 1998;352:167–72. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)11509-4. 100. Wadden TA, Berkowitz RI, Sarwer DB, Prus-Wisniewski R, Steinberg C. … Predictive value of early weight loss in obesity management with orlistat: an evidence-based assessment of prescribing guidelines. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003;27:103–9. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802165. 118. …

European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults.

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease characterised by an increase of body fat stores. It is a gateway to ill health, and it has become one of the leading causes of disability and death, affecting not only adults but also children and adolescents worldwide. In clinical practice, the body fatness is estimated by BMI, and the accumulation of intra-abdominal fat (marker for higher metabolic and cardiovascular disease risk) can be assessed by waist circumference. Complex interactions between biological, behavioural, social and environmental factors are involved in regulation of energy balance and

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… Orlistat Orlistat is a potent and selective inhibitor of pancreatic lipase that reduces intestinal digestion of fat. The drug is available over the counter at a dose of 60 mg and a prescription dosage of 120 mg. … Xenical in the Prevention of Diabetes in Obese Subjects (XENDOS) study: a randomized study of orlistat as an adjunct to lifestyle changes for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in obese patients. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:155–161. doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.1.155. 76. …

Contemporary treatment patterns of overweight and obesity: insights from the Mass General Brigham health care system.

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of obesity, obesity-related conditions (ORCs), and antiobesity medication (AOM) eligibility and prescribing practice among eligible patients in a large health care system.MethodsIn this cross-sectional analysis of the multicenter Mass General Brigham health care system (Boston, Massachusetts) spanning 2018 to 2022, adults eligible for AOMs (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 or BMI 27-29.9 kg/m2 with ≥1 ORC) were identified. Among those AOM-eligible, the prevalence of prescriptions for AOMs approved for long-term weight management was evaluated.R

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… Overall, liraglutide 3.0 mg was the most frequently prescribed (45.8%), followed by semaglutide 2.4 mg (34.2%), naltrexone‐bupropion (10.7%), phentermine‐topiramate (6.3%), and orlistat (3.1%) (Table 4 ). … The proportion of naltrexone‐bupropion, phentermine‐topiramate, and orlistat prescriptions was generally similar across BMI categories. …

[Effect of acupuncture on the transforming growth factor β/Smad homolog 3 signaling pathway and autophagy in obese rats].

OBJECTIVES: To observe the effect of acupuncture on the expressions of transforming growth factor β(TGF-β)/Smad homolog 3(Smad 3)signaling p … hu"(ST25) etc., for 30 min, once daily for 4 weeks. Rats in the medication group received gavage of orlistat solution (32.4 mg·kg-1·d-1), once daily for 4 weeks.The rat's body weight was measured for calculating the Lee's index.The weights of epididymal fat and perirenal fat were measured.The fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin levels were measured, an …

Emerging Role of GLP-1 Agonists in Obesity: A Comprehensive Review of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Obesity is a chronic disease with high prevalence and associated comorbidities, making it a growing global concern. These comorbidities include type 2 diabetes, hypertension, ventilatory dysfunction, arthrosis, venous and lymphatic circulation diseases, depression, and others, which have a negative impact on health and increase morbidity and mortality. GLP-1 agonists, used to treat type 2 diabetes, have been shown to be effective in promoting weight loss in preclinical and clinical studies. This review summarizes numerous studies conducted on the main drugs in the GLP-1 agonists class, outlini

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… Those who received liraglutide lost significantly more weight than those who received a placebo or orlistat. Mean weight loss with liraglutide 1.2–3.0 mg was 4.8 kg, 5.5 kg, 6.3 kg, and 7.2 kg, compared with 2.8 kg with placebo and 4.1 kg with orlistat. … Approximately 76% of people lost more than 5% of their weight with liraglutide 3.0 mg than with placebo (30%) or orlistat (44%). …

Metabolic Reprogramming of Cancer Cells and Therapeutics Targeting Cancer Metabolism.

BackgroundCancer metabolism is a field focused on the unique alterations in metabolic pathways that occur in cancer cells, distinguishing them from the metabolic processes in normal cells.MethodsAn extensive review of the current literature on the metabolic adaptation of cancer cells was carried out in the current study.ResultsThe rapidly proliferating cells require high levels of molecules, such as glucose, amino acids, lipids, and nucleotides, along with increased energy demand (ATP). These requirements are met through alterations in the processes involving glucose, amino acid, lipid, and nu

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… Inhibiting FASN with orlistat allowed for sensitization of the cancer cells to sorafenib [ 128 ]. Nucleotide Metabolism and Drug Resistance As previously mentioned, nucleotides are the building blocks for DNA and RNA. … 197 ] C75 | FASN inhibitor | Melanoma, breast, lung carcinomas, glioblastoma, RCC, mesothelioma, gliomas | 30 mg/kg | In vivo | Greatly delayed tumor progression | [ 198 , 199 ] Cerulenin | FASN inhibitor | Ovarian carcinoma, breast carcinoma | 0–40 μM | In vitro | Induced apoptosis | [ 199 , 200 ] Orlistat …

Clinical and Therapeutic Implications of Male Obesity.

