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Convergent Skeletal Muscle Cytokine Responses to TFEB Overexpression and Voluntary Wheel Running Reflect Sex-Based Variability in Exercise Adaptations.

Endurance exercise (running) promotes skeletal muscle remodeling through metabolic and inflammatory signaling cascades. However, the extent … onal male-specific cytokine profiling responses, including increases in IFNγ, SCF, TPO, VCAM1A, and leptin, further underscored the sex-specificity of exercise-related inflammatory adaptations. These findings demonstrate that skeletal muscle cytokine responses to endurance-like stimuli are profoundly influenced by sex and suggest that male muscle exhibit …

Muscle Strength, Lipid Metabolism and Hepatic Steatosis Are Improved with Ursolic Acid Treatment in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Background/Objectives: The prevalence of obesity globally has increased steadily in the past decades. Obesity, sarcopenic obesity (SO) and n … tological changes in the liver and abdominal adipose tissues, regulated serum GH, IGF-1, T3, T4 and leptin levels and downregulated the inflammation-associated gene expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in abdominal adipose tissue. Conclusions: UA could enhance muscle strength, improve lipid metabolism and hepatic steatosis and might be considered a potential th …

Restorative effects of Momordica charantia extract on cerebellar GFAP and NGF expression in pregnant diabetic rats and their offspring.

Maternal diabetes mellitus is linked to neurobiological and cognitive impairments, increasing the risk of brain and cerebellar defects in diabetic pregnant rats and their offspring. Momordica charantia (bitter melon) possesses antidiabetic properties due to its bioactive compounds, including phenolics, alkaloids, proteins, steroids, inorganic compounds, and lipids. Forty pregnant rats were randomly assigned to four groups: control; M charantia (BM); diabetic (DM); and diabetic treated with M charantia (BM+DM). Diabetic maternal rats showed significantly elevated serum glucose, insulin, leptin,…

A review of the implications of maternal monosodium glutamate consumption on offspring health.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a globally used food additive for over a century, is considered generally safe. Although in … , such as progesterone and ghrelin may impair fetal growth and skeletal development, while altering leptin and adipsin pathways may predispose offspring to obesity. CONCLUSION: Current evidence from human studies is lacking. Animal models can help elucidate biological mechanisms, but they may not fully capture human physiology. Future prospective cohort …

Eugenol as a Novel Neuroblastoma Therapeutic Identified by an Online Prognostic Assessment Platform.

BACKGROUND: High-risk neuroblastoma (NB) remains a therapeutic challenge with a poor prognosis, necessitating the identification of novel pr … mosome 21 open reading frame 58 (C21orf58), cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1), laminin alpha 4 (LAMA4), leptin receptor (LEPR), solute carrier family 25 member 10 (SLC25A10), and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT)) was identified and used to build a risk-scoring model, accessible at online platform. Leveraging this model, we identified eugenol as a pote …

Ethanol-induced dysfunction of the mesenteric perivascular adipose tissue is driven by mineralocorticoid receptors.

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is critical in ethanol-induced vascular dysfunction. Mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) trigge … of MR prevented ethanol-induced impairment in acetylcholine relaxation as well as the reduction of leptin levels and reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction in the mesenteric PVAT (mPVAT) from ethanol-treated rats. Ethanol promoted neutrophil accumulation and augmented the concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the mPVAT and these respon …

Impact of Menstrual Cycle and Oral Contraceptives on Haematological and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Highly Trained Female Athletes.

Haematological and inflammatory biomarkers play an important role in athlete performance and health, with some of them used in the fight aga … ethinyloestradiol and levonorgestrel) during active and inactive hormone intake. Body composition, leptin and lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides) were determined in parallel. No changes were observed throughout NMC phases. Irrespective of active/inactive pill intake, COC use increased transferrin, triglycerides as well as retic …

Different association of GDF15 and FGF21 with glycemic status and aging in the context of obesity.

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) are stress-induced cytokines increased in age-related and m … rum GDF15 and FGF21 concentrations and their relationship with obesity, T2D, and aging. Adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) and other cardiometabolic risk factors were also measured. The circulating concentrations of GDF15 and FGF21 were significantly increased with obesity and further increased with IGT and T2D. Both GDF15 and FGF21 showed positive asso …

Metabolic phenotypes and fatty acid profiles associated with histopathology of primary aldosteronism.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) caused by aldosterone hypersecretion is treated by adrenalectomy or medications. Histopathologic examination of r … wer prevalence of obesity, smaller waist circumference and visceral adipose tissue areas, and lower leptin concentrations compared with operated patients with the nonclassical histopathology (n = 34). No such differences were identified between the nonclassical histopathology group and medically treated group. Distinct concentrations of 18 out of 35 peri …

New Insight into Bone Immunity in Marrow Cavity and Cancellous Bone Microenvironments and Their Regulation.

Bone immunity represents a dynamic interface where skeletal homeostasis intersects with systemic immune regulation. We synthesize emerging p … egulatory framework, wherein vagus nerve-mediated gut signaling enhances osteogenic pathways, while leptin and adipokine circuits link marrow adiposity to inflammatory bone loss. These insights redefine bone as a multidimensional immunometabolic organ, integrating neural, endocrine, and microbial inputs to maintain homeostasis. By elucidating the mechani …

Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is most common reproductive- endocrine disorder with extensive clinical phenotypes. It is characterized by … nt patterns of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. The shift in an adipokine profile with elevated leptin and lower adiponectin levels highlights metabolic dysfunction. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide, indicate a pro-oxidant-antioxidant imbalance. Chronic systemic inflammation is also observed as inflammatory …

Exploring the Genetic Overlap Between Metabolic Traits and Anorexia Nervosa.