The prevalence of obesity, a disorder linked to numerous comorbidities and metabolic complications, has recently increased dramatically worldwide and is highly prevalent in men, even at a young age. Compared to female patients, men with obesity more frequently have delayed diagnosis, higher severity of obesity, increased mortality rate, and only a minority of obese male patients are successfully treated, including with bariatric surgery. The aim of this review was to present the current state of knowledge about the clinical and therapeutic implications of obesity diagnosed in males.

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… Currently, five drugs are approved for weight-reduction therapy (orlistat, naltrexone/bupropion, 3 mg liraglutide, 2.4 mg semaglutide, phentermine/topiramate). … Obesity management: Update on orlistat. Vasc. Health Risk Manag. 2007;3:817–821. 97. Greig S.L., Keating G.M. Naltrexone ER/Bupropion ER: A Review in Obesity Management. Drugs. 2015;75:1269–1280. doi: 10.1007/s40265-015-0427-5. 98. …

Осложнения периферального нерва в результате применения лекарств для потери веса: систематический обзор.

ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Существует глобальная эпидемия ожирения, и в этом контексте разработка новых агентов для снижения веса является своевременной. Поступали сообщения о периферийных осложнениях нервной системы, и это исследование было направлено на систематический анализ всех сообщенных случаев, связанных с лекарственными препаратами, используемыми для снижения веса. МЕТОДЫ: Был проведен систематический поиск баз данных PubMed, Embase и CINAHL с момента создания по 30 июня 2026 года в целях выявления исследований, в которых сообщается о новых или ухудшающихся периферийных осложнениях нервн

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… PubMed, Embase and CINAHL were searched from inception to 30th June 2026 using terms to capture any peripheral nerve complication associated with weight loss medications including GLP-1RAs, dual GIP/GLP-1RA, sodium glucose transport protein-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, phentermine, bupropion, topiramate and orlistat … No cases were found associated with phentermine, bupropion, topiramate or orlistat. Dose was not reported in most cases (22 cases). The median weight loss was 20.4 kg (IQR 15.2) reported from 27 cases, with one further case reporting a BMI reduction of 14.6 kg/m 2 (65.6 to 51). …

Repurposing Disulfiram as an Anti-Obesity Drug: Treating and Preventing Obesity in High-Fat-Fed Rats.

Background and objectivesA drug repurposing strategy is an approach for identifying new therapeutic uses for approved or investigational drugs. Thanks to the moderate cost of repurposing a drug compared to bringing new chemical entity to the market, drug repurposing is rapidly gaining ground. The aim of this work is to study the anti-obesity effect of disulfiram (DSF), an irreversible aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat chronic alcoholism since 1951.MethodsThirty male Albino rats were randomly assigned to six groups. G1, the control grou

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… obesity is recognized by the World Health Organization as one of the major challenges in public health in the twenty-first century, 2 there is still no clear-cut solution. 6 To date, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved only five drugs or drug combinations for long-term obesity treatment: orlistat … FDA-approved for short-term use: benzphetamine, phentermine, phendimetrazine and diethylpropion. 7 Very recently, lorcaserin was withdrawn from the US market, as a safety clinical trial showed an increased occurrence of cancer. 8 Meanwhile, the European Medicines Agency has approved only three medicines, orlistat …

Recognition and management of persistent chylomicronemia: A Joint Expert Clinical Consensus by the National Lipid Association and the American Society for Preventive Cardiology.

Extreme hypertriglyceridemia, defined as triglyceride (TG) levels ≥1000 mg/dL, is almost always indicative of chylomicronemia. The current diagnostic approach categorizes individuals with chylomicronemia into familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS; prevalence 1-10 per million), caused by the biallelic combination of pathogenic variants that impair the lipolytic action of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), or multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome (MCS, 1 in 500). A pragmatic framework should emphasize the severity of the phenotype and the risk of complications. Therefore, we endorse the term "persiste

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… The use of orlistat in an adult with lipoprotein lipase deficiency: a case report . AACE Clin Case Rep . 2022 ; 8 ( 2 ): 93 – 95 . doi: 10.1016/j.aace.2021.11.004 . 35415234 PMC8984509 72. Patni N , Quittner C , Garg A . … Orlistat therapy for children with type 1 hyperlipoproteinemia: a randomized clinical trial . J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 2018 ; 103 ( 6 ): 2403 – 2407 . doi: 10.1210/jc.2018-00369 . 29659879 PMC6456945 73. Kamanna VS , Kashyap ML . Mechanism of action of niacin . …