BACKGROUND: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder with complex biology that remains largely uncharacterized. Recent genome-wide associ … and Bayesian colocalization between 6 metabolic traits (body mass index, high-density lipoprotein, leptin, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes) (n = 30,931-659,316) and AN (n = 72,517). RESULTS: Significant local genetic correlation was identified across 60 regions, between genetic liability to AN and one of the 6 metabolic traits, …

The spleen-liver axis supports obesity-induced systemic and fatty liver inflammation via MDSC and NKT cell enrichment.

Obesity promotes adipose tissue inflammation and leads to impaired local but also systemic immune cell homeostasis. This chronic low-grade i … not clearly outlined. In this study blood, spleen, and liver immune cells of non-obese wildtype vs. leptin deficient obese BTBR mice were isolated and analyzed in terms of leukocyte composition by flow cytometry. Significant differences between circulating, spleen- and liver-resident immune cell distribution revealed, that obesity-induced hepatic and sys …

Kynurenines and neopterin are interferon-gamma-inducible biomarkers for Sjögren's disease.

OBJECTIVES: The aim was to investigate whether kynurenine pathway metabolites and neopterin increase probability for Sjögren's disease (SjD) and their associations with clinical parameters and inflammatory biomarkers. METHODS: In this case-control study, 97 SjD patients and 63 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were enrolled. Clinical and immunological characteristics, EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) and the EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Patient-Report Index (ESSPRI) were evaluated. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), cysteine, leptin, resistin, adiponectin,…

Determinants of airway morphology in asthma: Inflammatory and noninflammatory factors.

BACKGROUND: Patients with asthma may exhibit impaired airway tree morphology. The impact of difficult-to-treat traits on airway tree morphol … increase in TAC. Sputum IL-5, IL-6, RANTES, and circulating YKL-40 (chitinase-3-like-1 protein) and leptin also inversely correlated with TAC. CONCLUSIONS: BMI, asthma duration, sinusitis, and the presence of bronchiectasis are significant determinants of airway tree morphology in asthma, alongside inflammation and mucus plugs. Both inflammatory and non …

Воздействие пищевой активности на периферийные маркеры воспаления среди людей с множественным склерозом: систематический обзор и метаанализ выборочных контролируемых испытаний.

Множественный склероз (MS) характеризуется нейроинфламмацией и периферийным регулированием иммунной дистрибуции с циркуляционными цитокинами и системными маркерами, связанными с активностью и прогрессированием заболеваний. Появляющиеся данные свидетельствуют о том, что пищевые продукты влияют на воспаление, однако воздействие рациона питания на подстрекательские маркеры в РС остается неясным. МЕТОДЫ: В период с момента создания по февраль 2025 года в библиотеке " PubMed " , " Web of Science " , " Scopus " , " Embase " и " Cochrane Bibrary " (Це

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by neuroinflammation and peripheral immune dysregulation, with circulating cytokines an … erences. The largest improvements occurred in trials lasting six months or longer. Meta-analyses of leptin (WMD: 0.95; 95 % CI: -2.80 to 4.69) and adiponectin (WMD: 480; 95 % CI: -152 to 1112) revealed no significant effects of calorie restriction. Data for other markers were insufficient for pooling. NutriGRADE evidence was rated low due to small sample …

Korean Red Ginseng Extract Powder Mitigates Fasting And Postprandial Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetic Mice.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) involves insulin resistance and elevated blood sugar levels, causing complications. Red ginseng extract powd … y components in the gluconeogenesis pathway (G6Pase, FOXO1, GLUT4, and PEPCK), insulin sensitivity (leptin, insulin1, PTP1B, GLP-1, and DPP-4), and mitochondria energy metabolism (PGC1) in either the liver or pancreas, while simultaneously upregulating GLP-1 expression. In conclusion, these findings highlight the potential of RGEP as a complementary ther …

Restoration of the ER stress response protein TDAG51 in hepatocytes mitigates NAFLD in mice.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress is associated with insulin resistance and the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Deficiency of th … iated virus (AAV) increased hepatic expression of a TDAG51-GFP fusion protein in WT, TDAG51-/-, and leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice. Restoration of hepatic TDAG51 protein was sufficient to increase insulin sensitivity while reducing body weight and fatty liver in HFD fed TDAG51-/- mice and in ob/ob mice. TDAG51-/- mice expressing ectopic TDAG51 display imp …

Interplay of co-cultured chimeric adipose and gingival tissues exacerbates inflammatory dysfunction relevant to periodontal and metabolic conditions.

Adipose tissue dysfunction is a key feature of metabolic syndrome, which increases the risk of periodontitis, an inflammatory disease induce … ased macrophage colonies forming around lipid droplets, as well as elevated levels of triglyceride, leptin, and IL-6. In GTE, LPS triggered significant inflammatory responses, characterized by increased macrophage accumulation, elevated COX-2 expression, and heightened secretion of inflammatory cytokines. LPS also reduced epithelial thickness and the exp …

Additive effects of depression and obesity on neural correlates of inhibitory control.

BACKGROUND: Depression and obesity are associated with impaired inhibitory control. Behavioral evidence indicates an exacerbating additive e … rietal gyrus. Exploratory analysis revealed that circulating inflammation markers, including plasma leptin, IL-6, IL-8, and CCL-3 correlated with the additive effect of depression and obesity on altered functional connectivity. LIMITATIONS: The observational design limits causal inferences. Future research employing longitudinal or intervention designs …